Rejection evaluation after renal transplantation using MR diffusion tensor imaging.

Background Renal allograft dysfunction monitoring is mainly performed using the serum creatinine (SC) level, Doppler ultrasound (US), or renal biopsy. Recently proposed diffusion-based magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) methods have been explored as new, non-invasive tools for assessing renal function after transplantation. Purpose To investigate the value of fractional anisotropy (FA) measurements in the evaluation of acute rejection cases after renal transplant.

Working memory dysfunction in delusional disorders: an fMRI investigation.

Background: Delusional disorder (DD) is a rare and understudied psychiatric disorder. There is limited number of studies concerning cognitive characteristics in DD. Using an established working memory paradigm with variable levels of memory load, we investigated alterations in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) of brain regions in patients with DD.

Ossifying fibroma of the inferior turbinate.

Hypertrophy of inferior turbinate is a common condition, especially with nasal septum deviation. Sometimes, the cause of hypertrophy of inferior turbinate can be fibro-osseous lesions. Benign, rare, and non-aggressive fibro-osseous neoplasms such as ossifying fibroma can affect paranasal sinuses.

The utility of high b-value DWI in evaluation of ischemic stroke at 3T.

Purpose: The utility of DWI with high b-value in ischemic stroke is still unsettled. The purpose of this study is to compare high b-value (3000) and standard b-value (1000) diffusion-weighted images in patients with ischemic stroke at 3T.

Materials And Methods: 27 patients with acute stroke who were admitted to the hospital during the first 24h after symptom onset were included in this study.

Assessment of the corticospinal tract alterations before and after resection of brainstem lesions using Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) and tractography at 3T.

The purpose of the study was to investigate the role of Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) and Diffusion Tensor Tractography (DTT) on the corticospinal tract alterations due to space occupying lesions in the brainstem before and after surgical resection. Pre- and post-surgical DTI data were acquired in 14 patients undergoing surgical resection of brainstem lesions. Patterns of corticospinal tract (CST) alteration on DTT were compared with the neurological exams of the patients pre- and post-operatively.

Autonomic dysreflexia in a man with multiple sclerosis.

Background/objective: To report manifestation of autonomic dysreflexia (AD) in a man with multiple sclerosis (MS).

Design: Case report.

Findings: A young man presented with a history of several admissions to the emergency department with complaints of hypertensive attacks, palpitations, difficulty in breathing, headaches, and flushing.

Diffusion-weighted imaging of adnexal torsion.

We report the diffusion-weighted imaging findings (DWI) of a case with ovarian torsion. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a large cyst within a non-enhancing ovary. DWI depicted restricted diffusion which in turn was found to be related with the infarction of the ovary in the laparoscopic salpingo-oophorectomy performed.

Reversal of ergotamine-induced vasospasm following methylprednisolone.

Introduction: Ergotamine, an ergot alkaloid with partial agonist effects on alpha1 receptors and serotonin receptors, is widely used in the treatment of migraine. Ergotamine may cause severe vasospasm.

Case Report: A 25-year-old man was admitted to the emergency department with complaints of sudden coldness, pallor, and pain in his hands and feet for 2 days.

High b-value diffusion-weighted MR imaging of normal brain at 3T.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to determine the normative apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values at 3T using high b-value (3000 s/mm(2)) diffusion-weighted images (DWI) and compare the signal characteristics of the high b value with standard b-value (1000 s/mm(2)) DWI.

Methods: Institutional review board approval was obtained for this prospective study which included 20 volunteers (10 M, 10 F, mean age: 38.7+/-14.

Isolated giant intrathoracic meningocele associated with vertebral corpus deformity.

Published reports of intrathoracic meningocele with vertebral corpus defects in the absence of neurofibromatosis are very rare. We report a 9-year-old male with intrathoracic meningocele. We believe that vertebral corpus defects may play a certain role in the etiology of intrathoracic meningocele.

Pseudoaneurysm and renal arteriovenous fistula after nephrectomy: two cases treated by transcatheter coil embolization.

Pseudoaneurysms and arteriovenous fistulas of renal arteries are rare clinical lesions. Invasive renal procedures may lead to pseudoaneurysm or arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs). We report two pseudoaneurysms and arteriovenous fistula cases that were treated by transcatheter embolization with metallic coils.

Assessment of Doppler waveform patterns and flow velocities of hepatic veins in children with acute viral hepatitis.

Purpose: To evaluate hepatic vein flow patterns and velocities in children with acute viral hepatitis and to compare the findings to a group of healthy children, with duplex sonography.

Materials And Methods: Forty children with acute viral hepatitis were enrolled in group 1 and forty healthy children were enrolled in group 2 (control group). Both groups underwent gray scale and duplex sonography.

Hemorrhage into the brain abscess cavity with Fallot's tetralogy.

Hemorrhage into the abscess cavity is a complication of brain abscess. It has been reported to be due to inflammation which results in the damage of the fragile neovasculature of the abscess wall. Hypoxia caused by Fallot's tetralogy or other congenital heart diseases facilitates the damage of these vessels with the lacking supportive tissues, and in turn intracavital bleeding.

Doppler studies in normal kidneys of preterm and term neonates: changes in relation to gestational age and birth weight.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to establish normative data for the flow velocity waveform indices of the renal arteries in the neonatal population and to evaluate the differentiation between birth weight and gestational age of neonates.

Methods: Color sonography was performed in 65 neonates on the fifth day of life. Mean flow velocity was assessed, and measurements of the systolic/diastolic velocity ratio, resistive index, and pulsatility index were performed by online calculation.

Observer variability based on the strength of MR scanners in the assessment of lumbar degenerative disc disease.

Object: aim of this study was to analyse the observer variability in the diagnosis and definition of disc pathologies with low and high-field strength MR scanners.

Material And Methods: 95 patients with low back pain or radicular pain who were referred from two different centers were included in the study. Fifty-seven patients were scanned with 0.

Transverse sinus air after cranial trauma.

Air in vascular compartments has been rarely reported. We report a case in whom air within transverse sinus and sinus confluence through ruptured superior sagittal sinus (SSS) due to fractures of parietal and frontal bones was disclosed by computed tomography (CT). Although air in transverse sinus has been reported rarely this could be the first case with air in transverse sinus through the SSS after cranial trauma.

Giant aneurysm of the azygos pericallosal artery: case report and review of the literature.

Background: Pericallosal aneurysms are encountered less than 6.7%, and giant aneurysms among them even less. Giant azygos pericallosal artery aneurysm at the callosomarginal bifurcation is extremely rare, and our case presented herein is the second one.

[Pictorial essay: Pneumocephalus].

Imaging in pneumocephalus aids in the diagnosis and management of this condition, which usually results from trauma, iatrogenic causes, infections, tumors, and cranium abnormalities. The role of computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging is especially addressed in this article.

Short term effects of valsartan on portal blood flow in cirrhotic patients.

Background/aims: Portal hypertension is a common syndrome characterized by a chronic increase of the portal pressure and is the most frequent clinical manifestation of cirrhosis. In this study short term effects of Valsartan, an angiotensin II receptor antagonist, upon portal blood flow in 36 cirrhotic patients was determined by Doppler ultrasonography.

Methods: Patients were divided into three groups of 12 according to Child-Pugh classification.

Laryngeal neurofibroma associated with neurofibromatosis type 2.

We present a case of laryngeal neurofibroma associated with neurofibromatosis type 2. Although laryngeal neurofibromas have previously been reported in cases of neurofibromatosis type 1, their presence has never been described in a patient with neurofibromatosis type 2.

Complete superior and inferior sagittal sinus thromboses with multiple cranial nerve pareses and transient ischemic attack--case report.

A 27-year-old woman with headache and right peripheral facial nerve paresis persisting for over 25 days, and left hemiparesis for 2 days, which had all been gradually improving, was admitted to our hospital as she suddenly developed horizontal and vertical diplopia. She had right fourth and sixth cranial nerve pareses, papilledema, and right orbital venous congestion, and also experienced a seizure on the day of admission. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and MR venography revealed complete superior and inferior sagittal sinus thromboses and significant collateral venous channels, but no parenchymal lesion.

Iatrogenic vertebral artery pseudoaneurysm: US, CT and MRI findings.

Vertebral artery pseudoaneurysm (VAP) is the result of the penetrating neck trauma, chiropractic manipulation, vasculopathies and rarely iatrogenic due to internal jugular vein (IJV) catheterization. It should be identified and treated immediately because of its potential risk of rupture. We present a case of a right VAP resulting from jugular vein catheterization, with the Doppler ultrasonography (US), Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings.

Fat containing unusual tumor of the pancreas.

Fat-containing pancreatic tumors are very rare. In the literature, less than ten cases of lipoma originating from the pancreas have been reported. We present a case of pancreatic lipoma in a 65-year-old woman with findings of ultrasonography, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging in addition to a brief review of the literature.