Single cell transcriptomic analysis of the immune cell compartment in the human small intestine and in Celiac disease.

Celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder in which ingestion of dietary gluten triggers an immune reaction in the small intestine leading to destruction of the lining epithelium. Current treatment focusses on lifelong adherence to a gluten-free diet. Gluten-specific CD4 T cells and cytotoxic intraepithelial CD8 T cells have been proposed to be central in disease pathogenesis.

Longitudinal single-cell transcriptomics reveals distinct patterns of recurrence in acute myeloid leukemia.

Background: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogeneous and aggressive blood cancer that results from diverse genetic aberrations in the hematopoietic stem or progenitor cells (HSPCs) leading to the expansion of blasts in the hematopoietic system. The heterogeneity and evolution of cancer blasts can render therapeutic interventions ineffective in a yet poorly understood patient-specific manner. In this study, we investigated the clonal heterogeneity of diagnosis (Dx) and relapse (Re) pairs at genetic and transcriptional levels, and unveiled the underlying pathways and genes contributing to recurrence.

3D spheroid culture to examine adaptive therapy response in invading tumor cells.

Unlabelled: 3D in vitro culture models of cancer cells in extracellular matrix (ECM) have been developed to investigate drug targeting and resistance or, alternatively, mechanisms of invasion; however, models allowing analysis of shared pathways mediating invasion and therapy resistance are lacking. To evaluate therapy response associated with cancer cell invasion, we here used 3D invasion culture of tumor spheroids in 3D fibrillar collagen and applied Ethanol-Ethyl cinnamate (EtOH-ECi) based optical clearing to detect both spheroid core and invasion zone by subcellular-resolved 3D microscopy. When subjected to a single dose of irradiation (4 Gy), we detected significant cell survival in the invasion zone.

p120-catenin-dependent collective brain infiltration by glioma cell networks.

Diffuse brain infiltration by glioma cells causes detrimental disease progression, but its multicellular coordination is poorly understood. We show here that glioma cells infiltrate the brain collectively as multicellular networks. Contacts between moving glioma cells are adaptive epithelial-like or filamentous junctions stabilized by N-cadherin, β-catenin and p120-catenin, which undergo kinetic turnover, transmit intercellular calcium transients and mediate directional persistence.

Expression Patterns for , and in Cancer Stem-like Cells Isolated from Human Colon Cancer.

Background: Colon tumor is generated and maintained by a small subset of chemo-resistant cancer cells known as Cancer Stem-like Cells (CSCs) that are able to self-renew and differentiate into various cell types within the cancer milieu. CSCs are identified through expression of CD133 that is the most important surface marker of these cells. Epithelial Cell Adhesion Molecule (EpCAM) is another colon CSCs marker.