Wen-Shen-Tong-Luo-Zhi-Tong-Decoction inhibits bone loss in senile osteoporosis model mice by promoting testosterone production.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Wen-Shen-Tong-Luo-Zhi-Tong-Decoction (WSTLZTD) is a traditional Chinese medicine formula, and its effectiveness in the treatment of senile osteoporosis(SOP) has been confirmed by clinical studies. However, the underlying mechanism of WSTLZTD in SOP is unclear.

Aim Of The Study: This study aimed to clarify the unique effects of Wen-Shen-Tong-Luo-Zhi-Tong-Decoction(WSTLZTD) on senile osteoporosis(SOP) and its underlying mechanisms.

Astragaloside IV alleviates macrophage senescence and d-galactose-induced bone loss in mice through STING/NF-κB pathway.

Background: Senile osteoporosis (SOP) is an age-related metabolic bone disease that currently lacks specific therapeutic interventions. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the effect of Astragaloside IV (AS-IV) on macrophage senescence, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) osteogenesis, and SOP progression.

Methods: A senescent macrophage model was established and treated with varying concentrations of AS-IV.

Sirtuins mediate mitochondrial quality control mechanisms: a novel therapeutic target for osteoporosis.

Mitochondria plays a role in cell differentiation and apoptosis processes. Maintaining mitochondrial function is critical, and this involves various aspects of mitochondrial quality control such as protein homeostasis, biogenesis, dynamics, and mitophagy. Osteoporosis, a metabolic bone disorder, primarily arises from two factors: the dysregulation between lipogenic and osteogenic differentiation of aging bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, and the imbalance between osteoblast-mediated bone formation and osteoclast-mediated bone resorption.

Immune Cell-Derived Exosomes in Inflammatory Disease and Inflammatory Tumor Microenvironment: A Review.

Inflammation is a common feature of many inflammatory diseases and tumors, and plays a decisive role in their development. Exosomes are extracellular vesicles unleashed by assorted types of cells, and it is widely known that exosomes of different immune cell sources play different functions. Exosome production has recently been reported for immune cells comprising macrophages, T cells, B cells, and dendritic cells (DCs).

Wen-Shen-Tong-Luo-Zhi-Tong Decoction regulates bone-fat balance in osteoporosis by adipocyte-derived exosomes.

Context: Wen-Shen-Tong-Luo-Zhi-Tong (WSTLZT) Decoction is a Chinese prescription with antiosteoporosis effects, especially in patients with abnormal lipid metabolism.

Objective: To explore the effect and mechanism of WSTLZT on osteoporosis (OP) through adipocyte-derived exosomes.

Materials And Methods: Adipocyte-derived exosomes with or without WSTLZT treated were identified by transmission electron microscopy, nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA) and western blotting (WB).

Recent advances in tendon tissue engineering strategy.

Tendon injuries often result in significant pain and disability and impose severe clinical and financial burdens on our society. Despite considerable achievements in the field of regenerative medicine in the past several decades, effective treatments remain a challenge due to the limited natural healing capacity of tendons caused by poor cell density and vascularization. The development of tissue engineering has provided more promising results in regenerating tendon-like tissues with compositional, structural and functional characteristics comparable to those of native tendon tissues.

STS loaded PCL-MECM based hydrogel hybrid scaffolds promote meniscal regeneration modulating macrophage phenotype polarization.

Meniscus injury has a limited ability to heal itself and often results in the progression to osteoarthritis. After a meniscus injury, there is an obvious acute or chronic inflammatory response in the articular cavity, which is not conducive to tissue regeneration. M2 macrophages are involved in tissue repair and remodeling.

Engineering exosomes by three-dimensional porous scaffold culture of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells promote osteochondral repair.

Improving the poor microenvironment in the joint cavity has potential for treating cartilage injury, and mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived exosomes (MSC-Exos), which can modulate cellular behavior, are becoming a new cell-free therapy for cartilage repair. Here, we used acellular cartilage extracellular matrix (ACECM) to prepare 3D scaffolds and 2D substrates by low-temperature deposition modeling (LDM) and tape casting. We aimed to investigate whether MSC-Exos cultured on scaffolds of different dimensions could improve the poor joint cavity microenvironment caused by cartilage injury and to explore the related mechanisms.

The role of extracellular vesicles in osteoarthritis treatment via microenvironment regulation.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease that is common among the middle-aged and older populations, causes patients to experience recurrent pain in their joints and negatively affects their quality of life. Currently, therapeutic options for patients with OA consist of medications to alleviate pain and treat the symptoms; however, due to typically poor outcomes, patients with advanced OA are unlikely to avoid joint replacement. In recent years, several studies have linked disrupted homeostasis of the joint cavity microenvironment to the development of OA.

The Role of Zinc in Bone Mesenchymal Stem Cell Differentiation.

Zinc is an essential trace element for bone growth and bone homeostasis in the human body. Bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) are multipotent progenitors existing in the bone marrow stroma with the capability of differentiating along multiple lineage pathways. Zinc plays a paramount role in BMSCs, which can be spurred differentiating into osteoblasts, chondrocytes, or adipocytes, and modulates the formation and activity of osteoclasts.

Effects of adenovirus-mediated knockdown of IRAK4 on synovitis in the osteoarthritis rabbit model.

Background: The use of interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 4 (IRAK4) inhibitor as a treatment for the inflammatory joint disease is a promising method. However, its underlying mechanism in osteoarthritis (OA) remains unclear. The purpose of this study is to look into the effects of adenovirus-mediated knockdown of IRAK4 on synovitis in the OA rabbit model.

Host Response to Biomaterials for Cartilage Tissue Engineering: Key to Remodeling.

Biomaterials play a core role in cartilage repair and regeneration. The success or failure of an implanted biomaterial is largely dependent on host response following implantation. Host response has been considered to be influenced by numerous factors, such as immune components of materials, cytokines and inflammatory agents induced by implants.

Clinical symptoms of COVID-19 pneumonia in children: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: This meta-analysis aimed to compare the clinical symptoms of COVID-19 pneumonia in children.

Methods And Analysis: Electronic databases including PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) database, Wanfang Database, and Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM) were searched from its inception to June 21, 2020. We only included studies that reported clinical symptoms of COVID pneumonia in children.

Potential role of mitochondria in synoviocytes.

Synoviocytes are located in the synovium lining layer, which is composed of macrophage-like synoviocytes (MLS) and fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) with different characteristics. Mitochondria, which exist in most cells, are two membrane-covered organelles. In addition to providing the necessary ATP for synoviocytes, mitochondria are involved in the regulation of redox homeostasis and the integration of synoviocytes death signals.