"I will take part in the revolution with our people": a qualitative study of healthcare workers' experiences of violence and resistance after the 2021 Myanmar coup d'etat.

Background: In Myanmar, ongoing conflict since the 2021 military coup d'etat has been characterized by targeted violence against health workers (HWs), particularly those participating in the pro-democracy movement. Existing knowledge about the challenges faced by health workers in Myanmar is scant, including their perspectives on mitigating their suffering and the broader impact on community health. This knowledge gap prompted our study to assess the extent of the violence, its impact on the workers and the community, and identify resource priorities.

Alcohol consumption patterns among men who have sex with men in major cities of Myanmar: A cross-sectional study.

Alcohol consumption patterns vary widely across the regions of the world. Although previous studies have focused on the sexual risk behaviours among men who have sex with men (MSM), studies regarding binge alcohol drinking among MSM in Myanmar are scarce. A cross-sectional study was conducted to identify the alcohol consumption patterns among MSM aged over 18 years in two major cities of Myanmar where the MSM population is higher than other regions.

Young key affected population in Myanmar: are there any challenges in seeking information and care for HIV/sexually transmitted infections and reproductive health?

Unmet needs and barriers in seeking HIV/STI and RH information and care are present especially among young key affected population (YKAP). Therefore, the study was conducted to determine the health seeking behaviors of YKAP regarding HIV/STI and RH, and challenges in seeking health information and care. A cross-sectional, mixed-methods study was conducted at two large cities in Myanmar.

Engagement of public and private medical facilities in tuberculosis care in Myanmar: contributions and trends over an eight-year period.

Background: As part of the WHO End TB strategy, national tuberculosis (TB) programs increasingly aim to engage all private and public TB care providers. Engagement of communities, civil society organizations and public and private care provider is the second pillar of the End TB strategy. In Myanmar, this entails the public-public and public-private mix (PPM) approach.

International non-governmental organizations' provision of community-based tuberculosis care for hard-to-reach populations in Myanmar, 2013-2014.

Background: National tuberculosis (TB) programs increasingly engage with international non-governmental organizations (INGOs), especially to provide TB care in complex settings where community involvement might be required. In Myanmar, however, there is limited data on how such INGO community-based programs are organized and how effective they are. In this study, we describe four INGO strategies for providing community-based TB care to hard-to-reach populations in Myanmar, and assess their contribution to TB case detection.

Effectiveness of Mindfulness Intervention on Psychological Behaviors Among Adolescents With Parental HIV Infection: A Group-Randomized Controlled Trial.

This study aims to identify the effectiveness of mindfulness intervention on the psychological behaviors of adolescents with parental HIV infection and its associated factors in Myanmar. A total of 80 adolescents from 2 intervention townships and 80 adolescents from 2 control townships were enrolled in a group randomized controlled trial with assessments at baseline and 6 months follow-up. The mindfulness intervention involved monthly group sessions for 3 consecutive months led by an experienced mindfulness trainer.

Correlates of Forced Sex Among Young Men Who Have Sex With Men in Yangon and Monywa, Myanmar.

Forced sex at an early age is associated with a variety of negative factors including increased illness, high-risk sexual and substance-use behaviors, and mental and psychological stress. These sequelae may be compounded for men who have sex with men (MSM), especially young MSM and those with feminine gender identity and expression. This survey examined the prevalence and associations of forced sex among young MSM in two cities in Myanmar.

Correlates of male involvement in maternal and newborn health: a cross-sectional study of men in a peri-urban region of Myanmar.

Background: Evidence suggests that increasing male involvement in maternal and newborn health (MNH) may improve MNH outcomes. However, male involvement is difficult to measure, and further research is necessary to understand the barriers and enablers for men to engage in MNH, and to define target groups for interventions. Using data from a peri-urban township in Myanmar, this study aimed to construct appropriate indicators of male involvement in MNH, and assess sociodemographic, knowledge and attitude correlates of involvement.

Threat of HIV/AIDS in children: social, education and health consequences among HIV orphans and vulnerable children in Myanmar.

Background: There is very limited information available on HIV related orphans and vulnerable children (HIV-OVC) in Myanmar. Hence, the objective of this study was to identify and compare the social, education and health consequences among HIV-OVC and children from the families not related to HIV in the same neighbourhoods (neighbouring children).

Materials And Methods: A cross-sectional, comparative survey was carried out in three geographical locations.

Challenges faced by skilled birth attendants in providing antenatal and intrapartum care in selected rural areas of Myanmar.

Background: In Myanmar a large proportion of antenatal and intrapartum care in rural areas is provided by skilled birth attendants (SBAs), this study assessed the coverage by these health workers of all births, their adherence to service guidelines, and community opinion on the antenatal and delivery care they give in two rural health centres in Pathein Township, Ayeyarwaddy Region to identify the challenges and improve antenatal and intrapartum service delivery provided by the SBAs.

Method: A structured questionnaire was used to interview 304 women who had infants under one year of age, and in-depth interviews were held with 12 SBAs and 10 community members.

Results: Of the 304 pregnancies, 93% had received antenatal care (ANC); 97% of these were covered by SBAs at an average 15 weeks' gestation.

Predictors of contraceptive use among married youths and their husbands in a rural area of Myanmar.

This study aimed to determine the predictors of contraceptive use among married female youths and their husbands using the behavioral theory of the Health Belief Model (HBM). A community-based survey was conducted in a rural area of Myanmar in 2008. A total of 444 respondents (222 couples) were interviewed separately using a pretested, structured questionnaire.

Factors influencing married youths' decisions on contraceptive use in a rural area of Myanmar.

This study aimed to describe the factors influencing the decision of married female youth and their husbands measured by self-rating on the magnitude and importance of each factor and person, and agreement between willingness to use and actual contraceptive use. A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Ayeyarwaddy Division, Myanmar. The decision to use contraception increased significantly due to motivation from a provider, friends, spousal communication, and benefits of contraception by multiple logistic regression.

Public and/or private health care: tuberculosis patients' perspectives in Myanmar.

Background: Tuberculosis is a major public health problem in Myanmar as in other developing countries. About 73% of TB patients seek care at private general practitioners' clinics before presenting to the public TB centre, raising questions about how best to prevent transmission and maintain treatment regimens.

Method: The study was conducted in two townships in Yangon Division in Myanmar in 2004, and examined treatment seeking behaviour of TB patients and their views towards public and private health care services.

Women's awareness, knowledge and perceived magnitude regarding common female cancers in Yangon, Myanmar.

Early detection and diagnosis can greatly increases the chances for successful treatment particularly relevant for common female cancers like cancer breast and cervix. Increased awareness of the possible warning signs of these cancers among general public is a necessity. A community-based, cross-sectional study was conducted with the objectives of assessing the women's awareness and knowledge on common female cancers and estimating the perceived magnitude and survival of these cancers.