The impact of PD-1/PD-L1, CTLA-4, TIM-3 and LAG-3 immune checkpoint receptor expression in the development of acute graft versus host disease (aGVHD) and disease recurrence after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

The immune checkpoint receptors play a crucial role in managing the transplantation outcome including development of acute graft versus host disease (aGVHD) and disease recurrence following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is well established. This study aimed to investigate the expression of immune checkpoint receptors, including PD-1/PD-L1, CTLA-4, TIM-3, and LAG-3 in donors, as well as changes in their expression during the first 90 days (day 30 and day 90) post-HLA-matched allo-HSCT, concerning the development of aGVHD and disease relapse. Forty-one donor/recipient pairs were included in this study.

Teaching posterior composite restorations: A survey of dental schools in Palestine.

Aim: This study aimed to assess different aspects of teaching posterior composite restorations in two dental schools in Palestine.

Materials And Methods: A questionnaire was emailed to the heads of the operative and conservative dentistry departments to collect detailed information on the teaching practices related to posterior composite restorations. The questionnaire comprised 22 questions structured to collect information on the time dedicated to teaching the topic, competency assessments, future plans for allocating time for each restoration type, relevant indications and contraindications, specific materials and techniques utilized in the application, and fees charged for posterior restorations.

Current trends in placing posterior composite restorations: Perspectives from Palestinian general dentists: A questionnair study.

Aim: The success of composite restorations relies on material selection and practitioner-related factors that shape the overall outcome. This study explores the practices of Palestinian general dental practitioners in placing posterior composites, examining the impact of work sector, experience, and gender on their choices.

Materials And Methods: The study was conducted as an online cross-sectional questionnaire and involved 351 participants, with a response rate of 69.

Abnormal frequency of the memory B cell subsets and plasmablasts in patients with congenital severe hemophilia A: correlation with "Inhibitor" formation.

Background: Development of antibodies against infused Factor VIII (FVIII) or "inhibitors" represents a major challenge following FVIII replacement therapy in patients with hemophilia A (HA). Recent studies have shown that certain cellular compartments of the immune system contribute to the production of such antibodies. Herein, we determined the frequency of class-switched CD19IgDCD27/non-class-switched CD19IgDCD27 memory B cell subsets and CD19CD27CD38 plasmablasts in patients with severe HA and their association with the development of inhibitors in these patients.