BmEL-2 promotes triglyceride metabolism by regulating BmAGPATγ and BmFAF2 expression in Bombyx mori.

Bombyx mori ELAV-like-1 (BmEL-1) and B. mori ELAV-like-2 (BmEL-2) are 2 members of the ELAV-like family of RNA-binding proteins. Mutations in Bmel-1 and Bmel-2 resulted in 5.

Uridine diphosphate glucosyltransferase is vital for fenpropathrin resistance in Bombyx mori (Lepidoptera).

The silkworm (Bombyx mori) is an important model lepidopteran insect and can be used to identify pesticide resistance-related genes of great significance for biological control of pests. Uridine diphosphate glucosyltransferases (UGTs), found in all organisms, are the main secondary enzymes involved in the metabolism of heterologous substances. However, it remains uncertain if silkworm resistance to fenpropathrin involves UGT.

Bombyx mori voltage-dependent anion-selective channel induces programmed cell death to defend against Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus infection.

Background: Voltage-dependent anion-selective channels (VDACs) serve as pore proteins within the mitochondrial membrane, aiding in the regulation of cell life and cell death. Although the occurrence of cell death is crucial for defense against virus infection, the function played by VDAC in Bombyx mori, in response to the influence of Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV), remains unclear.

Results: BmVDAC was found to be relatively highly expressed both during embryonic development, and in the Malpighian tubule and midgut.

Studying the role of Bombyx mori molybdenum cofactor sulfurase in Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus infection.

Molybdenum cofactor sulfurase (MoCoS) is a key gene involved in the uric acid metabolic pathway that activates xanthine dehydrogenase to synthesise uric acid. Uric acid is harmful to mammals but plays crucial roles in insects, one of which is the immune responses. However, the function of Bombyx mori MoCoS in response to BmNPV remains unclear.

BmRRS1 Protein Inhibits the Proliferation of Baculovirus Nucleopolyhedrovirus in Silkworm, .

The study of functional genes involved in baculovirus infection is vital for its wide application in pest biocontrol. This study utilized the nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV) and silkworm as models to elucidate the role of BmRRS1, which has been found to exhibit notable differential expression between resistant and susceptible silkworm strains. The results showed that it was evolutionarily conserved in selected species.

Advances in the extracellular signal-regulated kinase signaling pathway in silkworms, Bombyx mori (Lepidoptera).

Signaling pathways regulate the transmission of signals during organism growth and development, promoting the smooth and accurate completion of numerous physiological and biochemical reactions. The extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling pathway is an essential pathway involved in regulating various physiological processes, such as cell proliferation, differentiation, adhesion, migration, and more. This pathway also contributes to several important physiological processes in silkworms, including protein synthesis, reproduction, and immune defense against pathogens.

Transcriptomic analysis of the fat body of resistant and susceptible silkworm strains, Bombyx mori (Lepidoptera), after oral treatment with fenpropathrin.

The widespread use of pyrethroid pesticides has brought serious economic losses in sericulture, but there is still no viable solution. The key to solving the problem is to improve silkworm resistance to pesticides, which depends on understanding the resistance mechanism of silkworms to pesticides. This study aimed to use transcriptomes to understand the underlying mechanism of silkworm resistance to fenpropathrin, which will provide a theoretical molecular reference for breeding pesticide-resistant silkworm varieties.

Uric acid metabolism promotes apoptosis against Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus in silkworm, Bombyx mori.

The white epidermis of silkworms is due to the accumulation of uric acid crystals. Abnormal silkworm uric acid metabolism decreases uric acid production, leading to a transparent or translucent phenotype. The oily silkworm op50 is a mutant strain with a highly transparent epidermis derived from the p50 strain.

Sex-lethal regulates back-splicing and generation of the sex-differentially expressed circular RNAs.

Conversely to canonical splicing, back-splicing connects the upstream 3' splice site (SS) with a downstream 5'SS and generates exonic circular RNAs (circRNAs) that are widely identified and have regulatory functions in eukaryotic gene expression. However, sex-specific back-splicing in Drosophila has not been investigated and its regulation remains unclear. Here, we performed multiple RNA analyses of a variety sex-specific Drosophila samples and identified over ten thousand circular RNAs, in which hundreds are sex-differentially and -specifically back-spliced.

Overexpression of Changes the Development of Silk Gland and the Expression of Fibroin Genes in .

() is a member of the gene group involved in cell fate decisions, cell proliferation and organ identity. Its function has been extensively researched in but little is known about it in Lepidoptera. To uncover the function of in the development of lepidopterans, we constructed the overexpression (Ubx) strain based on the Nistari strain of .

Enhancement of HSA-pFSHβ production by disrupting and supplementing N-acetyl-L-cysteine in .

Introduction: is widely used for the production of recombinant proteins, but the low production efficiency hinders its wide application in biopharmaceuticals. Moreover, many biopharmaceutical-like proteins are accompanied by degradation during secretory expression in .

Objective: In this study, we used human serum albumin and porcine follicle-stimulating hormone β (HSA-pFSHβ) fusion protein as a model protein to investigate whether and gene disruption and -acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) supplementation have synergistic effects to inhibit the degradation of recombinant proteins.

BmAbl1 Regulates Silk Protein Synthesis via Glutathione Metabolism in .

, domesticated from wild silkworms, is an economic insect that feeds on mulberry leaves and produces silk. In the current study, we demonstrated the contribution of in silk protein synthesis. The inhibition and knockout of can reduce the larva weight and CSW.

Fumarate mitigates disruption induced by fenpropathrin in the silkworm Bombyx mori (Lepidoptera): A metabolomics study.

The silkworm Bombyx mori L. is a model organism of the order Lepidoptera. Understanding the mechanism of pesticide resistance in silkworms is valuable for Lepidopteran pest control.

Bombyx mori transcription factor, E74A, beneficially affects BmNPV infection through direct interaction.

Background: Nucleopolyhedrovirus (NPV), one of the baculoviruses, is a promising biopesticide for pest control. Lepidopteran account for 70% of pests, therefore investigation on highly conserved genes associated with viral infections in the lepidopteran model, the silkworm, will serve as a valuable reference for improving the effectiveness of pest management. BmE74A is a member of the erythroblast transformation-specific (ETS) family of transcription factors in Bombyx mori, which we previously found to be highly conserved and closely associated with BmNPV.

Bombyx mori Vps13d is a key gene affecting silk yield.

Bombyx mori is an important economic insect, its economic value mainly reflected in the silk yield. The major functional genes affecting the silk yield of B. mori have not been determined yet.

Identification and Characterization of Genes Related to Resistance of Nucleopolyhedrovirus Infection in .

In , as an important economic insect, it was first found that some strains were completely refractory to infection with nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV) through intrahemocelical injection; whereas almost all natural strains had difficulty resisting nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV), which is also a member of the family Baculoviridae. Previous genetics analysis research found that this trait was controlled by a potentially corresponding locus on chromosome 3, but the specific gene and mechanism was still unknown. With the help of the massive silkworm strain re-sequencing dataset, we performed the Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) to identify the gene related to the resistance of AcMNPV in this study.

Functional characterization of a low-density lipoprotein receptor in the lepidopteran model, Bombyx mori.

The growth and development of metabolous insects are mainly regulated by ecdysone and juvenile hormone. As a member of the low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) family, megalin (mgl) is involved in the lipoprotein transport of cholesterol which is an essential precursor for the synthesis of ecdysone. Despite extensive studies in mammals, the function of mgl is still largely unknown in insects.

Identification of optimal reference genes in Bombyx mori (Lepidoptera) for normalization of stress-responsive genes after challenge with pesticides.

Pesticides are frequently used to control pests in agriculture due to their ease of use and effectiveness, but their use causes serious economic losses to sericulture when their production overlaps with agriculture. However, no suitable internal reference genes (RGs) have been reported in the study of silkworms in response to pesticides. In this study, a standard curve was established to detect the expression levels of seven RGs in different tissues of different silkworm strains after feeding with pesticides using reverse transcription quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), including BmGAPDH, BmActin3, BmTBP, BmRPL3, Bm28sRNA, Bmα-tubulin, and BmUBC, and the stability of them was evaluated by using NormFinder, geNorm, Delta CT, BestKeeper, and RefFinder.

BmPMFBP1 regulates the development of eupyrene sperm in the silkworm, Bombyx mori.

Sperm deliver the male complement of DNA to the ovum, and thus play a key role in sexual reproduction. Accordingly, spermatogenesis has outstanding significance in fields as disparate as infertility treatments and pest-control, making it a broadly interesting and important focus for molecular genetics research in a wide range of species. Here we investigate spermatogenesis in the model lepidopteran insect Bombyx mori (silkworm moth), with particular focus on the gene PMFBP1 (polyamine modulated factor 1 binding protein 1).

Map-based cloning and functional analysis revealed ABCC2 is responsible for Cry1Ac toxin resistance in Bombyx mori.

Bt toxins are parasporal crystals produced by Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt). They have specific killing activity against various insects and have been widely used to control agricultural pests. However, their widespread use has developed the resistance of many target insects.

Human STING Is Regulated by an Autoinhibitory Mechanism for Type I Interferon Production.

Stimulator of interferon genes (STING) plays a pivotal role in type I interferon-mediated innate immune response to the cytoplasmic detection of aberrant DNA. STING is a membrane protein localized in endoplasmic reticulum (ER), which upon stimulation translocates to Golgi apparatus and activates downstream signaling cascades. However, the mechanism regulating STING activity and significance of its intracellular traffic are not completely understood.

Microbial Response to Fungal Infection in a Fungus-Growing Termite, (Shiraki).

The crosstalk between gut microbiota and host immunity has emerged as one of the research foci of microbiome studies in recent years. The purpose of this study was to determine how gut microbes respond to fungal infection in termites, given their reliance on gut symbionts for food intake as well as maintaining host health. Here, we used , an entomopathogenic fungus, to infect , a fungus-growing termite in the family Termitidae, and documented changes in host gut microbiota a combination of bacterial 16S rDNA sequencing, metagenomic shotgun sequencing, and transmission electron microscopy.

The mechanism of N-acetyl-l-cysteine in improving the secretion of porcine follicle-stimulating hormone in Pichia pastoris.

Our previous study revealed that N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC) could enhance the secretion of recombinant proteins by Pichia pastoris, but the corresponding molecular mechanisms are still unclear. In the present study, we explored whether other thiols have a similar action on the secretion of recombinant human serum albumin and porcine follicle-stimulating hormone fusion protein (HSA-pFSHβ), to reveal the mechanism of NAC on HSA-pFSHβ secretion. Transcriptome analysis showed that genes involved in oxidoreductase activity and oxidation-reduction process were upregulated in cells supplemented with NAC.