[Resistance of pathogens of community-acquired urinary tract infections: lessons from Russian multicenter microbiological studies. Part II].

The choice of antimicrobials for the treatment of urinary tract infections (UTIs) is determined by many factors, however, at present, population antibiotic resistance of uropathogens is used as one of the most important criteria. At the same time, there are cases when the clinical efficacy of an antimicrobial drug does not correlate with in vitro activity, in particular, such discordance was found for fosfomycin trometamol. Comparison of data from microbiological studies of UTI pathogens performed at different times is of great practical and scientific interest.

[Resistance of pathogens of community-acquired urinary tract infections: lessons from russian multicenter microbiological studies].

The review describes large-scale microbiological studies performed in Russia over the past 20 years to study urinary tract infections (UTIs). The article analyzes data on the structure of UTI pathogens, as well as on the antibiotic resistance of the main uropathogens, compares the data with similar foreign studies. From 1999 year, 7 large multicenter microbiological studies were carried out in Russia to obtain the data of the antimicrobial resistance of uropathogens caused community-acquired UTIs.

[Insecticidal and immunosuppressive effect of ascomycete Cordyceps militaris on the larvae of the Colorado potato beetle Leptinotarsa decemlineata].

The immunosuppressive and insecticidal activity of cultures of the entomopathogenic fungus Cordyceps militaris on the larvae of the Colorado potato beetle Leptinotarsa decemlineata has been established for the first time. It was found that the peroral effect of the fungal culture resulted in dose-dependent decrease in survival, delayed in development time and molting, decreases in the total hemocyt counts, increased activity of phenoloxidases in the hemolymph, and reduced activity of the enzyme in the cuticle, as well as increased sensitivity of larvae to the fungus Beauveria bassiana at the level of the synergistic effect.

[Characterization of depression-like behavior in prenatally stressed female rats during ovary cycle].

The aim of the present work was a comparative analysis of dynamics of depression-like behavior in prenatally stressed and non-prenatally stressed female rats in the key phases of the ovary cycle. It was found that non-stressed female rats demonstrated high level of depression-like behavior in proestrous phase as compared to the diestrous phase, whereas these rats showed low level of depression-like behavior in estrous phase in Porsolt's test. On the contrary, there were no significant differences in extent of depression-like behavior between prenatally stressed rats in the diestrous and proestrous, although in the phase of estrous in these animals an increase in level of depression-like behavior was noted.

[Gastroprotective properties of mexidol and hypoxen].

Experimental damage in the stomach mucosa of test rats was modeled by acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin-induced ulcerogenesis). The number of ulcers and the total area of erosive injury in the mucous membrane were studied. Prophylactic treatment with mexidol and hypoxen in a daily dose of 50 mg/kg reduces the aspirin-induced damage of stomach mucosa.