Assessment of antimalarial drug resistant markers in asymptomatic Plasmodium falciparum infections after 4 years of indoor residual spraying in Northern Ghana.

Background: Drug resistance remains a concern for malaria control and elimination. The effect of interventions on its prevalence needs to be monitored to pre-empt further selection. We assessed the prevalence of Plasmodium falciparum gene mutations associated with resistance to the antimalarial drugs: sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP), chloroquine (CQ) and artemisinin combination therapy (ACTs) after the scale-up of a vector control activity that reduced transmission.

Microsatellite markers reveal low levels of population sub-structuring of Plasmodium falciparum in southwestern Nigeria.

Background: Genetic diversity studies provide evidence of Plasmodium falciparum differentiation that could affect fitness and adaptation to drugs and target antigens for vaccine development. This study describes the genetic structure of P. falciparum populations in urban and rural sites from southwestern Nigeria.

Genetic diversity and complexity of Plasmodium falciparum infections in Lagos, Nigeria.

Objective: To analyse the genetic diversity of Plasmodium falciparum (P. falciparum) using msp-1 and msp-2 as antigenic markers.

Methods: Parasite DNA was extracted from 100 blood samples collected from P.

Persistence of markers of chloroquine resistance among isolates recovered from two Nigerian communities.

Background: A recovery in chloroquine efficacy following a period of cessation has raised the possibility of its reintroduction for malaria chemotherapy. We investigated the prevalence of the major markers of chloroquine resistance years after the withdrawal of the drug in Nigeria.

Materials And Methods: Finger prick blood samples were collected from participants presenting with symptoms of malaria in two selected health centres each representing Lekki and Ijede communities of Lagos, Nigeria.

Evidence of carbamate resistance in urban populations of Anopheles gambiae s.s. mosquitoes resistant to DDT and deltamethrin insecticides in Lagos, South-Western Nigeria.

Background: Resistance monitoring is essential in ensuring the success of insecticide based vector control programmes. This study was carried out to assess the susceptibility status of urban populations of Anopheles gambiae to carbamate insecticide being considered for vector control in mosquito populations previously reported to be resistant to DDT and permethrin.

Methods: Two - three day old adult female Anopheles mosquitoes reared from larval collections in 11 study sites from Local Government Areas of Lagos were exposed to test papers impregnated with DDT 4%, deltamethrin 0.