GLP-1 response during pregnancy: variations between trimesters and associations with appetite sensations and usual energy intake.

Further research is required to understand hormonal regulation of food intake during pregnancy and its association with energy intake. The objectives are to () compare postprandial responses of plasma glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) between trimesters, () compare postprandial appetite sensations between trimesters, and () examine trimester-specific associations between GLP-1 levels, appetite sensations, and usual energy intake. At each trimester, participants ( = 26) consumed a standard test meal following a 12 h fast.