Barriers and facilitators of academia-government collaboration in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic in Colombia: a qualitative study.

The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the importance of strengthening collaborations between academia and government. The development and maintenance of these collaborative relationships is a complex and dynamic process, particularly during public health emergencies. This study was aimed at identifying and analysing factors that acted as barriers and facilitators in the collaboration process between academia and government during the COVID-19 pandemic in the five largest cities in Colombia.

Concerted Model of Healthcare for Awá Indigenous of Nariño, Colombia.

Indigenous communities in Colombia are facing a critical health situation; alternative health care models based on the vision of the communities themselves are needed. The objective of this research was to create a health care model that decreases health inequities for the Indigenous Awá population of Nariño, Colombia. This study was guided by the paradigm of community-based participatory action research; the process was carried out in 2015 and 2016.

Prevalence of the practice of physical activity and its associated factors in adult Colombian pregnant women.

Introduction: Physical activity during pregnancy can be useful in the prevention of gestational complications. Objective: To estimate the prevalence of physical activity in adult Colombian pregnant women and its associated factors.

Materials And Methods: A secondary analysis of data from the 2015 National Nutrition Survey in Colombia was conducted.

Recommendations of physical activity and rest in a Colombian prenatal control program.

Objective: To determine the frequency of the registry of physical activity and rest recommendations made to pregnant women and to explore their associated factors in a prenatal care program of primary care public institutions in Bucaramanga, Colombia.

Methods: An observational study was conducted. The sampling frame consisted of the medical records of the pregnant women who attended at least one prenatal care program between January 1 and December 31, 2012 (n = 2.

Challenges of health services related to the population displaced by violence in Mexico.

Objective: To analyze the impacts of the care to the population displaced by violence on the health system and the challenges that this entails.

Methods: This is a narrative review of the national and international literature in PubMed, SciELO, WHO/PAHO, and Bireme. Inclusion criteria were date of publication (from 2000), relation with the subject, and language (Spanish or English).

Generation and evaluation of an indicator of the health system's performance in maternal and reproductive health in Colombia: An ecological study.

Objective: To generate and evaluate an indicator of the health system's performance in the area of maternal and reproductive health in Colombia.

Materials And Methods: An indicator was constructed based on variables related to the coverage and utilization of healthcare services for pregnant and reproductive-age women. A factor analysis was performed using a polychoric correlation matrix and the states were classified according to the indicator's score.

Technical efficiency of women's health prevention programs in Bucaramanga, Colombia: a four-stage analysis.

Background: Primary Health Care (PHC) is an efficient strategy to improve health outcomes in populations. Nevertheless, studies of technical efficiency in health care have focused on hospitals, with very little on primary health care centers. The objective of the present study was to use the Data Envelopment Analysis to estimate the technical efficiency of three women's health promotion and disease prevention programs offered by primary care centers in Bucaramanga, Colombia.

[Gender and physical activity in Mexican women with experience of migration to the USA].

Objective: To analyze the influence of gender on the practice of physical activity, in women with experiences of migration to the U.S.A.

Determinants of performance of health systems concerning maternal and child health: a global approach.

Aims: To assess the association of social determinants on the performance of health systems around the world.

Methods: A transnational ecological study was conducted with an observation level focused on the country. In order to research on the strength of the association between the annual maternal and child mortality in 154 countries and social determinants: corruption, democratization, income inequality and cultural fragmentation, we used a mixed linear regression model for repeated measures with random intercepts and a conglomerate-based geographical analysis, between 2000 and 2010.

[Evaluation of the performance of Primary Health Care Services: experience in rural municipalities in Santander, Colombia].

Objective: Public health services performance in Primary Health Care was evaluated in six municipalities from Santander, Colombia, after the development of a Primary Health Care program at the state level.

Methods: A cross-sectional, comparative study design was developed using a rapid assessment methodology, designed by Starfield. Patients, professionals and decision-makers were interviewed in three municipalities with higher development of the program and compared with three municipalities with lower development, all six predominantly rural areas.

[Dietary changes in Mexican women migrating to the U.S].

Objective: To describe the dietary changes and processes involved in the incorporation of new foods, in Mexican women with a migratory experience to the U.S.

Material And Methods: A qualitative study was conducted, based on grounded theory, of women who had had a migratory experience and were residing in rural zones of the state of Morelos, Mexico.

Access to medicines among internally displaced and non-displaced people in urban areas in Colombia.

This study analyzes access to medicines among displaced and non-displaced populations in urban areas in Bucaramanga, Colombia. A household survey was carried out to study access to medicines for self-reported and medically diagnosed health conditions. Multiple Poisson regression with robust variance was used to determine factors associated with access to medicines.

[Experience of implementing a primary attention model].

Objective: Identifying barriers and dynamic factors in setting up a primary health care (PHC) model in the Santander department during the last decade.

Methods: This was a qualitative study, focusing on pluralism and triangulating sources and actors, with a critical analysis of limits and judgments values (boundary critique).

Results: Philosophical/conceptual and operational management problems were found from the emergent categories related to appropriating PHC attributes.

[Perception of epidemiological competencies by public health students in Mexico and Colombia during the influenza A (H1N1) epidemic].

Objective: Learn about the perception of public health students in Mexico and Colombia regarding the management of the influenza A (H1N1) epidemic to determine which curriculum contents in epidemiological education can be improved.

Methods: Survey administered to graduate students during the epidemic, from June to August 2009. The 30 epidemiological competencies for "intermediate epidemiologists" of the Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists were evaluated.

[Benefits of combining methods to analyze the causes of maternal mortality, Bucaramanga, Colombia].

Objective: Define critical points of change in the maternal care process, guide decision-making in this area, and support the strengthening of service delivery policies, with a view to achieving the Millennium Development Goal of improving maternal health.

Methods: Retrospective descriptive study of a series of cases of maternal deaths recorded in Bucaramanga between 2004 and 2009. The study examined epidemiologic reporting cards, clinical histories, field visits, and the records of analysis committees.

Beyond the income inequality hypothesis and human health: a worldwide exploration.

Objective: To analyze whether the relationship between income inequality and human health is mediated through social capital, and whether political regime determines differences in income inequality and social capital among countries.

Methods: Path analysis of cross sectional ecological data from 110 countries. Life expectancy at birth was the outcome variable, and income inequality (measured by the Gini coefficient), social capital (measured by the Corruption Perceptions Index or generalized trust), and political regime (measured by the Index of Freedom) were the predictor variables.

[The other epidemiologic transition: landmarks in the development of risk factor epidemiology in Colombia].

The history of risk factor epidemiology is detailed as it emerged in Colombia as well as more recent developments. The origins of risk factor epidemiology are described in the context of the national health situation of the mid-20th century, when changes were occurring in the profiles of infectious and nutritional diseases in comparison to chronic diseases and traumatisms. The main achievements in the history of national risk factor epidemiology are described, including: the studies on endemic goiter, gastric and uterine cervical cancers, adverse effects of child undernourishment, and the institution of local health surveys.

[A review of health-service use (1996-2006 )].

Objective: Reviewing research papers published during 1996-2006 regarding ontological, methodological and epistemological proposals regarding the use of health services.

Material And Methods: Pub Med was screened for identifying the most relevant research carried out to date in the field. The key words were used.

Organizational elements of health service related to a reduction in maternal mortality: the cases of Chile and Colombia.

Three differences related to the organization of maternal care services are notable when comparing the cases of Chile and Colombia. The first is the role of geographic (territorial) planning of service availability; second the existence of personnel trained specifically to provide labor and delivery care; and, finally, the level of comprehensiveness of strategies for service delivery. The reduction in maternal mortality is seen as the effect of operationalizing these strategies, among others in both countries.

[Health insurance for infants and infant vaccination related to forced-displacement in Colombia].

Objective: Determining vaccination coverage amongst children (<5 years old) having multiple socio-economic risk factors and their relationship to insurance status.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of 514 families from urban settlements receiving people displaced by the armed conflict in 4 municipalities in the Santander department ( Colombia ). The households were selected by probabilistic sampling, using proportional modelling by municipality.

[A global view of population health in Colombia: role of social macro-determinants].

Introduction: The social environment is an important determinant of population and individual health. However, its impact is often not considered in national health policies and generally its attributes are considered as constants. For this reason, contemporary health policies place greater emphasis on individual risk factors.

[Displaced people's healthcare use in Bucaramanga, Colombia].

Objective: Analysing the factors and barriers associated with the population displaced by armed conflict using medical services in Bucaramanga, Colombia.

Material And Methods: Data from the "Diagnosing the health of both displaced and non-displaced populations in Bucaramanga and its metropolitan area" study, designed and executed by the Industrial University of Santander and financed by the Pan-American Health Organisation, analysed medical service use in individuals aged over 15 years. This agreed with Andersen and Newman's model and evaluated the effect of associated factors by means of multiple logistical regression.