Impact of Mass Screening Using Chest X-Ray on Mortality Reduction and Treatment Adherence Among Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients.

Background: Evaluate the impact of chest X-ray (CXR) screening on mortality and treatment adherence by comparing pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) cases detected through screening and those routinely diagnosed at healthcare facilities.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of 10% randomly sampled National Health Insurance Service claims data assessed PTB cases diagnosed during 2004-2020. Patients were categorized as 'screening-detected (ACF, active case finding)' or 'routinely detected (PCF, passive case finding)' based on CXR screening history.

Importance of younger age group and high inflammatory status in the association between periodontal disease and diabetes mellitus.

Objectives: Although previous studies have demonstrated an association between periodontal disease (PD) and diabetes mellitus (DM), the influence of age and the mediating role of inflammation have seldom been explored. This study investigated this association while considering the modifying effects of age and inflammatory status.

Methods: This study included 29,491 participants from the 2012-2018 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.

Diabetes and gastric cancer incidence and mortality in the Asia Cohort Consortium: A pooled analysis of more than a half million participants.

Background: Evidence suggests a possible link between diabetes and gastric cancer risk, but the findings remain inconclusive, with limited studies in the Asian population. We aimed to assess the impact of diabetes and diabetes duration on the development of gastric cancer overall, by anatomical and histological subtypes.

Methods: A pooled analysis was conducted using 12 prospective studies included in the Asia Cohort Consortium.

Lung Cancer Risk Prediction Models for Asian Ever-Smokers.

Introduction: Although lung cancer prediction models are widely used to support risk-based screening, their performance outside Western populations remains uncertain. This study aims to evaluate the performance of 11 existing risk prediction models in multiple Asian populations and to refit prediction models for Asians.

Methods: In a pooled analysis of 186,458 Asian ever-smokers from 19 prospective cohorts, we assessed calibration (expected-to-observed ratio) and discrimination (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [AUC]) for each model.

Associations of fasting glucose and glycated hemoglobin with vitamin D levels according to diabetes mellitus status in Korean adults.

Objectives: According to previous studies, vitamin D deficiency might increase the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). However, few studies have examined whether vitamin D continues to affect glucose control after DM diagnosis. Therefore, we examined the association between vitamin D and glucose levels in individuals with and without DM.

Coffee and tea consumption and mortality from all causes, cardiovascular disease and cancer: a pooled analysis of prospective studies from the Asia Cohort Consortium.

Background: Accumulating evidence suggests that consuming coffee may lower the risk of death, but evidence regarding tea consumption in Asians is limited. We examined the association between coffee and tea consumption and mortality in Asian populations.

Methods: We used data from 12 prospective cohort studies including 248 050 men and 280 454 women from the Asia Cohort Consortium conducted in China, Japan, Korea and Singapore.

Increased risk of depression before and after unilateral or bilateral oophorectomy: A self-controlled case series study using a nationwide cohort in South Korea.

Background: There is insufficient evidence of the association between oophorectomy and depression.

Methods: A nationwide medical records database of South Korea was used to investigate incidence rate ratios (IRRs) of major depressive disorder before and after oophorectomy (n = 36,284) using a self-controlled case series design. Outcomes before and after hysterectomy (n = 25,415) were identified to compare with those around oophorectomy.

Quantifying the association of low-intensity and late initiation of tobacco smoking with total and cause-specific mortality in Asia.

Background: Little is known about the health harms associated with low-intensity smoking in Asians who, on average, smoke fewer cigarettes and start smoking at a later age than their Western counterparts.

Methods: In this pooled analysis of 738 013 Asians from 16 prospective cohorts, we quantified the associations of low-intensity (<5 cigarettes/day) and late initiation (≥35 years) of smoking with mortality outcomes. HRs and 95% CIs were estimated for each cohort by Cox regression.

Predictive factors of diagnostic conversion from major depressive disorder to bipolar disorder in young adults ages 19-34: A nationwide population study in South Korea.

Background: Predicting patients who convert to bipolar disorder is important for deciding appropriate treatment for young adults with major depressive disorder (MDD). We focused on the predictive factors of bipolar conversion in a large population of young adults.

Methods: A nationwide, population-based electronic medical records database from the Health Insurance Review & Assessment service of South was used to investigate adjusted hazard ratio (HR) of each potential predictor of the bipolar converter group compared to the non-converter group using Cox regression analysis including age of onset, medication use, clinical features, comorbid disorders, admission, self-harm, and negative life events in childhood.

Gastric Complications after Adjuvant Radiotherapy for Breast Cancer.

Purpose: In some patients who receive adjuvant radiotherapy (RT) for the left breast, the stomach is located inside the RT field. This study investigates the incidence of gastric complications following adjuvant RT for breast cancer using data of the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service in South Korea.

Methods: We identified 37,966 women who underwent surgery and received adjuvant RT for breast cancer.

Association between educational level and total and cause-specific mortality: a pooled analysis of over 694 000 individuals in the Asia Cohort Consortium.

Objective: To study the association of educational level and risk of death from all causes, cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cancer among Asian populations.

Design: A pooled analysis of 15 population-based cohort studies.

Setting And Participants: 694 434 Asian individuals from 15 prospective cohorts within the Asia Cohort Consortium.

Increased Morbidity of Major Depressive Disorder After Thyroidectomy: A Nationwide Population-Based Study in South Korea.

The number of thyroidectomies in South Korea has been increasing rapidly due to extensive checkups for thyroid cancer. However, few studies have examined the association between thyroidectomy and major depressive disorder (MDD). We investigated the association between thyroidectomy and the risk of MDD.