Beyond Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia: A Comprehensive Review of Chronic Lung Diseases in Neonates.

In neonates, pulmonary diseases such as bronchopulmonary dysplasia and other chronic lung diseases (CLDs) pose significant challenges due to their complexity and high degree of morbidity and mortality. This review discusses the etiology, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, and diagnostic criteria for these conditions, as well as current management strategies. The review also highlights recent advancements in understanding the pathophysiology of these diseases and evolving strategies for their management, including gene therapy and stem cell treatments.

Perinatal Outcomes of Newborns of COVID-19-Infected Pregnant Women: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we aimed to review the characteristics and outcomes of the newborns of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infected pregnant women. We conducted an online bibliographic search using the following electronic databases: MEDLINE via PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Central. Studies were deemed eligible if they recruited newborns from mothers with confirmed COVID-19 and reported the perinatal outcomes of neonatal COVID-19 cases.

Efficacy and Safety of Palivizumab as a Prophylaxis for Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) Disease: An Updated Systemic Review and Meta-Analysis.

This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to summarize the current evidence regarding the efficacy and safety of palivizumab as a prophylaxis for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) disease. We searched MEDLINE via PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane, Web of Science, Embase, and Science Direct from inception till November 2023. Studies that assessed the efficacy and safety of palivizumab in infants aged between 28 days and three months of age were included.

Point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) protocol for systematic assessment of the crashing neonate-expert consensus statement of the international crashing neonate working group.

Sudden unexpected clinical deterioration or cardiorespiratory instability is common in neonates and is often referred as a "crashing" neonate. The established resuscitation guidelines provide an excellent framework to stabilize and evaluate these infants, but it is primarily based upon clinical assessment only. However, clinical assessment in sick neonates is limited in identifying underlying pathophysiology.

A new physiologic-based integrated algorithm in the management of neonatal hemodynamic instability.

Physiologic-based management of hemodynamic instability is proven to guide the logical selection of cardiovascular support and shorten the time to clinical recovery compared to an empiric approach that ignores the heterogeneity of the hemodynamic instability related mechanisms. In this report, we classified neonatal hemodynamic instability, circulatory shock, and degree of compensation into five physiologic categories, based on different phenotypes of blood pressure (BP), other clinical parameters, echocardiography markers, and oxygen indices. This approach is focused on hemodynamic instability in infants with normal cardiac anatomy.

High CPAP vs. NIPPV in preterm neonates - A physiological cross-over study.

Objective: To evaluate the physiological impact of high CPAP (≥9 cmHO) vs. NIPPV at equivalent mean airway pressures.

Study Design: In this cross-over study, preterm neonates on high CPAP or NIPPV were placed on the alternate mode.

Factors Affecting Stabilization Times in Neonatal Transport.

Objective: During transport, the time spent in stabilizing sick infants before repatriation is crucial in optimizing the outcome and effective use of resources. The study aim was to assess individual components of neonatal transport time to identify opportunities to minimize delay, optimize care, and improve the overall efficiency of transport.

Methods: A single-center prospective observational study conducted at McMaster Children's Hospital, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, with a dedicated transport team for over 12 months.

High continuous positive airway pressure in neonates: A physiological study.

Objective: We sought to evaluate physiological cardiorespiratory implications of high pressures (>8 cmH O) on continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) in preterm neonates.

Methods: Fifteen preterm neonates at postmenstrual age ≥32 weeks on CPAP 5 cmH O were enrolled. Pressures were increased by 2 cmH O increments until 13 cmH O.

Introduction of microsystems in a level 3 neonatal intensive care unit-an interprofessional approach.

Background: Growth of neonatal intensive care units in number and size has raised questions towards ability to maintain continuity and quality of care. Structural organization of intensive care units is known as a key element for maintaining the quality of care of these fragile patients. The reconstruction of megaunits of intensive care to smaller care units within a single operational service might help with provision of safe and effective care.