Comparative Analysis of M4CXR, an LLM-Based Chest X-Ray Report Generation Model, and ChatGPT in Radiological Interpretation.

This study investigated the diagnostic capabilities of two AI-based tools, M4CXR (research-only version) and ChatGPT-4o, in chest X-ray interpretation. M4CXR is a specialized cloud-based system using advanced large language models (LLMs) for generating comprehensive radiology reports, while ChatGPT, built on the GPT-4 architecture, offers potential in settings with limited radiological expertise. This study evaluated 826 anonymized chest X-ray images from Inha University Hospital.

Automated Diagnosis of Knee Osteoarthritis Using ResNet101 on a DEEP:PHI: Leveraging a No-Code AI Platform for Efficient and Accurate Medical Image Analysis.

Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent degenerative joint disease significantly impacting global health. Early and accurate diagnosis is crucial for effective management, but traditional methods often rely on subjective assessments. This study evaluates the efficacy of a deep learning model implemented through a no-code AI platform for diagnosing and grading knee OA from plain radiographs.

Comparison of Small-Sized (70-150 μm) and Intermediate-Sized (100-300 μm) Drug-Eluting Embolics for Transarterial Chemoembolization of Small Hepatocellular Carcinomas (≤3 cm).

Purpose: To compare oncologic outcomes of transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) using 70-150-μm and 100-300-μm drug-eluting embolics (DEEs) to treat small hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study included 93 patients with small HCC (≤3 cm) who underwent their first TACE with DEEs: (a) 43 with 70-150-μm DEEs and (b) 50 with 100-300-μm DEEs. Initial tumor response was assessed using per-patient and per-lesion analyses.

White matter tract density index is associated with disability in multiple sclerosis.

Background: The association between common neuroradiological markers of multiple sclerosis (MS) and clinical disability is weak. Given that the disability in patients with MS may depend on the underlying structural connectivity of the brain, our study aimed to examine the association between white matter tracts affected by MS and the patients' disability using a new tract density index (TDI).

Method: This study included 53 patients diagnosed with MS, examined between 2019 and 2020.

Anatomical Variations Encountered during Adrenal Venous Sampling: A Report of Three Case Series and Review of Literature.

Primary aldosteronism is a group of disorders in which the autonomous secretion of aldosterone is associated with hypertension and hypokalemia. It is crucial to determine the laterality of aldosterone hypersecretion because treatment options differ accordingly. Adrenal venous sampling (AVS) is considered the most reliable method for assessing the laterality of primary aldosteronism.

[Adrenal Vein Sampling in Primary Aldosteronism: A Pictorial Essay for Optimal Left-Side Sampling].

Primary aldosteronism (PA) is a curable cause of hypertension. Recent studies have revealed that the actual prevalence of PA is higher than previously recognized. Adrenal vein sampling (AVS) is an essential diagnostic procedure for revealing the cause of PA and determining the treatment plan.

Evaluation of Pretreatment Albumin-Bilirubin Grade as a Better Prognostic Factor Compared to Child-Pugh Classification in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma Receiving Transarterial Chemoembolization Combined with Radiotherapy.

This study assessed the use of pretreatment albumin--bilirubin (ALBI) grade as a prognostic factor in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) receiving combined transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) and radiotherapy (RT). Patients who underwent RT following TACE between January 2011 and December 2020 were analyzed retrospectively. The survival outcomes of patients in regard to the ALBI grade and Child-Pugh (C-P) classification were evaluated.

Aponeurotic expansion of the supraspinatus tendon and concomitant shoulder pathologies.

Objectives: We investigated the correlation of aponeurotic expansion of the supraspinatus tendon (AESST) with shoulder pathologies such as long head of biceps tendon (LHB), supraspinatus tendon (SST), and subscapularis tendon (SSc).

Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 47 healthy patients and 163 patients with shoulder symptoms from August 2014 to March 2021. First, the presence of AESST was evaluated based on Moser et al.

Risk factors for stent occlusion after catheter-directed thrombolysis and iliac vein stenting in the treatment of May-Thurner syndrome with iliofemoral deep vein thrombosis: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: This study aimed to identify the risk factors for stent occlusion in patients with iliofemoral deep vein thrombosis (DVT) secondary to May-Thurner syndrome (MTS) who underwent catheter-directed thrombolysis (CDT) and iliac vein stenting.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on 44 patients who underwent CDT and iliac vein stenting for MTS with iliofemoral DVT between October 2001 and March 2018. MTS was diagnosed based on extrinsic compression of the left common iliac vein (CIV) by the overlying right common iliac artery (CIA) on computed tomography (CT).

Performance of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) renal arteriography for renal tumor embolization.

Objectives: To evaluate tumor feeders, image quality, and performance of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) renal arteriography for renal tumor embolization.

Methods: Fifty-four patients with renal tumors were included in this study. The performance of CBCT renal arteriography was classified into three groups: group A, all tumor feeders could be confirmed solely based on the CBCT maximum intensity projection (MIP); group B, all feeders were detected in CBCT MIP, but there were some possible feeders which needed to be confirmed with selective digital subtraction angiography (DSA); and group C, tumor feeders were not detected in CBCT MIP, hence, the feeder was detected based on selective DSA.

Sonographic and elastographic findings after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair: a comparison with clinical results.

Objective: We assessed the relationship between early postoperative clinical outcomes of arthroscopic rotator cuff repair (ARCR) and observations obtained by postsurgical ultrasound (US) and strain elastography (SE) of repaired supraspinatus tendons (SSTs).

Methods: This retrospective study included 42 cases in which the patient underwent ARCR followed by postoperative US and SE. The Korean Shoulder Scoring (KSS) system was used to assess preoperative and postoperative conditions.

The reproducibility of shear wave and strain elastography in epidermal cysts.

Purpose: This study evaluated epidermal cyst elasticity using multiple parameters of strain elastography (SE) and shear wave elastography (SWE) and assessed the reproducibility of each parameter.

Methods: This retrospective study included 73 patients with epidermal cysts who underwent SE and SWE. SE scores were classified as 1-4 according to elasticity.

Ultrasonographic and strain elastographic features of epidermal cyst according to body location.

Background: There are not many studies on the differences of ultrasound (US) findings between epidermal cysts (ECs) located in the trunk and those in the extremities.

Purpose: To compare the sonographic findings of ECs according to location in the body (trunk vs. extremity) and evaluated the feasibility of strain elastography (SE).

Cyclops lesions associated with both bundles and selective bundle repair of the anterior cruciate ligament.

Background: The remnant of a ruptured anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) can increase the risk of impingement or a cyclops lesion, which can increase challenges to proper tunnel placement.

Purpose: To evaluate the prevalence of cyclops lesions after ACL reconstruction and to assess the difference in the incidence of cyclops lesions between single-bundle repair and selective bundle repair of the ACL.

Material And Methods: This retrospective study included 151 patients who were diagnosed with an ACL tear after knee joint magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) who underwent ACL reconstruction surgery.

Virtual non-contrast images from dual-energy CT angiography of the abdominal aorta and femoral arteries: comparison with true non-contrast CT images.

Objectives: To assess whether virtual non-contrast (VNC) computed tomography (CT) images acquired from dual-energy CT (DECT) have sufficient image quality to replace true non-contrast (TNC) CT images in CT angiography (CTAG).

Methods: This study enrolled 63 consecutive patients who underwent a CTAG that included a single-energy non-contrast scan, followed by a post-contrast DECT scan. Comparison of attenuation and noise between TNC and VNC images was made by drawing circular regions of interest (ROI) on a picture archiving and communication system (PACS) workstation within the aortic lumen at the levels of the renal arteries, the aortic bifurcation and right femoral artery.

Clinical outcomes and prognostic factors of cone-beam CT-guided radiofrequency ablation for pulmonary metastases in colorectal cancer patients.

Aim: Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) has been increasingly used for the treatment of pulmonary metastases in various malignancies.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed to establish the safety and efficacy of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT)-guided RFA in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer between 2016 and 2019, and the prognostic factors of local tumor control were assessed.

Results: A total of 31 patients with colorectal cancer underwent 48 sessions of lung RFA.

Attachment Type, Thickness, and Volume of the Posterior Meniscofemoral Ligament and Meniscal Pathology.

Several studies have investigated the relationship between the thickness of the posterior meniscofemoral ligament (pMFL) and the presence of a discoid meniscus. We investigated the correlation between meniscal pathology and anatomic features of pMFL such as attachment type, thickness, and volume. We retrospectively evaluated 191 patients who underwent knee MRI.

Comparison of Clinical Efficacy and Safety between 70-150 µm and 100-300 µm Doxorubicin Drug-Eluting Bead Transarterial Chemoembolization for Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Background: This study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of 70-150 μm doxorubicin drug-eluting bead (DEB) transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) with those of 100-300 μm DEB-TACE as first-line treatment in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Methods: We retrospectively investigated 72 patients who underwent TACE with 70-150 μm DEBs ( = 40) or 100-300 μm DEBs ( = 32) for HCC in a tertiary center between March 2013 and May 2019. Initial treatment response and adverse events were assessed using the modified Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors and the National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 5.

Protruding anterior medial meniscus and posterior tibial translation as secondary signs of complete and partial posterior cruciate ligament tear.

Objective: To evaluate whether measurement of protruding anterior meniscus in the medial compartment (PAMM) and posterior tibial translation (PTT) can be used as a secondary sign of posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) tear for differential diagnosis of partial or complete tear.

Methods: 21 cases with complete PCL tear, 35 cases with partial PCL tear, and 55 normal cases were reviewed in this retrospective study. PTT and PAMM were measured from the MR images associated with each case.

Hyperattenuations on flat-panel computed tomography after successful recanalization of mechanical thrombectomy for anterior circulation occlusion.

Background: To evaluate intraparenchymal hyperattenuation (IPH) on flat-panel computed tomography (FPCT) findings and their clinical usefulness for predicting prognosis after successful mechanical thrombectomy (MT) for acute occlusion of anterior circulation.

Methods: A retrospective review was conducted for 158 consecutive patients undergoing mechanical thrombectomy during the last six years. After excluding those with posterior circulation occlusion or incomplete recanalization and those without FPCT, 82 patients were finally included.

Prevalence of anterolateral ligament injuries and lateral meniscus tear on MR imaging in patients with both-bundle tear vs. selective bundle incomplete tear of the anterior cruciate ligament.

Objectives: We investigated the prevalence of anterolateral ligament (ALL) injury and lateral meniscus (LM) tear in cases with both-bundle tear and selective bundle incomplete tear of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL).

Methods: A total of 174 cases of magnetic resonance (MR) images that had an ACL tear and underwent arthroscopic ACL reconstruction were retrospectively reviewed. ACL injury was classified into both bundle, anteromedial bundle, and posterolateral bundle (PL) on arthroscopic finding.

Intra- and extra-capsular ganglia at the gastrocnemius origin and association with meniscal tears and severity of osteoarthritis of the knee joint.

Background: The association between size of ganglia or type of ganglia (intra-articular or extra-articular) and meniscal tears or severity of the osteoarthritis (OA) is not evaluated.

Purpose: To evaluate the prevalence, size, and location of intra- and extra-capsular ganglia at the gastrocnemius origin and to assess their associations with meniscal injury and grades of OA.

Material And Methods: This study included 301 consecutive patients who had knee pain and had undergone magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the knee.

Postsurgical status of articular cartilage after arthroscopic posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction in patients with or without concomitant meniscal pathology.

Purpose: Several factors present at the time of posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (PCLR) may cause the subsequent progression of articular cartilage lesions. This study aimed to evaluate postsurgical articular cartilage lesions which can be seen on MRI in patients who underwent arthroscopic PCLR with or without concomitant meniscal pathology.

Material And Methods: A total of sixty-five patients (mean age 35.

Usefulness of strain elastography in the differential diagnosis of ruptured epidermal cyst and superficial abscess.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of strain elastography (SE) in the differential diagnosis of ruptured epidermal cyst and superficial abscess.

Methods: This retrospective study included 34 patients with ruptured epidermal cysts and 17 patients with superficial abscesses who underwent ultrasonography (US) including SE. The SE characteristics were classified into four grades (1 to 4) according to elasticity.