Home-Based Remote Rehabilitation Leads to Superior Outcomes for Older Women With Knee Osteoarthritis: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objectives: To examine the effects of a home-based lower-extremity strengthening exercise program in community-dwelling older women with knee osteoarthritis.

Design: Randomized controlled trial.

Setting And Participants: Women aged ≥60 years with knee osteoarthritis and Kellgren-Lawrence grade 1 or 2 on anteroposterior/lateral radiographs of both knee joints.

Postoperative HbA1c Level as a Predictor of Rotator Cuff Integrity After Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes.

Background: In patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), preoperative glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) is associated with outcomes after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair (ARCR); however, the relationship between outcomes and postoperative serum glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) after ARCR has not been investigated.

Purpose: To evaluate outcomes after ARCR in patients (1) with and without DM and (2) with DM according to their pre- and postoperative HbA1c levels.

Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3.

Stem cell sheet interpositioned between the tendon and bone would be better for healing than stem cell sheet overlaid above the tendon-to-bone junction in rotator cuff repair of rats.

Background: Although stem cells might enhance natural enthesis healing in surgical rotator cuff repair, not much attention has been given to the delivery and location of delivering stem cells. The purpose of this study to know where to locate those stem cells during repair.

Methods: Animal model of chronic rotator cuff tear was created in 24 rats.

Angiosarcoma secondary to postirradiation and chronic lymphedema: Case reports.

Introduction: Angiosarcoma secondary to post-irradiation and lymphedema is rare, but it is aggressive with a poor prognosis. It is essential to understand these patients' clinical features and distinguish them from benign diseases or other malignant tumors.

Patient Concerns: Three patients who had radiotherapy for cancer treatment and chronic lymphedema admitted to the hospital with specific skin lesions at upper or lower extremities.

Acupuncture combined with multidisciplinary care for recovery after traumatic multiple rib fractures: a prospective feasibility cohort study.

Introduction: Acute pain significantly delays early physiological recovery and results in chronic functional disability in patients with traumatic multiple rib fractures (MRFs). This prospective cohort study aimed to investigate the feasibility of acupuncture combined with multidisciplinary care during recovery in patients with traumatic MRFs.

Methods: Twenty patients with traumatic MRFs who were admitted to a regional trauma centre in South Korea were enrolled.

Poor Prognostic Factors in Patients With Rotator Cuff Retear.

Background: The treatment for retears after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair (ARCR) has long been a challenge.

Purpose: This study aimed to (1) summarize the characteristics of patients with a retear after primary ARCR and (2) determine the risk factors for poor clinical outcomes after a retear.

Study Design: Case-control study; Level of evidence, 3.

How Many Proximal Screws Are Needed for a Stable Proximal Humerus Fracture Fixation?

Purpose: This biomechanical study investigates the optimal number of proximal screws for stable fixation of a 2-part proximal humerus fracture model with a locking plate.

Methods: Twenty-four proximal humerus fracture models were included in the study. An unstable 2-part fracture was created and fixed by a locking plate.

Vascular dysfunction as a potential culprit of sarcopenia.

Aging-related changes to biological structures such as cardiovascular and musculoskeletal systems contribute to the development of comorbid conditions including cardiovascular disease and frailty, and ultimately lead to premature death. Although, frail older adults often demonstrate both cardiovascular and musculoskeletal comorbidities, the etiology of sarcopenia, and especially the contribution of cardiovascular aging is unclear. Aging-related vascular calcification is prevalent in older adults and is a known risk factor for cardiovascular disease and death.

Systematic Review of the Surgical Outcomes of Elbow Plicae.

Background: Surgical resection is usually required for symptomatic elbow plicae that have failed nonoperative therapy. However, evidence of surgical outcomes has not been presented.

Purpose: To review the surgical outcomes for the treatment of synovial plicae in the radiocapitellar joint.

Engineered Cell Sheets for the Effective Delivery of Adipose-Derived Stem Cells for Tendon-to-Bone Healing.

Background: Efforts are being made to treat rotator cuff tears (RCTs) that exhibit poor healing and high retear rates. Tendon-to-bone healing using mesenchymal stem cells is being explored, but research is needed to establish effective delivery options.

Purpose: To evaluate the effects of an adipose-derived stem cell (ADSC) sheet on mesenchymal stem cell delivery for tendon-to-bone healing of a chronic RCT in rats and to demonstrate that ADSC sheets enhance tendon-to-bone healing.

Do Modern Designs of Metal-Backed Glenoid Components Show Improved Clinical Results in Total Shoulder Arthroplasty? A Systematic Review of the Literature.

Background: Despite the increased popularity of reverse total shoulder arthroplasty, total shoulder arthroplasty is the standard treatment for advanced shoulder arthritis in young adult patients. Conventional metal-backed glenoid (MBG) designs result in more loosening and revision surgery compared with cemented polyethylene glenoid components. However, modern MBG designs have been recently devised to overcome such drawbacks.

Role of inferomedial supporting screws for secondary varus deformity in non-osteoporotic proximal humerus fracture: A biomechanical study.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of a medial support screw through a proximal humerus fracture. For this purpose, we verified whether the biomechanics are different according to the position of the screw while using the same number of screws. In addition, we tried to verify whether the insertion of additional inferomedial screws would make a difference in stability.

What is the Adequate Cuff Volume for Tracheostomy Tube? A Pilot Cadaver Study.

Objective: To determine the patterns of tracheostomy cuff pressure changes with various air inflation amounts in different types of tracheostomy tubes to obtain basic data for appropriately managing long-term tracheostomy.

Methods: We performed tracheostomy on a 46-year-old male cadaver. Three types of tracheostomy tubes (single-cuffed, double-cuffed, and adjustable flange), divided into 8 different subtypes based on internal tube diameters and cuff diameters, were inserted into the cadaver.

Peripheral nerve sheath tumor: differentiation of malignant from benign tumors with conventional and diffusion-weighted MRI.

Objectives: To evaluate potential of conventional MRI and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) for differentiating malignant from benign peripheral nerve sheath tumors (PNSTs).

Methods: Eighty-seven cases of malignant or benign PNSTs in the trunk or extremities that underwent conventional MRI with contrast enhancement, DWI, and pathologic confirmation between Sep. 2014 and Dec.

Minimal Clinically Important Difference, Substantial Clinical Benefit, and Patient Acceptable Symptomatic State After Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair.

Background: Minimal clinically important difference (MCID), substantial clinical benefit (SCB), and patient acceptable symptomatic state (PASS) are emerging criteria for patient-based treatment assessments. However, few studies have investigated these measures after rotator cuff repair.

Purpose: (1) To determine MCID, SCB, and PASS values for pain visual analog scale (pVAS), Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation (SANE), American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) score, and University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) score after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair.

Indocyanine Green Lymphography and Lymphoscintigraphy Severity Stage Showed Strong Correlation in Lower Limb Lymphedema.

To examine the correlation between lymphedema severity on lymphoscintigraphy and indocyanine green (ICG) lymphography in patients with secondary lower extremity lymphedema. The maximal circumference difference (MCD) between the two legs was recorded. Lymphoscintigraphy and ICG lymphography images were classified into type I to V according to dermal backflow (DB) stage and MD Anderson Cancer Center (MDACC) stage based on lymphatic flow preservation and how DB was extended.

Risk Factors for Severe Proximal Humerus Fracture and Correlation Between Deltoid Tuberosity Index and Bone Mineral Density.

Introduction: The aims of this study were to investigate (1) whether demographic factors would be risk factors for severe proximal humerus fracture (PHF), (2) relationship of radiological parameters with bone mineral density (BMD), deltoid tuberosity index (DTI), or severe PHF, and (3) correlation between DTI and BMD.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study based on radiographs and medical records taken during admission or the visit to the orthopedic clinic. We reviewed consecutive 100 adult patients who were diagnosed with PHF in our hospital from March 2014 to December 2016.

Medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction using an autograft or allograft for patellar dislocation: a systematic review.

Purposes: The purpose of this study is to review the use of an allograft or autograft in medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) reconstruction.

Materials And Methods: Various electronic databases were searched for relevant articles published from January 2000 to September 2017 that evaluated clinical outcomes of MPFL reconstruction using an autograft or allograft. Data search, extraction, analysis, and quality assessments were performed based on Cochrane Collaboration guidelines.

A Combination Treatment of Raloxifene and Vitamin D Enhances Bone-to-Tendon Healing of the Rotator Cuff in a Rat Model.

Background: Tearing and degeneration of the rotator cuff at the tendon-to-bone junction are common in adults aged ≥50 years. Few studies have reported on the relationship between estrogen and the rotator cuff enthesis. In addition to preventing bone loss, selective estrogen receptor modulators have been shown to improve tendon and muscle quality.

Nicotinamide riboside-A missing piece in the puzzle of exercise therapy for older adults?

Maintaining physical mobility is important for preventing age-related comorbidities in older adults. Endurance and resistance training prevent mobility loss in aging, but exercise alone does not always achieve the expected improvements in physical and cardiopulmonary function. Recent preclinical evidence suggests that a reason for the variability in exercise training responses may be the age-related dysregulation of the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) metabolome.