Adverse effects of meteorological factors and air pollutants on dry eye disease: a hospital-based retrospective cohort study.

Although previous studies have suggested that meteorological factors and air pollutants can cause dry eye disease (DED), few clinical cohort studies have determined the individual and combined effects of these factors on DED. We investigated the effects of meteorological factors (humidity and temperature) and air pollutants [particles with a diameter ≤ 2.5 m (PM), ozone (O), nitrogen dioxide (NO), and carbon monoxide (CO)] on DED.

Quantification of choroidal hyperreflective layer: A swept-source optical coherence tomography study.

Purpose: To investigate variation in reflectivity of choroidal layers in normal eyes.

Methods: From the swept-source optical coherence tomography database, we retrospectively included eyes with a normal fundus. Choroidal reflectivity was measured on the horizontal and vertical B-scan optical coherence tomography images.

A Comprehensive Analysis of the Influence of Temperature and Humidity on Dry Eye Disease.

Purpose: To investigate the effects of humidity and temperature on dry eye disease (DED).

Methods: A retrospective, clinic-based study was conducted on DED patients undergoing dry eye treatment. Patients were followed up at least twice, and symptoms and signs were evaluated using the Symptoms Assessment Questionnaire in Dry Eye (SANDE) score, tear secretion, tear film breakup time (TBUT), ocular staining score, and tear osmolarity.

Comparison of Corneal Epithelial Wound Healing between Topical RCI001, Solcoseryl, and Polydeoxyribonucleotide in the Murine Ocular Alkali Burn Model.

Purpose: To compare the corneal epithelial wound healing effects of RCI001, Solcoseryl, and polydeoxyribonucleotide (PDRN) in a rat alkali burn model.

Methods: In 40 male Sprague-Dawley rats, we induced alkali burn using filter paper soaked in 0.2N sodium hydroxide.

Bidirectional Dimples After Internal Limiting Membrane Peeling for a Macular Hole.

Purpose: To investigate microstructural changes and prognosis associated with retinal surface dimples after internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling for macular holes (MHs).

Methods: We analyzed swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) images of patients who underwent surgery for idiopathic MHs. The inner retinal dimples on SS-OCT images were classified into three types: unidirectional, bidirectional, and complicated bidirectional dimples.

Relationship between blood pressure levels and ischemic stroke, myocardial infarction, and mortality in very elderly patients taking antihypertensives: a nationwide population-based cohort study.

Background: In the very elderly, "the lower the better" hypothesis has constantly been contradicted by randomized control trials and various cohort studies, but inconsistency in results led to unclear blood pressure treatment targets. This study aimed to assess the relationship between baseline blood pressure (BP) and ischemic stroke, myocardial infarction, and all-cause mortality in very elderly people treated for hypertension.

Methods: This large population-based retrospective cohort study was based on the national claims database of the Korean National Health Insurance System, which covers the entire Korean population.

Multiplexed Cassegrain Reflector Antenna for Simultaneous Generation of Three Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM) Modes.

A multiplexed Cassegrain reflector antenna with a 2 × 2 open-ended rectangular waveguide (OERW) matrix feed and an orbital angular momentum (OAM) mode mux is proposed for the simultaneous generation of three OAM modes (l = 0, ±1). The OAM mode mux (OMM) was designed using sequential combinations of quadrature hybrids, crossovers, and phase shifters to multiplex and demultiplex three OAM modes at the same time. The 2 × 2 OERW matrix feed and the OMM were separately measured and their performances were verified according to proposed theories.