Do older adults respond to cognitive behavioral therapy as well as younger adults? An analysis of a large, multi-diagnostic, real-world sample.

Objectives: Older adults (OA; ≥55 years of age) are underrepresented in patients receiving cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT). This study evaluates mental health outcomes for OA compared to younger adults (YA; <55 years of age) receiving CBT.

Design: This is a pre-post study comparing the effectiveness of CBT for OA (n = 99) and YA (n = 601) in a CBT service located in a university-affiliated tertiary care hospital in Canada.

Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy in Intensive Case Management: A Multimethod Quantitative-Qualitative Study.

Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) has been shown to improve clinical outcomes in schizophrenia and severe and persistent mental illness, but access to it remains limited. One potential way to improve access to CBT is to provide it through intensive case management (ICM) teams. A 90-week quality improvement study was designed to assess if CBT could be implemented in ICM teams.

Using a simulation centre to evaluate preliminary acceptability and impact of an artificial intelligence-powered clinical decision support system for depression treatment on the physician-patient interaction.

Background: Recently, artificial intelligence-powered devices have been put forward as potentially powerful tools for the improvement of mental healthcare. An important question is how these devices impact the physician-patient interaction.

Aims: Aifred is an artificial intelligence-powered clinical decision support system (CDSS) for the treatment of major depression.

Perfectionism, efficacy, and daily coping and affect in depression over 6 months.

Objective: This study examined how perfectionism and efficacy impacted the maintenance of daily coping and affect in depression over six months.

Method: Forty-six depressed patients (69.6% female, mean age = 41.

Evaluating the Use of a Computerized CBT Program for Outpatients on a Waitlist in a University CBT Unit.

Objectives And Design: The goal of this pilot randomized controlled trial was to determine whether a computerized cognitive-behavioral therapy (cCBT) program for depression and anxiety could reduce symptoms in outpatients on a waitlist for face-to-face CBT for a variety of mental health complaints.

Methods: Sixty-seven outpatients referred for CBT for disparate problems (eg, anxiety, depression, obsessions or compulsions) were randomized to 1 of 2 conditions: (1) the cCBT program "Good Days Ahead," which included weekly guidance and support, or (2) a control condition where patients were referred to a freely available online CBT workbook. Measures of psychological distress were administered at the start of study and at the end of the waiting period, when participants were formally diagnosed and assessed for face-to-face therapy.

When it's at: An examination of when cognitive change occurs during cognitive therapy for compulsive checking in obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Background And Objectives: The cognitive theory of compulsive checking in OCD proposes that checking behaviour is maintained by maladaptive beliefs, including those related to inflated responsibility and those related to reduced memory confidence. This study examined whether and when specific interventions (as part of a new cognitive therapy for compulsive checking) addressing these cognitive targets changed feelings of responsibility and memory confidence.

Methods: Participants were nine adults with a primary or secondary diagnosis of OCD who reported significant checking symptoms (at least one hour per day) on the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale.

Self-critical perfectionism and depression maintenance over one year: The moderating roles of daily stress-sadness reactivity and the cortisol awakening response.

This study of depressed outpatients (N = 43) examined daily stress-sadness reactivity and the cortisol awakening response (CAR) as moderators of the relationship between self-critical (SC) perfectionism and depression over one year. Participants completed perfectionism measures at baseline (Time 1), daily diaries and salivary sampling six months later (Time 2), and an interviewer-rated depression measure at Time 1, Time 2, and one year after baseline (Time 3). Hierarchical multiple regression analyses of moderator effects demonstrated that patients with higher SC perfectionism and higher levels of daily stress-sadness reactivity (i.

Daily Stress, Coping, and Negative and Positive Affect in Depression: Complex Trigger and Maintenance Patterns.

Major depressive disorder is characterized by emotional dysfunction, but mood states in daily life are not well understood. This study examined complex explanatory models of daily stress and coping mechanisms that trigger and maintain daily negative affect and (lower) positive affect in depression. Sixty-three depressed patients completed perfectionism measures, and then completed daily questionnaires of stress appraisals, coping, and affect for 7 consecutive days.

The Effect of Borderline Personality Pathology on Outcome of Cognitive Behavior Therapy.

Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is an evidence-based psychotherapeutic approach which has been shown to be an effective intervention for most psychiatric disorders. There are conflicting data in the literature regarding whether a comorbid personality disorder worsens the prognosis of CBT for depression, anxiety, and other complaints. This study examined data collected before and after courses of CBT for patients with significant borderline (n=39, 11.

Impact of personality psychopathology on outcome in short-term cognitive-behavioral therapy for Axis I disorders.

Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is efficacious for many Axis I disorders, though its effectiveness in the real world, for patients with Axis II comorbidity is less well known. This study examines the effectiveness of CBT for Axis I disorders in three groups of patients: those with personality disorders, those with personality disorder traits and those with no Axis II pathology. Consecutive referrals of patients with non-psychotic Axis I disorders were assessed for short-term CBT in a University Teaching Unit.

Chronic Stress and Attenuated Improvement in Depression Over 1 Year: The Moderating Role of Perfectionism.

This study of depressed outpatients (N=47) examined self-criticism (SC) and personal standards (PS) dimensions of perfectionism as moderators of the relation between chronic stress and depression over 1year. Participants completed personality measures (SC, PS, neuroticism, conscientiousness) at baseline (Time 1), a chronic stress interview 6months later (Time 2), and self-report and interviewer-rated depression measures at Time 1, Time 2, and 1year after baseline (Time 3). Hierarchical multiple regression analyses of moderator effects demonstrated that patients with higher SC or PS and higher achievement-related chronic stress had higher levels of both self- and interviewer-rated depressive symptoms at Time 3 relative to those of other patients, adjusting for the effects of Time 1 and Time 2 depression scores.

Predicting who benefits most from cognitive-behavioral therapy for anxiety and depression.

Objectives: We examined core features of patient suitability for cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and their ability to predict CBT outcomes.

Method: A sample of 256 outpatients diagnosed with depression and anxiety disorders were assessed using the Suitability for Short-Term Cognitive Therapy (SSCT) scale. Therapists rated patients' symptom severity using the Clinical Global Impression scale before and after therapy.

The association between positive outcome expectancies and avoidance in predicting the outcome of cognitive behavioural therapy for major depressive disorder.

Objectives: Although cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) is an empirically supported treatment for major depressive disorder (MDD), individual differences in the effectiveness of CBT have been observed. Preliminary evidence suggests that positive outcome expectancies for treatment predict better therapy outcomes (Constantino, Arnkoff, Glass, & Smith, 2011); however, researchers have not examined whether avoidance, an important predictor of depressive symptoms (Ottenbreit & Dobson, 2004), may play an important role in this association. In the present study, we examined whether the association between positive outcome expectancies and therapy outcome is associated with patients' levels of avoidance.

Assessing suitability for short-term cognitive-behavioral therapy in psychiatric outpatients with psychosis: a comparison with depressed and anxious outpatients.

Objective: The Suitability for Short-Term Cognitive Therapy (SSCT) rating procedure has predicted outcome in depressed and anxious patients. This study examines its relevance in assessing patients with psychosis.

Method: Outpatients with psychosis (n=56), depression (n=93), and anxiety (n=264) received cognitive- behavioral therapy in a university hospital teaching unit (mean number of sessions=16, SD=11).

Increasing Access to Cognitive-Behavioural Therapy (CBT) for the Treatment of Mental Illness in Canada: A Research Framework and Call for Action.

International studies suggest that cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) for the treatment of mental disorders results in improved clinical and economic outcomes. In Canada, however, publicly funded CBT is scarce, representing an inequity in service delivery. A research framework to evaluate the Canadian health economic impact of increasing access to CBT is proposed.

A prospective randomized study of ACL-reconstructions using bone-patellar tendon-bone grafts fixed with bioabsorbable or metal interference screws.

Introduction: Bioabsorbable screws are, at the expense of metal screws, increasingly used as fixation device in ACL-reconstructions. The possible advantages with bioabsorbable screws are better postoperative MRI evaluations and easier revision surgery.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the clinical outcome after ACL-reconstructions with BPTB-grafts fixed with metal interference screws or bioabsorbable screws 7 years postoperatively.

Clinical and MRI findings after high dosage medical exercise therapy in patients with long lasting subacromial pain syndrome: a case series on six patients.

Unlabelled: SUMMARY BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The primary aim of this case series was to investigate the effect of a high dosage medical exercise therapy program on shoulder pain in patients with subacromial pain syndrome.

Subjects: Six subjects were assigned to a medical exercise therapy group.

Methods: They received three treatments a week over three months.

Multimodal cancer treatment: real time monitoring, optimization, and synergistic effects.

The primary objective of this analysis is to provide the theoretical framework for a novel multimodal cancer treatment system emphasizing the use of ultrasound as a synergistic drug release mechanism, real time monitoring by MRI of hyperthermic, pO2, and ultrasound induced released effects. The aim is to provide a cure for the 20% of cancer victims who will die of complications from local solid tumors. Adjuvant therapy usually refers to surgery preceding or following chemotherapy and/or ionizing radiation treatment to decrease the risk of recurrence, but the absolute benefit for survival obtained with adjuvant therapy compared to control is only approximately 6%.

Abnormal cerebral MRI findings and neuroimpairments in very low birth weight (VLBW) adolescents.

Background: High prevalence of abnormal cerebral MRI findings as well as major and minor motor, perceptual and cognitive impairments has been reported in very low birth weight (VLBW) children.

Aim: To investigate whether cerebral MRI pathology relates to different types of neuroimpairments in adolescents with VLBW.

Methods: At age 15, 55 adolescents with birth weight < or = 1500 g (VLBW) were examined.

MR guided cancer treatment system for an elevated therapeutic index - a macroscopic approach.

Adjuvant therapy for cancer usually refers to surgery followed by chemotherapy and/or radiation treatment to decrease the risk of recurrence. But still, the absolute benefit for survival obtained with adjuvant therapy compared with control is only approximately 6%. The objective of this analysis is to formulate a non-invasive multimodal cancer treatment system related to cancer stem cells and hypoxic fractions of solid tumors, emphasizing MRI monitoring and guidance, to elevate the therapeutic index.

Multimodal ultrasound mediated drug release model in local cancer therapy.

Increased cancer survival rates over the last decades are probably less due to advances of a single treatment modality than to optimization of adjuvant treatment procedures. The efficiency of drug delivery in solid tumours is crucial for achieving local tumour control as cytotoxic agents do not target cancer cells selectively. To enhance tumour uptake and selectivity of drugs, liposomally encapsulated microbubbles with drugs or temperature sensitive liposomes with therapeutics have been suggested as new drug delivery vehicles, in combination with ultrasound or hyperthermia, respectively.

Differentiating prospective control information for catching in at-risk and control adolescents.

This paper investigated the use of prospective control in catching and how the results can be used as a sensitive tool to detect diffuse signs of brain dysfunction. A detailed analysis of 286 catching movements of eight adolescents (two males, six females [four very-low-birth weight {VLBW}, one small for gestational age {SGA}, and three appropriate for gestational age]; mean age 14 y 5 mo [SD 6 mo]; range 14-15 y) was performed blind for this purpose. The moving target approached the participants from the side at three different, non-constant accelerations.

Cost-effectiveness of cognitive-behavioural therapy for mental disorders: implications for public health care funding policy in Canada.

Objective: Publicly funded cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) for mental disorders is scarce in Canada, despite proven efficacy and guidelines recommending its use. This paper reviews published data on the economic impact of CBT to inform recommendations for current Canadian mental health care funding policy.

Method: We searched the literature for economic analyses of CBT in the treatment of mental disorders.