Preliminary Comparison of Multi-scale and Multi-model Direct Inversion Algorithms for 3T MR Elastography.

Purpose: To elucidate whether any differences are present in the stiffness map obtained with a multiscale direct inversion algorithm (MSDI) vs that with a multimodel direct inversion algorithm (MMDI), both qualitatively and quantitatively.

Materials And Methods: The MR elastography (MRE) data of 37 consecutive patients who underwent liver MR elastography between September and October 2014 were retrospectively analyzed by using both MSDI and MMDI. Two radiologists qualitatively assessed the stiffness maps for the image quality in consensus, and the measured liver stiffness and measurable areas were quantitatively compared between MSDI and MMDI.

Involvement of guanylin and GC-C in rat mesenteric macrophages in resistance to a high-fat diet.

A high-fat diet (HFD) is a well-known contributing factor in the development of obesity. Most rats fed HFDs become obese. Those that avoid obesity when fed HFDs are considered diet resistant (DR).

Sex differences in energy metabolism in pre-pubescent, early pubescent and adult rats.

Objective: This study was intended to investigate sex differences in response to a high fat (HF) diet at three stages, pre-puberty, early puberty, and adulthood.

Methods: Body weight, energy intake, glucose, insulin, and leptin concentrations were measured in male and female rats that were fed either a HF or a control chow during each stage of development. The sex hormones of adult rats were also examined.

Neurotrophin levels in cerebrospinal fluid of adult patients with meningitis and encephalitis.

Background: The data on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of neurotrophins (NTs) in patients with meningoencephalitis are scarce, especially in adult patients.

Methods: We measured CSF levels of NTs such as nerve growth factor (NGF), brain-derived neurotrophic factor, and neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) in adult patients with various meningitis (n = 10) and encephalitis (n = 10) in both acute phase and recovery phase and adult control subjects (n = 21) by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for NTs.

Results: Data show that NGF and NT-3 CSF levels were markedly elevated in the patient group in the acute phase compared with non-neurological controls (p < 0.

Japanese encephalitis subunit vaccine composed of virus-like envelope antigen particles purified from serum-free medium of a high-producer J12#26 cell clone.

A stable cell clone, J12#26, which continuously secretes large amounts of the envelope (E) antigen of Japanese encephalitis (JE) virus (J. Virol. 77 (2003) 8745) was adapted to serum-free medium.

A Gcn4p homolog is essential for the induction of a ribosomal protein L41 variant responsible for cycloheximide resistance in the yeast Candida maltosa.

Cycloheximide (CYH) resistance in the yeast Candida maltosa is based on the inducible expression of genes encoding a variant of ribosomal protein L41-Q, with glutamine at position 56 instead of the proline found in normal L41. The promoter of L41-Q2a, one of the L41-Q gene alleles encoding L41-Q, has an element similar to the Gcn4p-responsive element of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. In a previous study, this element was shown to be essential for the induction of L41-Q by CYH.

Ray38p, a homolog of a purine motif triple-helical DNA-binding protein, Stm1p, is a ribosome-associated protein and dissociated from ribosomes prior to the induction of cycloheximide resistance in Candida maltosa.

Cycloheximide (CYH) resistance in Candida maltosa is dependent on the induction of a ribosomal protein, Q-type L41, the 56th residue of which is glutamine, not proline as in ordinary P-type L41. We found that a 38-kDa protein in a wild-type C. maltosa ribosomal fraction became undetectable upon CYH treatment but detectable again with the establishment of CYH resistance by the induction of Q-type L41.

A gene coding for a ribosomal protein L41 in cycloheximide-resistant ribosomes has a promoter which is upregulated under the growth-inhibitory conditions in yeast, Candida maltosa.

We previously found by using yeast, Candida maltosa, that cycloheximide (CYH) sensitivity of ribosomes is dependent on the 56th amino acid residues of a ribosomal protein, L413 (proline in sensitive and glutamine in resistant ribosomes). We also revealed that in this yeast, which has both L41-P type and L41-Q type genes, the expression of the latter type genes is induced by the addition of CYH in the medium to make the cells inducibly resistant to CYH. In this paper, we analyzed the promoter region of L41-Q2a, one of the CYH-inducible L41-Q type genes and found two elements required for the induction of expression: one was a GCRE (Gcn4p-responsive element of Saccharomyces cerevisiae)-like element and the other was a GT-rich element.

Studies on cycloheximide-sensitive and cycloheximide-resistant ribosomes in the yeast Candida maltosa.

Cycloheximide sensitivity or resistance in yeast is under the control of genes encoding different forms of ribosomal protein L41. In our previous studies, we have shown by isolating L41-Q1a, L41-P1a and their respective allelic genes, L41-Q1b and L41-P1b, from the partial diploid genome of C. maltosa, that this species, which is inducibly resistant to CYH, has both types of the L41 genes and that the expression of at least one of the L41-Q genes is induced by CYH, whereas L41-P genes are constitutively expressed.

Effect of estrogen on isoforms of nitric oxide synthase: possible mechanism of anti-atherosclerotic effect of estrogen.

While estrogen is known to prevent the development of atherosclerosis, the mechanism is not completely understood. We investigated the effects of superoxide dismutase, acetylcholine, and other compounds on the release of nitric oxide (NO) by measuring the relaxation responses of aortic rings, with and without intact endothelium, taken from rabbits under various experimental conditions. The aorta of female rabbits released a greater amount of NO than did that of oophorectomized females and male rabbits.

Inducible expression of a gene encoding an L41 ribosomal protein responsible for the cycloheximide-resistant phenotype in the yeast Candida maltosa.

In a previous paper (S. Kawai, S. Murao, M.

[Clinical study of Mallory-Weiss syndrome in the aged patients over 75 year--mainly five cases induced by the endoscopic examination].

Cases of Mallory-Weiss syndrome aged over 75 year were analyzed with regard to their clinical features. In a 5-year period, there were 9 such cases, representing 19% of the total number of Mallory-Weiss syndrome cases. Four patients had a history of retching or vomiting, but in the other 5 patients, Mallory-Weiss tears occurred during endoscopic examination with slight vomiting reflex or even almost vomiting reflex.

[Arteriosclerosis obliterans that was improved by LDL apheresis].

We reported here a case of arteriosclerosis obliterans (ASO) in which clinical symptoms and signs were improved after repeated LDL apheresis. The patient was a 70-year-old man who was diagnosed as having ASO in 1989. Although drug treatment started for the arterial disease, such clinical manifestations as rubor and intermittent claudication were gradually worsening.

[Duodenal varices treated successfully by percutaneous transhepatic obliteration: report of a case].

A 73-year-old female with bleeding from duodenal varices treated by percutaneous transhepatic obliteration (PTO) was reported. She was admitted to our hospital because of tarry stool and general malaise. Gastroduodenoscopy revealed tortous elevations in the descending part of the duodenum, and observed intermittent bleeding.

[Two cases of unresectable pancreatic cancer responding to combined chemotherapy with cisplatin, PSK and UFT].

Two patients who had unresectable pancreatic cancer were treated with a combined chemotherapy using Cisplatin, PSK and UFT. A remarkable decrease of tumor size was observed on CT. These two cases corresponded to partial response (PR) according to the response criteria proposed by Koyama-Saitoh.