The effect of a change from face-to-face to remote positive airway pressure education for patients with sleep apnoea during the coronavirus disease-2019 pandemic: a prospective cohort study.

Background: The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and national lockdowns necessitated a change in service delivery including positive airway pressure (PAP) education protocols, with no data on how this may impact subsequent PAP adherence. We aim to quantify adherence of PAP initiated during the COVID-19 pandemic and compare the effects of remote versus face-to-face (FTF) education in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA).

Methods: This prospective cohort study in a tertiary National Health Service (NHS) hospital sleep disorders centre in London, United Kingdom, included 141 patients aged >18 years with newly diagnosed OSA initiating PAP during the COVID-19 pandemic; 71 patients receiving standard FTF education compared to 70 patients educated on PAP remotely at the start of lockdown.

Prevalence and utility of overnight pulse oximetry as a screening tool for obstructive sleep apnoea in newly diagnosed idiopathic intracranial hypertension.

Background: Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is a condition of raised intracranial pressure (ICP). Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) has been shown to cause episodic rises in ICP and is frequently reported in patients with IIH. The aim of this study is to identify the prevalence of OSA in a cohort of IIH patients.

Video polysomnographic findings in non-rapid eye movement parasomnia.

Although video polysomnography (vPSG) is not routinely recommended for the evaluation of typical cases of non-rapid eye movement (NREM) parasomnias, it can aid diagnosis of unusual cases, other sleep disorders and complicated cases with REM behaviour disorder (RBD), and in differentiating parasomnias from epilepsy. In this study, we aimed to assess vPSG findings in consecutive patients with a clinical diagnosis of NREM-parasomnia covering the whole phenotypic spectrum. Five hundred and twelve patients with a final diagnosis of NREM parasomnia who had undergone vPSG were retrospectively identified.

NREM parasomnias: a treatment approach based upon a retrospective case series of 512 patients.

Background: Non-REM parasomnias are not uncommon conditions in the general population. Current treatment options are based on small case series and reports. In this study, we aimed to present the clinical experience from a large cohort of patients.

Assessing the sleeping habits of patients in a sleep disorder centre: a review of sleep diary accuracy.

Background: Excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) is a complaint common to many aspects of medicine. There are primary and secondary causes for EDS, with secondary causes including a large number of common conditions. Primary causes, such as narcolepsy, are much rarer.

Safety and efficacy of long-term use of sodium oxybate for narcolepsy with cataplexy in routine clinical practice.

Background: Sodium oxybate is licensed in Europe for the treatment of narcolepsy with cataplexy in adults. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of sodium oxybate in clinical practice in patients with narcolepsy and cataplexy refractory to other treatments.

Materials And Methods: This was a retrospective single centre study including patients with severe narcolepsy with cataplexy refractory to other treatments, who were initiated on sodium oxybate between 2009 and 2015.

The reality of sexsomnia.

Purpose Of Review: The purpose of this review is to help further the understanding of the clinical profile of patients with sexsomnia and to better understand the spectrum of the clinical manifestations of sexsomnia. We will review the literature from the past decade on the subject and then compare it with our own clinical experience from patients who were retrospectively identified with sexsomnia at a tertiary sleep clinic over a 6-year period.

Recent Findings: The prevalence of sexual behaviours in sleep remains unknown, but it seems to involve predominantly younger male adults who also frequently exhibit other non-rapid eye movement-related parasomnias.

Catathrenia, a REM predominant disorder of arousal?

Objectives: Catathrenia is an uncommon and poorly understood disorder, characterized by groaning during sleep occurring in tandem with prolonged expiration. Its classification, pathogenesis, and clinical relevance remain debated, substantially due to the limited number of cases reported to date. We report a series of consecutive cases of catathrenia, their clinical and polysomnographic characteristics, and their subsequent management.

The utility of a 5(th) nap in multiple sleep latency test.

Background: This is the first study that aimed to look specifically at the utility of the 5(th) nap in the multiple sleep latency test (MSLT), a test used to assist in the diagnosis of narcolepsy.

Methods: Data was retrospectively collected from the Sleep Disorders Centre of a Tertiary Hospital on patients that had a 5(th) nap during their MSLT from the 08(th) November 2011 to 12(th) November 2014.

Results: Fifty-three patients had a 5(th) nap performed out of 378 MSLT studies.

Central sleep apnoea-a clinical review.

Central sleep apnoea (CSA) is characterised by recurrent apnoeas during sleep with no associated respiratory effort. It mostly results from withdrawal of the wakefulness drive in sleep leaving ventilation under metabolic control. A detailed physiological understanding of the control of breathing in wakefulness and sleep is essential to the understanding of CSA.

First rapid eye movement sleep periods and sleep-onset rapid eye movement periods in sleep-stage sequencing of hypersomnias.

Objectives: Discrimination between narcolepsy, idiopathic hypersomnia, and behavior-induced inadequate sleep syndrome (BIISS) is based on clinical features and on specific nocturnal polysomnography (NPSG) and multiple sleep latency test (MSLT) results. However, previous studies have cast doubt on the specificity and sensitivity of these diagnostic tools.

Methods: Eleven variables of the NPSG were analyzed in 101 patients who were retrospectively diagnosed with narcolepsy with cataplexy (N+C) (n=24), narcolepsy without cataplexy (N-C) (n=38), idiopathic hypersomnia with long sleep period (IHL) (n=21), and BIISS (n=18).

Sleep stage sequence analysis of sleep onset REM periods in the hypersomnias.

Background: The Multiple Sleep Latency Test (MSLT) remains an important diagnostic tool in the diagnosis of hypersomnias. However, a positive MSLT may be found in other sleep disorders, such as behaviourally induced inadequate sleep syndrome (BIISS). It has been demonstrated that in sleep onset rapid eye movement (SOREM) periods in BIISS, REM sleep tends to arise from stage 2 sleep (non-REM (NREM) 2), rather than stage 1 sleep (NREM1), as in narcolepsy.

An Investigation into the Use of Stimulant Therapy during Pregnancy.

Introduction. A lack of documentation of stimulant use during pregnancy means that doctors have difficulty advising narcoleptic and hypersomnolent patients. Objectives.