A case of nephrogenic diabetes insipidus likely caused by anti-neutrophil cytoplastic antibody-associated vasculitis.

Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) is a relatively rare form of autoimmune disease. Diabetes insipidus (DI) is characterized by diluted polyuria and thirstiness, and is clinically categorized into central and nephrogenic DI depending on damaged organs. In most previously reported cases, ANCA-related disorders have been implicated in central DI, which is attributed to impaired secretion of arginine vasopressin (AVP) from the posterior pituitary.

Expression of matrix metalloproteinase-7 correlates with the invasion of T1 colorectal carcinoma.

T1 colorectal carcinomas (CRCs) are an initial site of metastatic spread. Various risk factors for lymph node metastasis have been investigated in T1 CRCs. However, the major step in the entire process of metastasis remains unclear.

The role of microvessel density, lymph node metastasis, and tumor size as prognostic factors of distant metastasis in colorectal cancer.

Angiogenesis is essential for tumor growth and metastasis. CD105 is reportedly a specific marker for tumor angiogenesis. It has been demonstrated that monoclonal antibodies to CD105 have high affinity for activated endothelial cells.

Expression of and its pseudogene , and promoter methylation of in non-tumourous thymus and thymic tumours.

Aims: Mutation or promoter methylation of the phosphatase tensin homologue deleted on chromosome 10 tumour suppressor gene () promotes some cancers. Moreover, ( pseudogene) transcript regulates PTEN expression and is thought to be associated with tumourigenesis in some cancers. Here, we investigated PTEN expression in thymic epithelium and thymic epithelial tumours.

Correlation between histological invasiveness and the computed tomography value in pure ground-glass nodules.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the correlation between histological invasiveness and the computed tomography (CT) value and size in pure ground-glass nodules (GGNs) to determine optimal "follow-up or resection" strategies.

Methods: Between 2001 and 2014, 78 resected, pure GGNs were retrospectively evaluated. The maximum diameter and CT value of pure GGNs were measured using a computer graphics support system.

Difference in distribution profiles between CD163+ tumor-associated macrophages and S100+ dendritic cells in thymic epithelial tumors.

Background: In a number of human malignancies, tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are closely involved in tumor progression. On the other hand, dendritic cells (DCs) that infiltrate tumor tissues are involved in tumor suppression. However, there have been very few reports on the distribution profiles of TAMs and DCs in thymic epithelial tumors.

Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors, p16 and p27, demonstrate different expression patterns in thymoma and thymic carcinoma.

Objectives: The role of cell cycle inhibitors in tumorigenesis has been proven in various neoplasms; however, their roles in thymic tumors are still unclear. We examined the expression of cell cycle inhibitors such as those of the Cip/Kip family (p21, p27, and p57) and the INK-4/ARF family (p16 and p14) in thymoma and thymic carcinoma.

Methods: Samples from 41 thymoma and 14 thymic carcinoma patients, and 34 normal thymic tissue samples were prepared for the study.

Mixed mucin-producing and squamous differentiated tumor of the uterine cervix: a report of a case as adenosquamous carcinoma in situ.

We report a non-invasive mixed mucin-producing and squamous differentiated tumor of the uterine cervix. This tumor was composed of two cell types: mucin-producing cells and non-mucin-producing cells. These cells were intimately mixed with each other, and showed intraepithelial spreading.

Immunohistochemical analysis of thymic carcinoma focusing on the possibility of molecular targeted and hormonal therapies.

Objective: Thymic carcinoma is a rare mediastinal malignant tumor, and in many patients, the tumor is detected in an inoperable advanced stage. Even when chemotherapy is administered to such patients, the patients show a poor response. We investigated new biomarkers of therapeutic molecular targets.

Autopsy cases of miliary tuberculosis: clinicopathologic features including background factors.

To assist physicians, especially young physicians, in identifying tuberculosis (TB) infection before the terminal stage, we analyzed 7 cases of numerous tuberculous granulomas in multiple organs and compared clinical and autopsy findings between cases. Patients ranged in age from 41 to 86 years at the time of death. The main chief complaint was fever of unknown origin (3 of 7 cases [43%]).

[A case of advanced colon cancer successfully treated with cetuximab diagnosed as EGFR-positive by liver biopsy].

Cetuximab, a monoclonal antibody used to target the epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR), was approved for refractory and metastatic colon cancer expressing EGFR, and the EGFR expression must be confirmed. But the EGFR expression may become false negative by immunohistochemistry. When we used a past operation specimen for a search in particular, a correct evaluation may be difficult for prolonged formalin fixation.

High-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma with smooth muscle and skeletal muscle differentiation: report of a case with cytomorphologic and immunocytologic analysis.

We report a case of high-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma with cytological and immunocytochemical findings. Cytologically, major tumor cells showed round-to-short spindle shapes with round- to oval-shaped nuclei and moderately abundant delicate cytoplasm. Tumor cells with tapered shapes and eccentric nuclei were also observed.

Transition from low-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma to high-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma.

We report on a case of a primary low-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma (ESS) that progressed to a secondary high-grade ESS. In the secondary tumor, the immunohistochemical profile and focal tumor cell proliferation pattern suggested that this tumor was not truly undifferentiated, but possessed features of endometrial stroma. Low-grade ESS of our patient's primary tumor showed p53 protein overexpression, which is unusual in low-grade ESS, and her secondary high-grade ESS showed more prominent p53 immunoreactivity.

[Cholangiocarcinoma with bile duct adenoma and hamartoma-like lesion in the bile duct].

A 76-year-old man presented with fever of unknown origin. Diagnostic imaging showed a liver tumor measuring 3cm in maximum dimension. The tumor was subsequently resected, and histopathology showed a moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma.

Intraductal oncocytic papillary carcinoma of the pancreas showing numerous hyaline globules in the lumen.

Two cases of intraductal oncocytic papillary carcinoma (IOPC) treated surgically were analyzed on light microscopy and immunohistochemistry: that of a 61-year-old man and that of a 55-year-old man. There were no clinical symptoms in either case. Pancreatic abnormalities were discovered incidentally on CT.

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma after transformation from low-grade follicular lymphoma: morphological, immunohistochemical, and FISH analyses.

Follicular lymphoma (FL) is one of the most common subtypes of non-Hodgkin lymphoma and frequently transforms to diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). To clarify some aspects of the natural history of FL, we retrospectively examined 43 consecutive patients who had DLBCL with pre- or coexisting FL grade 1 or 2. The patients comprised 22 men and 21 women with a median age of 53 years.

Case report of a focal nodular hyperplasia-like nodule present in cirrhotic liver.

An 81-year-old female was referred to Sapporo Medical University Hospital because of a nodular lesion 20 mm in diameter found in the liver S8 during follow-up for type C liver cirrhosis. Abdominal ultrasonography showed a capsule-like structure, and contrast computed tomography revealed hypervascularity at the early phase and inner pooling of the contrast medium with ring enhancement at the late phase. Magnetic resonance T2-weighted imaging (T2WI) demonstrated a hyperintensity nodule with further hyperintensity signals in some parts of the nodule, and the signal pattern differed from that of typical fibrosis.

The enhanced expression of the matrix metalloproteinase 9 in nasal NK/T-cell lymphoma.

Background: Nasal NK/T cell lymphoma is an aggressive disease and has a poor prognosis. Nasal NK/T cell lymphoma is refractory to conventional chemotherapy and has strong tendency of widespread relapse or dissemination into distant sites.

Methods: We immunohistochemically studied nasal NK/T-cell lymphoma to elucidate the unique characteristics of nasal NK/T-cell lymphoma, such as its higher metastatic tendency and its vast necrosis which leads to destruction of the involved tissues.

Immunohistochemical expression of TTF-1 in various cytological subtypes of primary lung adenocarcinoma, with special reference to intratumoral heterogeneity.

The immunohistochemical expression of thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF-1) was investigated in various cytological subtypes of primary lung adenocarcinoma, with special reference to intratumoral heterogeneity. Three groups were categorized according to cytological subtype: group A, adenocarcinomas with either a Clara cell and/or type II epithelial cell component (Clara/type II) or a mixed Clara/type II and bronchial surface epithelial cell component (BSE) (mCB), in addition to other components; group B, adenocarcinomas with components including either BSE, a goblet cell component (GOB) or a mixed BSE and GOB component (mBG), and lacking Clara/type II or mCB; group C, adenocarcinomas with only a poorly differentiated component (POR). In group A all Clara/type II, mCB, BSE and the majority of POR were TTF-1 positive.

Favorable outcome in patients with breast cancer in the presence of pathological response after neoadjuvant endocrine therapy.

Neoadjuvant endocrine therapy (NAET) can expand the number of breast cancer patients who can be treated with breast-conserving surgery and can predict benefit from adjuvant endocrine therapy. Because no validated surrogate markers for long-term outcome have been established, we conducted prospective trials to evaluate pathological response and Ki-67 index following treatment with tamoxifen or anastrozole. The study population included postmenopausal women with operable breast tumors that were both estrogen and progesterone receptor-positive and larger than 3 cm.