UK Foot and Ankle Thromboembolism (UK-FATE).

Aims: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a potential complication of foot and ankle surgery. There is a lack of agreement on contributing risk factors and chemical prophylaxis requirements. The primary outcome of this study was to analyze the 90-day incidence of symptomatic VTE and VTE-related mortality in patients undergoing foot and ankle surgery and Achilles tendon (TA) rupture.

Mapping recommendations towards an Asian Code Against Cancer (ACAC) as part of the World Code Against Cancer Framework: an Asian National Cancer Centers Alliance (ANCCA) initiative.

This paper outlines the process undertaken by Asian National Cancer Centers Alliance (ANCCA) members in working towards an Asian Code Against Cancer (ACAC). The process involves: (i) identification of the criteria for selecting the existing set of national recommendations for ACAC (ii) compilation of existing national codes or recommendations on cancer prevention (iii) reviewing the scientific evidence on cancer risk factors in Asia and (iv) establishment of one or more ACAC under the World Code Against Cancer Framework. A matrix of national codes or key recommendations against cancer in ANCCA member countries is presented.

Comparison of Effectiveness of Programmed Death Protein 1 and Programmed Death Ligand 1 Inhibitors in Extensive-Stage Small-Cell Lung Cancer: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials and Observational Studies.

This meta-analysis aimed to compare the efficacy of programmed death protein 1 (PD-1) inhibitors and programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitors in patients with extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer. The present meta-analysis was conducted using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Relevant studies were identified through searches of databases including PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library, as well as prominent oncology conferences.

Competitive interactions between invasive fall armyworm and Asian corn borer at intraspecific and interspecific level on the same feeding guild.

Interspecific competition is an important factor in the population dynamics and geographical distribution of insect populations. Fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda, an invasive species, and the Asian corn borer (ACB), Ostrinia furnacalis, a native pest species are major pests on maize in China, posing a threat to maize yield and grain quality. A series of laboratory, greenhouse, and field experiments were conducted to elucidate the competitive interactions between FAW and ACB.

Synthesis and anticancer activity of podophyllotoxin derivatives with nitrogen-containing heterocycles.

Three series of podophyllotoxin derivatives with various nitrogen-containing heterocycles were designed and synthesized. The antitumor activity of these podophyllotoxin derivatives was evaluated against a panel of human tumor cell lines. The results showed that podophyllotoxin-imidazolium salts and podophyllotoxin-1,2,4-triazolium salts exhibited excellent cytotoxic activity.

Bicondylar Tibial Plateau Fractures: What Predicts Infection?

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to identify the patient, injury, and treatment factors associated with infection of bicondylar plateau fractures and to evaluate whether center variation exists.

Design: Retrospective review.

Setting: Eighteen academic trauma centers.

Selection of the Most Effective Trichogramma Strains (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) From Myanmar to Control Asian Corn Borer, Ostrinia furnacalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae).

Selecting the candidate agents or species is a fundamental step in developing effective biological control programs. However, no attempts have been made to evaluate the efficacy of Trichogramma Westwood (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) strains against the Asian corn borer, Ostrinia furnacalis Guenée (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) in Myanmar. In this study, Trichogramma strains were investigated through a series of glass tube bioassays and under a semifield condition.

Transdisciplinary Online Health Assessment of an Artisanal and Small-Scale Gold Mining Community during the COVID-19 Pandemic in the Mandalay Region of Myanmar.

Artisanal and small-scale gold mining (ASGM) has a known negative effect on the community's health; therefore, assessment to monitor community health is essential to detect any issues and enable early treatment. Because ASGM-related health issues are complex and cannot be addressed effectively with a traditional one-time health assessment alone, both long-term and regular health assessments using a transdisciplinary approach should be considered. In response to this need, we designed an online health assessment tool as a reference for a future long-term health assessment system.

Molecular and Morphological Identification of Trichogramma (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) Species From Asian Corn Borer (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) in Myanmar.

The Asian corn borer, Ostrinia furnacalis (Guenée), is the most devastating maize pest in Myanmar. The damage caused by this pest has become a significant obstacle to farmers' income and the national economy. Control of O.

Adrenal Insufficiency Secondary to Bilateral Adrenal Hemorrhage: A Case Report.

Acute adrenal hemorrhage (adrenal apoplexy) in the context of severe sepsis is potentially life-threatening. Diagnosis of this condition is difficult to achieve without a strong sense of suspicion. The concurrent use of anticoagulants increases the risk of adrenal hemorrhage in the context of sepsis.

Prevalence of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase/Carbapenemase Genes and Quinolone-Resistance Determinants in Clinical Isolates from Respiratory Infections in Myanmar.

In recent years, nosocomial infections due to multidrug resistant strains have been increasing, associated with growing trend of resistance to beta-lactams and fluoroquinolones (FQs) worldwide. In this study, prevalence of beta-lactamase genes and resistance mechanisms to FQ were analyzed in 191 clinical isolates derived from respiratory tract infections in a teaching hospital in Yangon, Myanmar. The major extended-spectrum beta-lactamase gene was , which was detected in 33% of isolates, with CTX-M-15 being dominant.

Patient-reported outcomes in young patients with isolated fracture of the hip.

Aims: Hip fractures in patients < 60 years old currently account for only 3% to 4% of all hip fractures in England, but this proportion is increasing. Little is known about the longer-term patient-reported outcomes in this potentially more active population. The primary aim is to examine patient-reported outcomes following isolated hip fracture in patients aged < 60 years.

Management of multiligament knee injuries.

Up to 18% of multiligament knee injuries (MLKI) have an associated vascular injury.All MLKI should be assessed using the ankle brachial pressure index (ABPI) with selective arteriography if ABPI is < 0.9.

Genetic Diversity of CMY Beta-Lactamase Genes in Clinical Isolates of in Myanmar: Identification of Three Novel Types and Updated Phylogenetic Classification of .

The dissemination of CMY-type enzymes, one of the plasmid-mediated AmpC beta-lactamases, among Enterobacteriaceae has become an important public health concern. In this study, genetic diversity of CMY beta-lactamase genes was investigated for 50 -positive isolates detected from 426 clinical isolates of in Yangon, Myanmar. CMY genes were differentiated into 9 types, with being predominant (22 isolates, 44%), followed by , , , and included three novel types (CMY-156, CMY-158, CMY-159).

Assessing outcome measures used after rib fracture: A COSMIN systematic review.

Purpose: The incidence of invasive treatment of rib fracture has increased significantly over the last decade however the evidence of improved patient outcomes to support this is lacking. A systematic review was performed to identify patient reported outcome measures (PROMs) used in the assessment of outcomes following chest wall injury. The quality of evidence for the psychometric properties of the identified PROMs was graded using the COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments (COSMIN) methodology.

First detection of the colistin resistance gene in from a patient with urinary tract infection in Myanmar.

Colistin-resistance gene was detected in an sample among 442 clinical isolates collected in a tertiary-care hospital in Yangon, Myanmar, in 2018. This isolate was classified into phylogroup A-ST23 complex and harboured and , associated with multiple mutations in quinolone-resistance-determining regions in and

Management of 'low-risk' ankle fractures in children: a systematic review.

Introduction: This study aimed to review the literature to establish whether there is a best treatment for low-risk ankle fractures in children.

Materials And Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis of trials was undertaken, which compared interventions for 'low-risk' ankle fractures in children. A meta-analysis was performed using a random effects model.

Phylogeographic analysis of human influenza A and B viruses in Myanmar, 2010-2015.

We investigated the circulation patterns of human influenza A and B viruses in Myanmar between 2010 and 2015 by analyzing full HA genes. Upper respiratory tract specimens were collected from patients with symptoms of influenza-like illness. A total of 2,860 respiratory samples were screened by influenza rapid diagnostic test, of which 1,577 (55.

Neuraminidase inhibitor susceptibility and evolutionary analysis of human influenza B isolates from three Asian countries during 2012-2015.

Influenza B viruses of both the Yamagata and the Victoria lineages are implicated in a large proportion of the morbidity and mortality associated with influenza outbreaks. In this study, we characterized the full genomes of 53 influenza B viruses isolated during 2012-2015 in three Asian countries: Japan, Myanmar, and Vietnam. Analysis of the hemagglutinin (HA) genes revealed co-circulation of both the Yamagata and Victoria lineages within the same season in these countries.

Defect Engineering in Few-Layer Phosphorene.

Defect engineering in 2D phosphorene samples is becoming an important and powerful technique to alter their properties, enabling new optoelectronic applications, particularly at the infrared wavelength region. Defect engineering in a few-layer phosphorene sample via introduction of substrate trapping centers is realized. In a three-layer (3L) phosphorene sample, a strong photoluminescence (PL) emission peak from localized excitons at ≈1430 nm is observed, a much lower energy level than free excitonic emissions.

Exciton Brightening in Monolayer Phosphorene via Dimensionality Modification.

Exciton brightening in monolayer phosphorene is achieved via the dimensionality modification of excitons from quasi-1D to 0D. The luminescence quantum yield of 0D-like excitons is >33.6 times larger than that of quasi-1D free excitons.