Publications by authors named "Mwangala Akapelwa"
Globally, there have been increasing reports of antimicrobial resistance in nontyphoidal (NTS), which can develop into severe and potentially life-threatening diarrhea. This study focuses on the synergistic effects of DNA gyrase mutations and plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes, specifically , on fluoroquinolone (FQ) resistance in Typhimurium. By utilizing recombinant mutants, GyrA and GyrA, and QnrB19's, we discovered a significant increase in fluoroquinolones resistance when QnrB19 is present.
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- * Researchers discovered two new fluoroquinolone compounds, WQ-3810 and WQ-3334, which show high inhibitory activity against both wild-type and mutant DNA gyrases of Salmonella Typhimurium.
- * The chemical structure of these compounds, particularly specific substitutions, significantly enhances their antimicrobial activity, making them promising candidates for treating fluoroquinolone-resistant infections.
We describe the genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships of Mycobacterium bovis, isolated from cattle in Malawi. Deletion analysis, spoligotyping, and MIRU-VNTR typing were used to genotype the isolates. Combined with a larger dataset from neighboring countries, the overall M.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMycobacterium avium, a member of the M. avium complex (MAC), is the major pathogen contributing to nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) infections worldwide. Fluoroquinolones (FQs) are recommended for the treatment of macrolide-resistant MACs.
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- The study investigates pyrazinamide (PZA) susceptibility in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) isolates in Nepal, revealing issues in its use for treating both susceptible and multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB).
- A total of 211 MTB isolates were analyzed, focusing on the pncA gene and its regulatory region, finding that 125 (59.2%) had mutations linked to PZA resistance, with 87 isolates (41.2%) confirmed as resistant.
- The results indicate a significant correlation between pncA mutations and MDR or pre-extensively drug-resistant TB, stressing the need for PZA susceptibility testing before starting treatment in Nepal.
Objective: Zambia is among the 30 high tuberculosis burden countries in the world. Despite increasing reports of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) in routine surveillance, information on the transmission of MDR Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains is largely unknown. This study elucidated the genetic diversity and transmission of MDR M.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEarly detection and treatment are paramount for the timely control of Mycobacterium avium infections. Herein, we designed a LAMP assay targeting a widely used species-specific marker IS1245 for the rapid detection of M. avium and evaluated its applicability using human (n = 137) and pig (n = 91) M.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBovine tuberculosis (bTB) is a neglected disease that affects cattle and humans. The burden of bTB is higher in developing countries as compared to industrialized countries. The reasons behind this discrepancy include the fact that bTB control measures, such as testing and slaughter of infected cattle and pasteurization of milk, are not usually practised in developing countries largely because of their high cost.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBovine tuberculosis (TB) caused by Mycobacterium bovis is a significant health threat to cattle and a zoonotic threat for humans in many developing countries. Rapid and accurate detection of M. bovis is fundamental for controlling the disease in animals and humans, and for the proper treatment of patients as one of the first-line anti-TB drug, pyrazinamide, is ineffective against M.
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- The study investigates antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) in coliform bacteria isolated from environmental water in Thailand, an area with limited previous research on this topic.
- Researchers collected samples from 20 locations, assessing the bacteria's resistance to various antibiotics and analyzing the genetic components associated with resistance, specifically plasmids containing ARGs.
- Findings revealed a high level of resistance among the isolated bacteria, with ARGs found on IncFrepB plasmids, suggesting that resistance may spread on farms, highlighting the need for better antibiotic usage and hygiene management.