Trisomy 21 enhances human fetal erythro-megakaryocytic development.

Children with Down syndrome exhibit 2 related hematopoietic diseases: transient myeloproliferative disorder (TMD) and acute megakaryoblastic leukemia (AMKL). Both exhibit clonal expansion of blasts with biphenotypic erythroid and megakaryocytic features and contain somatic GATA1 mutations. While altered GATA1 inhibits erythro-megakaryocytic development, less is known about how trisomy 21 impacts blood formation, particularly in the human fetus where TMD and AMKL originate.

Ileostomy adenocarcinomas in the setting of ulcerative colitis.

Adenocarcinomas arising at ileostomy sites in patients after colon resection for various diseases, such as ulcerative colitis (UC), familial adenomatous polyposis coli, and Crohn's disease, are rare occurrences but have been reported increasingly in the last 20 years. We report a case of adenocarcinoma arising in an ileostomy site in an 85-year-old woman with longstanding UC. She had pancolitis and underwent total proctocolectomy.