Effect of Substitutional Oxygen on Properties of Ti C T MXene Produced Using Recycled TiO Source.

MXenes are an emerging class of 2D materials with unique properties including metallic conductivity, mechanical flexibility, and surface tunability, which ensure their utility for diverse applications. However, the synthesis of MXenes with high crystallinity and atomic stoichiometry in a low-cost process is still challenging because of the difficulty in controlling the oxygen substitute in the precursors and final products of MXenes, which limits their academic understanding and practical applications. Here, a novel cost-effective method is reported to synthesize a highly crystalline and stoichiometric Ti C T MXene with minimum substitutional oxygen impurities by controlling the amount of excess carbon and time of high-energy milling in carbothermal reduction of recycled TiO source.

Corrosion Protection Oxide Scale Formed on Surface of Fe-Ni-M (M = Al, Cr, Cu) Inert Anode for Molten Salt Electrolysis.

An oxide scale formed on the surface of metal anodes is crucial for determining the overall quality of molten salt electrolysis (MSE), particularly for the durability of the anode materials. However, the material properties of oxide scales are yet to be revealed, particularly in ternary spinel oxide phases. Therefore, we investigate the mechanical and thermal properties of spinel oxides via first-principles calculations.

Arteriovenous fistula patency associated with angiotensin-converting enzyme I/D polymorphism and ACE inhibition or AT1 receptor blockade.

Background: Compromise of arteriovenous fistula (AVF) patency is caused by venous intimal hyperplasia. Many studies indicated that the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system plays an important role in the development of intimal hyperplasia. Here we determined whether angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) I/D polymorphism is an independent prognostic factor for AVF patency in hemodialysis (HD) patients.

Bloodletting-induced cardiomyopathy: reversible cardiac hypertrophy in severe chronic anaemia from long-term bloodletting with cupping.

Cardiac hypertrophy in a patient with severe iron deficiency anaemia associated with long-term bloodletting using cupping, called 'puhang' in oriental medicine, is discussed using chest electrocardiographic and radiographic images. With iron supply, the patient showed remarkable improvement of cardiomegaly, which is a unique feature of chronic severe iron deficiency anaemia.

Fanconi's syndrome and subsequent progressive renal failure caused by a Chinese herb containing aristolochic acid.

Chinese herb nephropathy contains a variety of clinical features of progressive renal failure (indicated by studies conducted in Belgium) to the variant type of Fanconi's syndrome. Fanconi's syndrome has mostly been reported in Asian countries, and is characterized by proximal tubular dysfunction and slower progression to end-stage renal disease (ESRD); it also often revealed a reversible clinical course. We describe a 43-year-old woman who presented with polyuria and polydipsia caused by Fanconi's syndrome.

Identification of novel mutations in Na-Cl cotransporter gene in a Korean patient with atypical Gitelman's syndrome.

The authors report the case of a 20-year-old man with unexplained hypokalemia and metabolic alkalosis suggesting hypokalemic tubulopathy. Interestingly, he showed a mixed phenotype of Gitelman's syndrome (GS) and Bartter's syndrome, which includes normomagnesemia, normal renal magnesium excretion, and hypocalciuria. Renal clearance study showed the presence of a critical defect in the distal nephron rather than loop of Henle.