Genotypes and clinical phenotypes of pediatric patients with NOG variants: Middle ear surgical outcomes from a Tertiary Center in South Korea.

Objective: Although NOG variants are linked to congenital stapes fixation and conductive hearing loss (CHL), little is known about middle ear surgery outcomes and the characteristics of accompanying inner ear anomalies. We explored auditory phenotypes in patients with NOG variants, with a focus on the outcomes of middle ear surgery.

Methods: This study included 11 patients from five unrelated Korean families harboring NOG variants.

Hydrogen peroxide constricts rat arteries by activating Na-permeable and Ca-permeable cation channels.

Oxidative stress is associated with many cardiovascular diseases, such as hypertension and arteriosclerosis. Oxidative stress reportedly activates the L-type voltage-gated calcium channel (VDCC) and elevates [Ca] in many cells. However, how oxidative stress activates VDCC under clinical setting and the consequence for arteries are unclear.