Gas-Sensing Properties of CoS Films Toward Formaldehyde, Ethanol, and Hydrogen Sulfide.

The chemiresistive gas-sensing properties of pristine CoS film are little known despite its potential as a promising gas sensor material due to its intrinsic characteristics. In this study, a pristine polycrystalline CoS film (approximately 440 nm in thickness) is fabricated by depositing a CoO film followed by sulfidation to investigate its gas-sensing properties. The prepared CoS film sensor is found to exhibit high responsiveness towards formaldehyde (HCHO), ethanol (CHOH), and hydrogen sulfide (HS) at operating temperatures of 300 °C and 400 °C, with strong concentration dependence.

Prediction of human pharmacokinetic parameters incorporating SMILES information.

This study aimed to develop a model incorporating natural language processing analysis for the simplified molecular-input line-entry system (SMILES) to predict clearance (CL) and volume of distribution at steady state (V) in humans. The construction of CL and V prediction models involved data from 435 to 439 compounds, respectively. In machine learning, features such as animal pharmacokinetic data, in vitro experimental data, molecular descriptors, and SMILES were utilized, with XGBoost employed as the algorithm.

Effects of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonist on Bone Mineral Density and Bone Turnover Markers: A Meta-Analysis.

Aims: Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA) may promote bone formation, but conversely, they could also weaken bones due to the reduction in mechanical load associated with weight loss. However, the clinical effects in humans have not been clearly demonstrated. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate whether GLP-1RAs affect BMD and bone turnover markers.

Subgroup disproportionality analysis of dementia-related adverse events with sacubitril/valsartan across geographical regions.

This study aimed to evaluate the association between sacubitril/valsartan and dementia-related adverse events (AEs) in geographical subpopulations using subgroup disproportionality analysis. Cases from the FDA adverse event reporting system involving patients aged 60 or older with sacubitril/valsartan or angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) were analyzed. The adjusted reporting odds ratios (RORs) for dementia-related AEs were calculated for each continent.

Interphase-Controlled Inkjet Printing of MicroInlaid OLEDs: Effects of Solvent- and Solute-Polymer Interactions.

Inkjet printing, a highly promising technique for the cost-effective fabrication of large-scale organic light-emitting devices (OLEDs), typically necessitates the intricate alignment of precisely patterned insulating layers. Recently, we introduced a unique single-step inkjet printing process that produces well-patterned microinlaid spots of functional compounds through insulating polymer layers. This approach exploits lateral phase separation between the solute of functional compounds and the polymer, allowing the simultaneous spatial etching of the polymer and the infilling of the solute using a single inkjet-printed sessile droplet.

Comparative efficacy of biologics for patients with inadequately controlled asthma: A network meta-analysis.

Background: Few studies have evaluated the comparative efficacy of biologics for asthma. This network meta-analysis aimed to compare the efficacy of biologics.

Methods: This study included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the efficacy of a biologic compared to a placebo or another biologic in patients with inadequately controlled asthma despite high-intensity treatment, published by January 6, 2022.

Cardioprotective Effects of PARP Inhibitors: A Re-Analysis of a Meta-Analysis and a Real-Word Data Analysis Using the FAERS Database.

This study aimed to assess the potential of PARP inhibitors to prevent cardiotoxicity. First, a re-analysis and update of a previously published study was conducted. Additional searches were conducted of the PubMed and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases on 2 June 2023.

Comparative effects of glucose-lowering agents on endothelial function and arterial stiffness in patients with type 2 diabetes: A network meta-analysis.

Background And Aims: Despite accumulating evidence on the potential of glucose-lowering agents (GLAs) to prevent cardiovascular events, the comparative effects of GLAs on vascular function remain unclear. This study utilized validated indicators such as flow-mediated dilation (FMD; positive value favors) and pulse wave velocity (PWV; negative value favors) to uncover the comparative effects of GLAs on vascular function.

Methods: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing the effects of GLAs on FMD or PWV with placebo or other GLAs in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) were searched through PubMed and Embase.

Integration of the Natural Language Processing of Structural Information Simplified Molecular-Input Line-Entry System Can Improve the In Vitro Prediction of Human Skin Sensitizers.

Natural language processing (NLP) technology has recently used to predict substance properties based on their Simplified Molecular-Input Line-Entry System (SMILES). We aimed to develop a model predicting human skin sensitizers by integrating text features derived from SMILES with in vitro test outcomes. The dataset on SMILES, physicochemical properties, in vitro tests (DPRA, KeratinoSens, h-CLAT, and SENS-IS assays), and human potency categories for 122 substances sourced from the Cosmetics Europe database.

Enhancement of the therapeutic efficacy of the MAP regimen using thiamine pyrophosphate-decorated albumin nanoclusters in osteosarcoma treatment.

Recent studies on osteosarcoma regimens have mainly focused on modifying the combination of antineoplastic agents rather than enhancing the therapeutic efficacy of each component. Here, an albumin nanocluster (NC)-assisted methotrexate (MTX), doxorubicin (DOX), and cisplatin (MAP) regimen with improved antitumor efficacy is presented. Human serum albumin (HSA) is decorated with thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP) to increase the affinity to the bone tumor microenvironment (TME).

Risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus in adult patients with atopic dermatitis.

Aims: This study aimed to investigate the subsequent risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) in adults newly diagnosed with atopic dermatitis (AD).

Methods: This propensity score-matching cohort study used data from the National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort (NHIS-NSC) 2.0 database in South Korea from 2002 to 2015.

Novel innovative computer-based test (Inno-CBT) item types for national licensing examinations for health care professionals.

Background: An effective test mechanism to evaluate clinical knowledge and skills of the entry-level healthcare professionals is important for providing clinical competency and improving patient care. This study aimed to develop novel, innovative computer-based test (Inno-CBT) item types for application in the national examination of Korean healthcare professionals.

Methods: This exploratory study was conducted from May 2021 to March 2022 by a team of faculty members from pharmacy schools in South Korea.

Effects of Omega-3 Fatty Acids on Flow-mediated Dilatation and Carotid Intima Media Thickness: A Meta-analysis.

Purpose Of Review: To investigate the effects of omega-3 fatty acids on flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) and carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) and explore the factors influencing these effects.

Recent Findings: FMD was significantly higher in the omega-3 fatty acid group compared to the control group (mean difference = 0.90%; p = 0.

Clinical impacts of the concomitant use of L-asparaginase and total parenteral nutrition containing L-aspartic acid in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Introduction: L-asparaginase (ASNase) depletes L-asparagine and causes the death of leukemic cells, making it a mainstay for the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). However, ASNase's activity can be inhibited by L-aspartic acid (Asp), which competes for the same substrate and reduces the drug's efficacy. While many commercially used total parenteral nutrition (TPN) products contain Asp, it is unclear how the concomitant use of TPNs containing Asp (Asp-TPN) affects ALL patients treated with ASNase.

Machine-learning based prediction models for assessing skin irritation and corrosion potential of liquid chemicals using physicochemical properties by XGBoost.

Unlabelled: Skin irritation test is an essential part of the safety assessment of chemicals. Recently, computational models to predict the skin irritation draw attention as alternatives to animal testing. We developed prediction models on skin irritation/corrosion of liquid chemicals using machine learning algorithms, with 34 physicochemical descriptors calculated from the structure.

Electrocatalytic Properties of CoO Prepared on Carbon Fibers by Thermal Metal-Organic Deposition for the Oxygen Evolution Reaction in Alkaline Water Electrolysis.

Cobalt oxide (CoO) serves as a promising electrocatalyst for oxygen evolution reactions (OER) in water-electrolytic hydrogen production. For more practical applications, advances in dry-deposition processes for the high-throughput fabrication of such CoO electrocatalysts are needed. In this work, a thermal metal-organic deposition (MOD) technique is developed to form CoO deposits on microscale-diameter carbon fibers constituting a carbon fiber paper (CFP) substrate for high-efficiency OER electrocatalyst applications.

Effects of very low-carbohydrate ketogenic diets on lipid profiles in normal-weight (body mass index < 25 kg/m2) adults: a meta-analysis.

Context: Very low-carbohydrate diets or ketogenic diets (KDs) have garnered attention for weight loss in patients with overweight or obesity as well as for normal-weight adults, yet the adverse effects of KDs, such as dyslipidemia in normal-weight adults, have not been studied extensively.

Objective: This meta-analysis aimed to identify the effects of KDs on the lipid profile in normal-weight (body mass index [BMI] < 25 kg/m2) adults from randomized controlled trials.

Data Sources: PubMed and Embase databases were searched on November 21, 2021, using search terms representing KDs and lipid profiles.

Comparison of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and thiazolidinediones on treating nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A network meta-analysis.

Background/aims: Previous studies have revealed that glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA) and thiazolidinedione (TZD) can improve nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) or nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). However, comprehensive research comparing the effects of GLP-1RA and TZD is limited. Thus, this study aimed to compare the effects of GLP-1RA and TZD on NAFLD or NASH through a network meta-analysis.

Participation in and withdrawal from cancer clinical trials: A survey of clinical research coordinators.

Objective: Poor accrual and withdrawal are the main reasons for the failure of cancer clinical trials. As clinical research coordinators (CRCs) work at the frontlines of clinical trials, CRCs can best identify the main factors that influence patient participation and dropout and suggest potential remedial measures. This study aimed to investigate participation and withdrawal in cancer clinical trials through a survey of CRCs.

Fine-Tuning BERT Models to Classify Misinformation on Garlic and COVID-19 on Twitter.

Garlic-related misinformation is prevalent whenever a virus outbreak occurs. With the outbreak of COVID-19, garlic-related misinformation is spreading through social media, including Twitter. Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT) can be used to classify misinformation from a vast number of tweets.

Frequently reported adverse events of rebamipide compared to other drugs for peptic ulcer and gastroesophageal reflux disease.

This study aimed to detect safety signals of rebamipide and search for adverse events (AEs) of rebamipide that are more common than those of other drugs for peptic ulcer disease (PUD) and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) in the elderly population. A total of 101,735 AE reports for drugs used to treat PUD and GERD between 2009 and 2018 from the KIDS-KAERS database (KIDS-KD) were used. Disproportionality analysis was performed to calculate the proportional reporting ratio (PRR), reporting odds ratio (ROR), and information component (IC).

The risk of pulmonary adverse drug reactions of rebamipide and other drugs for acid-related diseases: An analysis of the national pharmacovigilance database in South Korea.

Objective: The objective of this case/non-case study was to detect rebamipide-related pulmonary adverse events (AE) compared with other drugs for acid-related disorders based on population-level data.

Methods: From 2009 to 2018, AE reports on drugs for acid-related disorders, which are anatomical therapeutic chemical code A02B drugs, in the Korea Adverse Events Reporting System (KAERS) database were examined. The reporting odds ratio (ROR) was calculated, and the odds of reporting pulmonary AE for rebamipide and all other A02B drugs were compared.

Effects of Coffee Consumption on Insulin Resistance and Sensitivity: A Meta-Analysis.

Coffee is widely consumed worldwide and impacts glucose metabolism. After a previous meta-analysis that evaluated the effects of coffee consumption on insulin resistance and sensitivity, additional randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were conducted. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effects of coffee consumption on insulin resistance or sensitivity.