Vitamin D Deficiency and Maternal Diseases as Risk Factors for the Development of Macrosomia in Newborns.

The aim is to assess the association between the level of vitamin D, maternal diseases, and macrosomia in newborns. : This study included 258 full-term newborns (86 newborns with macrosomia; and 172 newborns with normal weight). Enzyme immunoassays for the determination of vitamin D were performed.

THE IMPACT OF BIRTH WEIGHT ON INFANT MORTALITY IN KAZAKHSTAN.

Introduction: Recognizing the importance of birth weight is fundamental to addressing public health challenges associated with maternal and child health. Birth weight serves as a critical indicator, offering insights into mortality, stunting, and the development of chronic diseases later in life. This study delves into fertility and infant mortality trends in Kazakhstan, with a specific focus on understanding urban-rural disparities and gender variations in mortality rates.