Association between osteoporosis and the rate of telomere shortening.

A shorter leukocyte telomere length (LTL) is reported to be associated with age-related diseases, including osteoporosis. Many studies have tried identifying the association between LTL and osteoporosis, although it remains controversial. This study aimed to determine whether osteoporosis is independently associated with LTL shortening in a prospective longitudinal cohort.

Coil embolization of the middle cerebral artery bifurcation aneurysms: Feasibility and durability.

Objective: To evaluate the feasibility and durability of coil embolization for MCAB aneurysms by analyzing clinical and radiological results.

Methods: From January of 2008 to June of 2018, we treated a total of 1785 aneurysms using coil embolization. The aneurysms were treated by both coiling and stent-assisted coiling.

Identification of predictive factors for better outcomes in LINAC-based radiation treatment for cerebral cavernous malformation.

The effectiveness of radiation therapy in the treatment of cerebral cavernous malformations (CCM) remains debatable. However, numerous studies have shown a reduction in hemorrhage risk following radiotherapy for CCM. Therefore, herein, we share our experiences utilizing linear accelerator (LINAC)-based radiation for treating CCMs, with the aim of identifying the key factors influencing the therapeutic outcomes.

Stroke recurrence and osteoporotic conditions in postmenopausal patients with atherosclerotic ischemic stroke.

Recurrence after stroke is common, and associated with a high mortality rate. Degradation of the elastic tissue in the arterial wall has been shown to aggravate atherosclerosis in blood vessels. Considering that type 1 collagen is present in both bone and vascular smooth muscle cells, we explored whether osteoporotic conditions affect the likelihood of stroke recurrence in postmenopausal women following atherosclerotic ischemic stroke.

Significant Genes Associated with Mortality and Disease Progression in Grade II and III Glioma.

Background: The Wnt/β-catenin pathway plays a critical role in the tumorigenesis and maintenance of glioma stem cells. This study aimed to evaluate significant genes associated with the Wnt/β-catenin pathway involved in mortality and disease progression in patients with grade II and III glioma, using the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database.

Methods: We obtained clinicopathological information and mRNA expression data from 515 patients with grade II and III gliomas from the TCGA database.

GV1001 reduces neurodegeneration and prolongs lifespan in 3xTg-AD mouse model through anti-aging effects.

GV1001, which mimics the activity of human telomerase reverse transcriptase, protects neural cells from amyloid beta (Aβ) toxicity and other stressors through extra-telomeric function, as noted in our prior studies. As per a recent phase II clinical trial, it improves cognitive function in patients with moderate to severe dementia. However, the underlying protective mechanisms remain unclear.

The genes significantly associated with an improved prognosis and long-term survival of glioblastoma.

Background And Purpose: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most devastating brain tumor with less than 5% of patients surviving 5 years following diagnosis. Many studies have focused on the genetics of GBM with the aim of improving the prognosis of GBM patients. We investigated specific genes whose expressions are significantly related to both the length of the overall survival and the progression-free survival in patients with GBM.

GV1001 modulates neuroinflammation and improves memory and behavior through the activation of gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptors in a triple transgenic Alzheimer's disease mouse model.

GV1001 protects neural cells from amyloid-β (Aβ) toxicity and other stressors in in vitro studies and demonstrates clinically beneficial effects in patients with moderate to severe Alzheimer's disease (AD). Here, we investigated the protective effects and mechanism of action of GV1001 in triple transgenic AD (3xTg-AD) mice. We found that GV1001 improved memory and cognition in middle- and old-aged 3xTg-AD mice.

Changes in Disc Height as a Prognostic Factor in Patients Undergoing Microscopic Discectomy.

Objective: Some patients with disc herniation who underwent discectomy complain of back pain after surgery and are unsatisfied with the surgical results. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between preoperative disc height (DH), postoperative DH, and pain score 12 months after surgery in patients who underwent microdiscectomy for herniated lumbar disc.

Methods: This study enrolled patients who underwent microdiscectomy at a medical center between January 2012 and December 2020.

Risk Factors for Prevertebral Soft Tissue Swelling Following Single-Level Anterior Cervical Spine Surgery.

Objective: Anterior cervical spine surgery (ACSS) is a common surgical procedure used to treat cervical spinal degenerative diseases. One of the complications associated with ACSS is prevertebral soft tissue swelling (PSTS), which can result in airway obstruction, dysphagia, and other adverse outcomes. This study aims to investigate the correlation between various cervical sagittal parameters and PSTS following single-level ACSS, as well as to identify independent risk factors for PSTS.

DKK3 expression is associated with immunosuppression and poor prognosis in glioblastoma, in contrast to lower-grade gliomas.

Purpose: We previously reported that expression of dickkopf-3 (DKK3), which is involved in the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, is significantly associated with prognosis in patients with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). The aim of this study was to compare the association of DKK3 with other Wnt/β-catenin pathway-related genes and immune responses between lower grade glioma (LGG) and GBM.

Methods: We obtained the clinicopathological data of 515 patients with LGG (World Health Organization [WHO] grade II and III glioma) and 525 patients with GBM from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database.

Predicting cognitive stage transition using p-tau181, Centiloid, and other measures.

Background: A combination of plasma phospho-tau (p-tau), amyloid beta (Aβ)-positron emission tomography (PET), brain magnetic resonance imaging, cognitive function tests, and other biomarkers might predict future cognitive decline. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of combining these biomarkers in predicting future cognitive stage transitions within 3 years.

Methods: Among the participants in the Korean Brain Aging Study for the Early Diagnosis and Prediction of Alzheimer's Disease (KBASE-V) study, 49 mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and 113 cognitively unimpaired (CU) participants with Aβ-PET and brain imaging data were analyzed.

Relationship between telomere shortening and early subjective depressive symptoms and cognitive complaints in older adults.

Telomere length (TL) has been reported to be associated with depression and cognitive impairment in elderly. Early detection of depression and cognitive impairment is important to delay disease progression. Therefore, we aimed to identify whether TL is associated with early subjective depressive symptoms and cognitive complaints among healthy elderly subjects.

Identification of genes from ten oncogenic pathways associated with mortality and disease progression in glioblastoma.

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most malignant brain tumor with an extremely poor prognosis. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database has been used to confirm the roles played by 10 canonical oncogenic signaling pathways in various cancers. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the expression of genes in these 10 canonical oncogenic signaling pathways, which are significantly related to mortality and disease progression in GBM patients.

High DKK3 expression related to immunosuppression was associated with poor prognosis in glioblastoma: machine learning approach.

Background: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is an aggressive malignant primary brain tumor. Wnt/β-catenin is known to be related to GBM stemness. Cancer stem cells induce immunosuppressive and treatment resistance in GBM.

Efficacy of Cytokine-Induced Killer Cell Immunotherapy for Patients With Pathologically Pure Glioblastoma.

The most common malignant central nervous system tumor is glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). Cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cell therapy is a promising type of adoptive cell immunotherapy for various cancers. We previously conducted a randomized clinical trial on CIK cell therapy in patients with GBM.

Association between sleep parameters and longitudinal shortening of telomere length.

Background: The relationship between sleep parameters and longitudinal shortening of telomere length is unclear. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between sleep parameters and the shortening of leukocyte telomere length (LTL) over a year.

Methods: Among the participants in the validation cohort of the Korea Brain Aging Study for the Early Diagnosis and Prediction of Alzheimer's Disease, participants who measured both baseline and follow-up (two years later) of LTL were analyzed.

Current Immunotherapeutic Approaches for Malignant Gliomas.

Glioblastoma is the most common malignant central nervous system (CNS) tumor (48.3%), with a median survival of only about 14.6 months.

The Osteoporotic Condition as a Predictive Factor for Hemorrhagic Transformation in Acute Cardioembolic Stroke.

Objective: Hemorrhagic transformation (HT) can be occurred after acute cerebral infarction. HT can worse symptoms in severe cases and adversely affect long-term prognosis. As bone and vascular smooth muscle are composed of type 1 collagen, we aimed to identify a potential relationship between bone mineral density (BMD) and HT after acute cardioembolic stroke.

Effect of osteoporotic conditions on the development of peritumoral brain edema after LINAC-based radiation treatment in patients with intracranial meningioma.

Purpose: Disruption of the tumor-brain barrier in meningioma is a crucial factor in peritumoral brain edema (PTBE). We previously reported the possible effect of osteoporosis on the integrity of the arachnoid trabeculae because both the bone and the arachnoid trabeculae are composed of type 1 collagen. We hypothesized that osteoporotic conditions may be associated with PTBE occurrence after radiation treatment in patients with meningioma.

Effect of Possible Osteoporosis on Parenchymal-Type Hemorrhagic Transformation in Patients with Cardioembolic Stroke.

Background: hemorrhagic transformation (HT) is a frequent complication of ischemic stroke, and parenchymal hematoma (PH)-type HT has been shown to correlate with symptomatic deterioration. Because both bone and vascular smooth muscle cells are composed of type 1 collagen, we hypothesized that the integrity of blood vessels around the infarction area might be more damaged in osteoporotic conditions after a cardioembolic stroke.

Methods: we measured frontal skull Hounsfield unit (HU) values on brain CT images from cardioembolic stroke patients.

Association between tumor size and peritumoral brain edema in patients with convexity and parasagittal meningiomas.

Background And Purpose: Peritumoral brain edema (PTBE) is a common complication in meningioma and disruption of the tumor-brain barrier in meningioma is crucial for PTBE formation. To evaluate the association between meningioma size and PTBE, we measured meningioma volumes using the 3D slicer in patients with convexity and parasagittal meningiomas.

Methods: Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to determine the optimal cut-off meningioma volume values for predicting PTBE occurrence.

The Korean Society for Neuro-Oncology (KSNO) Guideline for Antiepileptic Drug Usage of Brain Tumor: Version 2021.1.

Background: To date, there has been no practical guidelines for the prescription of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) in brain tumor patients in Korea. Thus, the Korean Society for Neuro-Oncology (KSNO), a multidisciplinary academic society, had begun preparing guidelines for AED usage in brain tumors since 2019.

Methods: The Working Group was composed of 27 multidisciplinary medical experts in Korea.

The Korean Society for Neuro-Oncology (KSNO) Guideline for Adult Diffuse Midline Glioma: Version 2021.1.

Background: There have been no guidelines for the management of adult patients with diffuse midline glioma (DMG), H3K27M-mutant in Korea since the 2016 revised WHO classification newly defined this disease entity. Thus, the Korean Society for Neuro-Oncology (KSNO), a multidisciplinary academic society, had begun preparing guidelines for DMG since 2019.

Methods: The Working Group was composed of 27 multidisciplinary medical experts in Korea.