Morphology does not allow differentiating the species of the Phlebotomus perniciosus complex: Molecular characterization and investigation of their natural infection by Leishmania infantum in Morocco.

Morphological and DNA-based complemented approaches were applied for characterization of sympatric populations of Phlebotomus longicuspis and Phlebotomus perniciosus in Morocco. Both sand fly species are generally recorded in sympatry in North Africa but on few occasions have been molecularly characterized. The diagnostic confusion of these species has led to errors in their geographical distribution and probably, in the assignment of their role in the transmission of L.

Intra and peridomiciliary comparison of density, sex ratio and gonotrophic stage of Phlebotomus sergenti in an active anthroponotic cutaneous leishmaniasis focus in Morocco.

Cutaneous leishmaniasis due to Leishmania tropica represents a major public health problem due to its ability to spread into non-endemic areas by means of its vectors, and the associated dramatic psychosocial impact. The objective of this work was to compare the intra and extradomiciliary density, sex ratio and gonotrophic stage of sand flies from a recent active focus in Morocco. This field study is based on the need to optimize the effectiveness of control programs.

Understanding the factors that determine the emergence of anthroponotic cutaneous leishmaniasis due to Leishmania tropica in Morocco: Density and mitochondrial lineage of Phlebotomus sergenti in endemic and free areas of leishmaniasis.

Anthroponotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL) due to Leishmania tropica is spreading to new areas in Morocco. Exposure to the vector, Phlebotomus sergenti, is the only proven risk factor. Our objective was to compare the densities and genetic characteristics of P.

Seasonal dynamics of phlebotomine sand flies and autochthonous transmission of Leishmania infantum in high-altitude ecosystems in southern Spain.

Leishmaniasis is a vector-borne disease transmitted by sand flies. A dozen species have been involved in the transmission of Leishmania infantum in the Mediterranean region. Climate change may alter sand fly distribution at particular altitudes and latitudes.

Risk factors for the expansion of cutaneous leishmaniasis by Leishmania tropica: Possible implications for control programmes.

Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) caused by Leishmania tropica is emerging in new areas, initially as outbreaks and then establishing endemic foci. There is little evidence of the risk factors and effectiveness of existing control measures, what limits our ability to generalize in different epidemiological settings. The disease is described as anthroponotic; however, zoonotic outbreaks have been reported in some countries.