Publications by authors named "N A Cunliffe"
Article Synopsis
- The Rotarix® vaccine was introduced in Malawi's national immunization program in October 2012, and a study analyzed data on children under 5 with acute gastroenteritis from January 2012 to June 2022, comparing it to pre-vaccination data from 1997 to 2009.
- Post-vaccine introduction, there was a significant decline in cases of rotavirus-associated gastroenteritis (RVGE), with vaccine coverage exceeding 90% by mid-2014 but dropping during the COVID-19 pandemic before rebounding.
- The estimated overall vaccine effectiveness was modest at 36.0%, peaking in 2014 and being highest among infants at 52.5%, demonstrating the need
Article Synopsis
- Researchers have identified the first two enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) genomes from Malawi, isolated in 2014.
- These genomes were taken from the feces of children who were infected but did not show symptoms.
- The genomes contain a version of the heat-labile toxin found in pigs, but lack any recognized ETEC colonization factors.
High titres of rotavirus-specific maternal antibodies may contribute to lower rotavirus vaccine efficacy in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). RV3-BB vaccine (G3P[6]) is based on a neonatal rotavirus strain that replicates well in the newborn gut in the presence of breast milk. This study investigated the association between maternal serum antibodies and vaccine response in infants administered the RV3-BB vaccine.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- - MERS-CoV, with a high mortality rate, causes severe respiratory illness, highlighting the urgent need for effective therapeutic vaccines against the virus.
- - This review analyzes immune responses in the upper and lower respiratory tracts to MERS-CoV, focusing on key players such as macrophages, T cells, and B cells that produce antiviral substances to combat infection.
- - While innate and adaptive immune systems show potential to control MERS-CoV, research on human mucosal immune responses is limited due to the lack of relevant tissue studies, indicating a need for deeper investigation.
Article Synopsis
- * The outbreak was primarily caused by the ST69 strain (7PET lineage) displaying mainly the O1 Ogawa serotype, with minor presence of other serotypes, indicating a recent importation from Asia.
- * Genetic analysis revealed that the outbreak strains carried specific antimicrobial resistance and virulence traits that contributed to the severity of the outbreak, highlighting the connection between the cyclones and the introduction of new cholera strains.