[Tissues for the closure of hepatic parenchyma].

The review of literature, dedicated to application of modern materials for the renal parenchyma suturing, including one, based on usage of venous wall and the umbilicus canaliculus vein of man, is adduced. Original method of reflecting fixation using quilting with the help of continuous suture was proposed.

[The participation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in the pathogenesis of acute kidney failure in endotoxemia].

It was found in acute experiments on white rats that injection of Salmonella typhimurium lipopolysaccharide activates renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) and causes oligohydruria form of acute renal failure (ARF). Enalapril, angiotensin-converting enzyme, being injected simultaneously with endotoxin, increases diuresis, glomerular filtration rate, electrolytes excretion and reabsorption by proximal tubules, decreases proteinuria and blood nitrogen-down to the normal. Thus, RAAS takes part in endotoxemia ARF induction and enalapril has protective effect.

[Mechanisms of renal adaptation to disorders of water-electrolyte balance in metabolic acidosis].

The albino rat experiments have demonstrated that despite the type, metabolic acidosis causes an increase in plasma and urinary osmolarity, hyperkalemia and hypernatremia, enhanced urinary excretion of potassium, phosphates, and titrated acids with a tendency for the glomerular filtration rate and urinary pH to be lowered with the increased concentrations of plasma vasopressin and insulin and renal cortical PGE2. Hyperchlorinemic acidosis without increases in the anion difference is accompanied by severe chloremia, natriuresis, chloruresis, ammoniuresis without diuretic changes with the inhibited renin-aldosterone system and progesterone synthesis. Lactate acidosis with a growing anion difference leads to lower diuresis, Na+ and Cl- excretion without enhancing ammonium excretion in the presence of elevated plasma levels of renin, aldosterone, and progesterone.

[The mechanisms of disorders of carbohydrate metabolism in changes to the acid-base balance].

Experiments on white rats found that both chronic acidosis and chronic alkalosis cause fasting hyperglycemia and decreases glucose tolerance. In hypophysectomized animals, alkalosis causes similar effects and acidosis leads to hypoglycemia. Acute acidosis stimulates insulin and corticotropin secretions acute alkalosis reduces blood insulin and corticotropin levels and increases glucagon concentration.

[Endocrine regulation of chlorine ion transport in rat kidneys].

Eighty-five intact, adrenalectomized and hypophysectomized white male rats fed low-caloric diets were used in experiments. Hormonal effects on urinary excretion of chlorides and sodium were studied in hyperhydration conditions; these hormones' levels are elevated in metabolic acidosis. Experiments have demonstrated that corticotropin in intact animals and hydrocortisone in hypophysectomized ones increased chlorine ions elimination without increasing sodium withdrawal.