[Somatic pathology in elderly and senile persons suffering from Alzheimer's disease and Alzheimer's type dementia.].

In order to study the prevalence of chronic somatic age-associated pathology in elderly and senile people suffering from Alzheimer's type dementia with the presentation of the hypothesis of somatopsychic pathogenetic comorbidity observation and treatment, 217 patients were observed, conditionally divided into 2 comparable groups: with a definitive diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (n=73) and with so-called Alzheimer's type dementia (n=144). Distinct differences in the variants of comorbid to the selected types of dementia of somatic pathology were determined, which had a negative impact not only in terms of the occurrence of cognitive disorders, but also in the future, during the formation of the most severe variants of dementia. In cases of Alzheimer's disease, pathological processes in the large intestine turned out to be leading, with Alzheimer's type dementia - diseases of the circulatory system and type 2 diabetes mellitus.

[The state of the oral cavity in early diagnosis and predicting cognitive disorders.].

A review of the literature on the problem of the use of non-invasive technologies in early diagnosis and prediction of age-associated cognitive decline associated with Alzheimer's disease is presented. The main attention is paid to the study of the buccal epithelium, oral fluid, as surrogate models of degenerative lesions of cerebral structures, as well as determining the role of oral microorganisms in the formation and development of cognitive disorders. An original hypothesis of neurodegenerative lesions of cerebral structures is presented, on the basis of which an algorithm for studying the state of the oral cavity is proposed in order to detect and predict cognitive deficits as early as possible.

[Ontogenetic principles of accelerated aging and the prospects for its prevention and treatment.].

This article examines the phenomenon of «intrauterine programming», which largely determines the further life cycle and the likelihood of developing a number of age-associated pathological processes. The possibility of the formation of pathological (accelerated) aging at various stages of ontogenesis is discussed with the use of large literary material from the standpoint of modern science. The reasons, mechanisms and phenotypic manifestations of accelerated aging and the possibilities of the earliest one, its diagnosis starting from the perinatal period, and prediction of age-associated pathologies are discussed in close interrelation.

[The possibility of using the results of the study of oral fluid and buccal epithelium in the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease.].

The article presents the results of the first experience of comparative studies of the state of the oral fluid and buccal epithelium in 12 patients suffering from Alzheimer's disease, and in 12 individuals without any signs of cognitive impairment. In the course of the study, the correlative relationships of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory factors of the oral fluid, the main cytological changes of the buccal epithelium with the results obtained during neuropsychological testing using the MMSE and ADAS-COG scales were studied. This comparative study is associated with the assumption of a common ectodermal origin of the nervous tissue and buccal epithelium, which may be due to systemic pathological changes in the tissues of a single embryonic embryo leaf.

[The dependence of medical and diagnostic measures carried out in geriatrics on age, gender and the doctor's health status.].

The article discusses the probable dependence of the actions of a specialist working with geriatric patients on the age, gender, and other characteristics of this specialist. This seemingly unconventional approach to research in the field of gerontology and geriatrics reveals distinct differences in a number of aspects of clinical thinking and following clinical recommendations in doctors of different ages, genders, and in different states of their own health. On the basis of a survey of 126 doctors and an analysis of 2 394 of their opinions, the results were obtained, indicating a certain conservatism of doctors over the age of 50, especially men with extensive clinical experience.

[Sexual activity: dependence on age, gender, various cardiovascular diseases and cerebral stroke.].

The purpose of this study was to determine the place and role of sexual disorders in representatives of different sexes and ages in the development of background for cerebral stroke pathology and the formation of the clinical picture of acute stroke period and its consequences. Questions of intimate life of 111 patients (58 men and 53 women) in the periods preceding a stroke were considered in detail and possible connections with clinical features of an acute period of in-Soult were defined. In 77 of these 111 patients, we studied the dynamics of sexual disorders in connection with the features of a functional defect that formed 3-24 months after a stroke.

[Lower urinary tract syndrome in elderly and senile people with combined pathology of the prostate and lumbar spine.].

In order to determine the place and role of degenerative changes in the lumbar spine in the pathogenesis of lower urinary tract syndrome and the success of treatment measures, 106 elderly and senile male patients suffering from benign prostatic hyperplasia and spinal pathology were observed. Long-term chronic lower back pain was experienced by 48 (45,3%) patients, 93,8% of them had night urination, 75% had difficulty urinating, and 60,4% had false urge to urinate, which motivated them to contact a urologist.The differences identified using the IPSS questionnaire, respectively 21,78±4,33 and 16,33±4,61 points, indicated a negative value of chronic pain syndrome in the formation of the overall clinical picture of urological pathology.

[Indicators of the hormonal spectrum in the acute period of stroke in representatives of different gender and age with different degrees of severity of functional disorders.].

The level of serum levels of a number of hormones in the acute period of stroke was determined in 29 men and 29 women aged 45 to 88 years. Comparison of the results obtained was carried out in relation to the age of the patients and the severity of the functional defect formed at the end of the acute period of stroke. The most pronounced dynamics in relation to different severity of functional disorders was found for cortisol, aldosterone and estradiol (p=0,014-0,022) in men under the age of 60 years and for testosterone (p=0,001-0,0001) in men 60-88 years.

[Cognitive aging and cognitive reserve: point of contact.].

The high risk of cognitive disorders in the elderly and senile age makes, on the one hand, to look for their causes, on the other - the possibility of prevention. In this regard, in recent years, the concept of cognitive reserve has become widespread, implying a set of quantitative parameters of the brain and its ability to maintain high functional activity in the process of aging and against the background of age-related brain pathology. The material presented in the article on the basis of the review of scientific literature highlights two main points concerning the possibility of preserving the cognitive reserve-gender and educational factors.

[Age-associated cognitive impairment and intestinal microbiota: state of the issue and prospects for further study.].

In recent years, the relationship between the microbial flora of the gastrointestinal tract, mainly the intestinal microbiota, and the state of various brain structures responsible for cognitive functioning has been actively studied. Special attention is paid to the transformation of the intestinal microbiota during aging and against the background of age-associated pathologies such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. The material presented in the article, based on a review of the scientific literature of recent years, highlights the main points of interaction between the intestinal microbiota and the Central nervous system in the conditions of norm, pathology and age dynamics.

[Stress-induced pathology and accelerated aging.].

The study involving 317 former combatants aged 24 to 69 years was conducted. The aim of the study was to determine the regularities of the age dynamics of stress-induced pathology of combatants to develop the concept of their accelerated aging as a final component of the consequences of combat stress. It turned out that in relation to the period of influence of factors of combat stress and age, first manifests the pathology of the musculoskeletal system, gastrointestinal tract and arterial hypertension, then-cardiovascular disease associated with atherosclerosis.

[Gender-specific features of cardiovascular diseases in representatives of different age.].

The literature review systematizes the results of research devoted to age-and sex-related aspects of cardiovascular pathology and published in Russian and foreign publications is presented in the well-known scientometric databases - Scopus, Web of Science, Pub Med, RISC, etc. The article also presents the results of their own research and the author's vision of the issues. The result of the analysis was a reasonable conclusion that the representatives of different sex and age to a large extent differently formed and development pathological processes in the cardiovascular system.

[The diagnosis and treatment of Alzheimer's disease the representatives of elderly and senile age.].

The article deals with the important issue of diagnosis and treatment of Alzheimer's disease in the elderly and senile age. Despite the fact that this disease is considered, of course, age-associated pathology, which is the main cause of senile dementia, its diagnosis in Russia is exhibited rather rarely compared with dementia, for example, of vascular origin. This is due, in the author's opinion, not only with the difficulties of in-vivo diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease, but, first of all, with the characteristic of the elderly and senile multiplicity of pathological processes.

[Possibilities of application of remote educational technologies in the training of doctors on gerontology and geriatrics.].

The article raises a very important problem devoted to the possibility of using distance learning technologies in the system of postgraduate training of doctors in gerontology and geriatrics. In the comparative aspect, the advantages and disadvantages of distance education are given, the possibilities of their application in different variants of training a geriatrician doctor with different duration of training cycles are evaluated. The problem is considered from the point of view of the doctor, his employer, representatives of the educational organization taking into account the existing normative, legislative acts.

[Features of the clinical picture, diagnosis and treatment of pain syndromes formed on the basis of combined lesions of the spine in the elderly and senile age.].

Based on the long-term observation of 105 representatives of the elderly and senile age, the features of the clinical picture of pain syndromes formed in the elderly and senile age on the basis of combined spinal lesions in osteoporosis and spondylarthrosis are presented, and methods of diagnosis and treatment of such patients are proposed. The main variants of symptoms developing in response to long-term tonic muscle tension in degenerative age-dependent injuries of vertebral bodies, intervertebral discs and facet joints at the level of thoracic and lumbosacral spine are shown. Pathogenetic connections of frequent urination disorders in the elderly and senile age with pathological processes in the spine and muscular-tonic pain syndromes were determined.

[The main diseases and syndromes identified in patients of elderly and senile age, hospitalized in the hospitals of a different profile.].

There was held stationary survey of 661 patients in different age: 234 - from 60 to 102 years, 427 - from 18 to 59 years. Identify options for pathology, clearly increasing its prevalence in parallel with the increase of age. It is, first and foremost, diseases of musculoskeletal apparatus, gastrointestinal tract and cardiovascular system.

[Age-associated pathology and the location of geriatrics as a medical specialty (reflections of Clinician).].

In this article from the perspective of an experienced Clinician discusses controversial issues of pathological processes associated with the elderly and senile age, and some aspects of the problem of the formation of the geriatric services that require further discussion. The contents of this document may be submitted for all General discussion on the pages of the magazine.

[Status and prospects of gerontology and geriatricsin the regions of Russia (on the example of Sverdlovsk region).].

The article describes the situation with the development of gerontology in the regions of the Russian Federation on the example of Sverdlovsk region. The positive and negative aspects of the possibilities of scientific research in the field of gerontology, training of geriatric doctors in the Ural medical University and the state of geriatric service of the region are presented. A number of changes are proposed in the existing provisions on the formation and development of gerontology science and practice, while preserving decades of regional traditions.

[Epidemiological, clinical and pathogenic features of stroke in elderly and senile age].

A comparative investigation of the epidemiological, clinical and pathogenetic indices of cerebral stroke in 1 153 representatives of different age was conducted. The predominance in the incidence of strokes among women of elderly and senile age largely is due to higher life expectancy of women compared to men. A significant number of intracerebral blood effusions in elderly and senile can arise secondarily, after the ischemic focus formation by the type of «red softening».

[Age aspects of the muscular-tonic and urological syndromes in men with disorders of the pelvic functions: the features of clinic, diagnostics, treatment].

A comparative examination of 100 patients at different ages, suffering from disorders of micturition, erectile function and pelvic pain, identified age-related peculiarities of these pathological manifestations. Irritative disorders of urination was detected significantly more frequently among persons of young and middle age than the elderly, and obstructive-related disorders were more frequent in the elderly. In elderly and senile age more prevalent was reducing of the contractility of the detrusor, and at a younger age - increased tone of striated sphincter of the urethra and bladder hyperactivity.

[Syndrome of emotional burnout among women-physicians elderly].

The article presents the results of a comparative study of clinical symptoms of syndrome of emotional burnout among 84 working in the specialty physician of older women and 48 officially ceasing operations in this specialty. The findings suggest that burnout can take place among representatives of older age and more it is continued, provided professional activities. The cessation of the work activities leads to stress, often with the subsequent development post-traumatic stress disorder and stress-induced diseases.

[The formation and dynamics of cognitive disordersin acute period of stroke in representatives different ages.].

In a sample of 116 patients aged 23 to 82 years was conducted study of the state of the cognitive sphere in the final stage of the acute period of ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke. Signs of cognitive deficits were detected in 80 (70%) of them, often over the age of 60 years and against the background of ischemic stroke. But only 8,6% of the representatives of elderly and senile patients disorders of cognitive functions are first diagnosed on a background of stroke.

[Comparative analysis of different methods of geroprotective].

In the monitoring process 110 representatives of different age groups held a comparative analysis of the efficacy and safety of several geroprotective techniques, including the use of dry carbon dioxide baths, hyperbaric oxygen therapy, therapeutic massage and receiving Oligopeptide preparations containing complexes lysyl-glutamyl-asparagin and glutamyl-asparagin-arginine (Vezugen and Pinealon). The most pronounced positive impact on indicators of biological age were detected during the combined use of these two Oligopeptide complexes. The most safe from the point of view of influence on a number of biochemical, immunological parameters, clinical condition of the patients were therapeutic massage and Oligopeptide drugs.

[Clinical and pathogenetic features of ischemic stroke among representatives of different gender and age].

We observed 1410 patients of different gender and age with ischemic stroke of 4 main clinical and pathogenic types - atherothrombotic, cardioembolic, hemodynamic and lacunar. The dependence of the pathogenic type of stroke, background options for stroke pathology and risk factors of stroke on sex and age of patients was analyzed. We founded out that atherothrombotic ischemic stroke is more common for persons of retirement age, and in working paeople - gap and hemodynamic once, although atherothrombotic strokes in this age group were more frequently observed among men.