Novel applications of metformin in the treatment of septic myocardial injury based on metabolomics and network pharmacology.

Background: While metformin has shown promise in treating septic myocardial injury (SMI), its underlying mechanisms and impact on metabolic disturbances remain poorly understood.

Methods: This study employed an integrated approach of metabolomics and network pharmacology to identify key targets and pathways through which metformin may act against SMI. Findings were validated using a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced mouse model.

EPSTI1 promotes osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption by PKR/NF-κB signaling.

Background: Epithelial stromal interaction 1 (EPSTI1) plays an important role in M1 macrophages, which induce osteoclastogenesis. One recent genome-wide association study (GWAS) involving 426,824 individuals has shown that EPSTI1 is strongly associated with osteoporosis (P < 5E-8). Therefore, we speculate that EPSTI1 participates in the modulation of osteoporosis through osteoclastogenesis.

Relationship between cathepsins and cardiovascular diseases: a Mendelian randomized study.

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading age-related disorders worldwide, with their prevalence increasing annually. Cathepsins are protein-degrading enzymes essential for processes such as intracellular protein breakdown, apoptosis, and immune responses. Recent studies suggest a potential link between cathepsins and CVDs, yet the exact causal relationship remains to be elucidated.

Enhancement of autophagy can alleviate oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis induced by ammonia stress in yellow catfish Pelteobagrus fulvidraco.

Ammonia in aquatic environments is toxic to fish, directly impacting their growth performance and development. Activation of autophagy can facilitate intracellular component renewal and enhance an organism's adaptability to adverse environments. Therefore, this study investigates the impact of autophagy on the yellow catfish under acute ammonia stress.

Proteomic Analysis of Collagen: a Mass Spectrometry Approach to Material Identification of Shadow Puppet Cultural Relics.

Shadow puppets are a popular art form in various regions, including China, Indonesia, and Turkey, and are rich in cultural significance. However, there is a considerable lack of research on the materials, diseases and conservation techniques related to shadow puppet relics. Material identification is the basis for understanding the production process of ancient shadow puppet relics and evaluating their deterioration degree.

The SLC38A9-mTOR axis is involved in autophagy in the juvenile yellow catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco) under ammonia stress.

The primary objective of this study was to examine the effect of acute ammonia stress on hepatic physiological alterations in yellow catfish by performing a comprehensive analysis of the metabolome and transcriptome. The present study showed that ammonia stress led to liver metabolic disruption, functional incapacitation, and oxidative damage. Transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses revealed transcriptional and metabolic differences in the liver of yellow catfish under control and high ammonia stress conditions.

Relationship between Parkinson's disease and cardio-cerebrovascular diseases: a Mendelian randomized study.

Parkinson's disease (PD) and cardio-cerebrovascular diseases are related, according to earlier studies, but these studies have some controversy. Our aim was to assess the impact of PD on cardiocerebrovascular diseases using a Mendelian randomization (MR) method. The data for PD were single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from a publicly available genome-wide association study (GWAS) dataset containing data on 482,730 individuals.

Causal influence of muscle weakness on cardiometabolic diseases and osteoporosis.

The causal roles of muscle weakness in cardiometabolic diseases and osteoporosis remain elusive. This two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study aims to explore the causal roles of muscle weakness in the risk of cardiometabolic diseases and osteoporosis. 15 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs, P < 5 × 10) associated with muscle weakness were used as instrumental variables.

Effects of ammonia and roxithromycin exposure on skin mucus microbiota composition and immune response of juvenile yellow catfish Pelteobagrus fulvidraco.

As an inevitable factor in aquaculture, ammonia plays a critical role in macrolide antibiotic resistance, leading to accumulating of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in fish skin mucus. In this study, four experimental groups were implemented to test the effects of ammonia alone or in combination with roxithromycin for 28 days on skin mucus microbial composition and the immune response of yellow catfish: CON (control), AN (50.00 mg L total ammonia nitrogen, TA-N), ROX (100 μg L roxithromycin), and HR (50.

Temporal correlations of ferroptosis, inflammation and oxidative stress under acute ammonia exposure in brain tissue of yellow catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco).

Ammonia is one of the most serious environmental stressors which severely affect fishery production. Ammonia toxicity to fish has a tight relationship with oxidative stress, inflammation and ferroptosis (a type of programmed cell death characterized by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation), but the temporal response of the above three in brain remains unclear. In the present study, yellow catfish were exposed to three concentrations of ammonia: low concentration (TA-N ˂ 0.

Comprehensive analysis of metabolomics on flesh quality of yellow catfish () fed plant-based protein diet.

Background: To investigate the mechanism of plant protein components on nutritional value, growth performance, flesh quality, flavor, and proliferation of myocytes of yellow catfish ().

Methods: A total of 540 yellow catfish were randomly allotted into six experimental groups with three replicates and fed six different diets for 8 weeks.

Results And Conclusions: The replacement of fish meal with cottonseed meal (CM), sesame meal (SEM), and corn gluten meal (CGM) in the diet significantly reduced growth performance, crude protein, and crude lipid, but the flesh texture (hardness and chewiness) was observably increased.

Size dependent effects of nanoplastics and microplastics on the nitrogen cycle of microbial flocs.

NANO: and microplastics (NPs/MPs) are a new type of persistent environmental pollutant. Microbial flocs are a type of microbial aggregate commonly used in aquaculture. To investigate the impact of NPs/MPs on microbial flocs with different particle sizes: NPs/MPs-80 nm (M 0.

Toxicity of common biocides used in aquaculture to embryos and larvae of Brachymystax tsinlingensis Li.

Brachymystax tsinlingensis Li is a threatened fish species endemic to China. With the problems of environmental factors and seeding breeding diseases, it is important to further improve the efficiency of seeding breeding and the basis of resource protection. This study investigated the acute toxicity of copper, zinc and methylene blue (MB) on hatching, survival, morphology, heart rate (HR) and stress behaviour of B.

Responses of under Ammonia Stress and the Effects of a Potential Ammonia Antidote.

Ammonia is a common environmental limiting factor in aquaculture. To investigate the effects of ammonia stress and explore the protective effect of N-carbamylglutamate (NCG) on (), tissue sections and parameters related to oxidative stress and the inflammatory response in were carried out during the ammonia stress test and feeding test. The results demonstrated that the LC50 for 24 h, 48 h, 72 h, and 96 h under ammonia stress in were 25.

Causal Roles of Sleep Duration in Osteoporosis and Cardiometabolic Diseases: A Mendelian Randomization Study.

Sleep duration suggests some association with osteoporosis and cardiometabolic diseases, but it is unknown if these associations are causal or confounded. In this two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study, we included the largest genome-wide association studies (GWASs) associated with sleep duration and the outcome measures of osteoporosis and cardiometabolic diseases. Finally, 25 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with short sleep duration and 7 SNPs associated with long sleep duration obtained the genome-wide significance ( < 5 × 10) and were used as instrumental variables.

The Effect of Behavior Couples Therapy on Alcohol and Drug Use Disorder: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Aims: Behavior couples therapy (BCT) is widely considered to be effective in the treatment of substance use disorders. However, the effect size of BCT in different outcome measures, and at different time points requires further study to prove it.

Methods: Systematic searches were performed in various databases.

The effect of exposure and response prevention therapy on obsessive-compulsive disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

This meta-analysis mainly examined the effect size of exposure and response prevention (ERP) for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) when compared with different control conditions, and the difference in the efficacy of different variants of ERP in the treatment of OCD. Thirty studies were included, involving 39 randomized controlled trials with 1793 participants, from 30 studies up to January 18, 2022. Hedge's g was calculated using random-effects models.

The Distribution Pattern of First-Line Anti-Tuberculosis Drug Concentrations between the Blood and the Vertebral Focus of Spinal Tuberculosis Patients.

Background: Anti-tuberculosis drug concentrations are critical for the treatment of spinal tuberculosis. The distribution pattern of anti-tuberculosis drugs between the blood and the vertebral focus needs to be further explored.

Methods: A total of 31 spinal tuberculosis patients were prospectively included and then divided into a sclerotic group (15 cases) and a non-sclerotic group (16 cases) according to their preoperative CTs.

The argininosuccinate synthetase can differentially regulate nitric oxide synthase in yellow catfish Pelteobagrus fulvidraco.

Fish are at high risk of exposure to ammonia in aquaculture systems. When ammonia stress occurs, fish are more prone to disease outbreaks, but the mechanism is not very clear. The argininosuccinate synthetase (ASS) plays an important role in the regulation of urea synthesis and nitric oxide synthesis.

Establishment of hyperammonemia mode in yellow catfish and the mitigation of exogenous L-ornithine-L-aspartate.

Ammonia stress can lead to fish ammonia poisoning. The l-ornithine-l-aspartate (LoLa) has potential value in treating fish hyperammonemia. This study tried to establish a hyperammonemia mode of yellow catfish, which was used to evaluate the effect of LoLa on hyperammonemia.

Glutamine synthetase (GS) deficiency can affect ammonia tolerance of yellow catfish Pelteobagrus fulvidraco.

Glutamine synthetase (GS) plays a crucial role in the regulation of glutamine synthesis in fish which is a very effective ammonia detoxification strategy. In this study, the full-length GS was cloned from the liver of yellow catfish. The full-length cDNA sequence of GS was 1928 bp in length and encoded 371 amino acids.

Causal associations of circulating adiponectin with cardiometabolic diseases and osteoporotic fracture.

Circulating adiponectin shows some relationships with the occurrence of cardiometabolic diseases and osteoporotic fracture, but little is known about their causal associations. This two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study aims to explore the causal roles of circulating adiponectin in cardiometabolic diseases and osteoporotic fracture. We used 15 single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with circulating adiponectin as the instrumental variables.

Value of Postoperative Serum Albumin to Predict Postoperative Complication Severity in Spinal Tuberculosis.

Background: Many complications occur after surgery in patients with spinal tuberculosis (STB); however, the severity varies in different patients. The complications' severity is evaluated from grades I to V by the Clavien-Dindo classification (CDC), and grade V is the most severe. Most complications are mild, and only severe complications are life threatening, and thus, it is important to identify severe complications in patients with STB.

The risk factors of the postoperative poor wound healing in spinal tuberculosis patients: A single centre retrospective cohort study.

The purpose of this study is to find out the risk factors of poor wound healing (PWH) in spinal tuberculosis (STB) patients. A total of 232 STB patients who underwent debridement surgery between January 2012 to June 2020 were included in this retrospective study. The study cohort was divided into two groups according to the presence or absence of PWH.