Characteristics and Outcomes of Over a Million Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Seven Countries: Multinational Cohort Study and Open Data Resource.

Background And Aims: Observational healthcare data are an important tool for delineating patients' inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) journey in real-world settings. However, studies that characterize IBD cohorts typically rely on a single resource, apply diverse eligibility criteria, and extract variable sets of attributes, making comparison between cohorts challenging. We aim to longitudinally describe and compare IBD patient cohorts across multiple geographic regions, employing unified data and analysis framework.

Non-operative Versus Operative Management of Perianal Abscess in Infants: A 10-year Retrospective Study at Two Centres in the United Kingdom.

Background: Perianal abscess (PA), with or without fistula-in-ano (FIA) is common in infants. Treatment options include incision and drainage under general anaesthesia or non-operative treatments, such as antibiotics and/or aspiration under local anaesthetic, which avoid the risks of surgery. Current management is based on surgeon preference due to a poor underlying evidence base.

Multiple independent genetic code reassignments of the UAG stop codon in phyllopharyngean ciliates.

The translation of nucleotide sequences into amino acid sequences, governed by the genetic code, is one of the most conserved features of molecular biology. The standard genetic code, which uses 61 sense codons to encode one of the 20 standard amino acids and 3 stop codons (UAA, UAG, and UGA) to terminate translation, is used by most extant organisms. The protistan phylum Ciliophora (the 'ciliates') are the most prominent exception to this norm, exhibiting the grfeatest diversity of nuclear genetic code variants and evidence of repeated changes in the code.

Identification and characterization of human KALRN mRNA and Kalirin protein isoforms.

Kalirin is a multidomain protein with important roles in neurite outgrowth, and synaptic spine formation and remodeling. Genetic and pathophysiological links with various neuropsychiatric disorders associated with synaptic dysfunction and cognitive impairment have sparked interest in its potential as a pharmacological target. Multiple Kalirin proteoforms are detected in the adult human brain, yet we know little about the diversity of the transcripts that encode them or their tissue profiles.

Management of Ganglioneuroma and Ganglioneuroblastoma Intermixed: A United Kingdom Children's Cancer and Leukaemia Group (UK CCLG) Nationwide Study Report.

Background: Ganglioneuroblastoma intermixed (GNBi) and ganglioneuroma (GN) represent benign variants of peripheral neuroblastic tumours. While historically surgical resection was recommended, watchful active observation has become the accepted management for a subset of patients.

Objectives: To review clinical features, biology, natural history and management of a retrospective UK CCLG study cohort of GN and GNBi, and compare outcomes of patients treated with surgical resection or watchful active observation.