Genetic variations of Toll-like receptor 9 predispose to systemic lupus erythematosus in Japanese population.

Background: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is characterised by dysregulation of autoreactive lymphocytes and antigen-presenting cells. Signalling through Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9), a mediator of innate immune responses, has a role in activation of dendritic cells and autoreactive B cells.

Objective: To investigate whether TLR9 polymorphisms are associated with an increased risk of SLE.