Analysis of mobility based COVID-19 epidemic model using Federated Multitask Learning.

Aggregating a massive amount of disease-related data from heterogeneous devices, a distributed learning framework called Federated Learning(FL) is employed. But, FL suffers in distributing the global model, due to the heterogeneity of local data distributions. To overcome this issue, personalized models can be learned by using Federated multitask learning(FMTL).

Hydrocephalus Associated with Posterior Fossa Tumors: How to Manage Effectively?

Background: Hydrocephalus associated with posterior fossa tumor (PFT) is a common neurosurgical problem, the management of which is still controversial.

Aim: To provide an overview of the advantages and limitations of different management strategies for hydrocephalus associated with PFT both before and after resection of these tumors.

Methods: Structured review of the literature on the management of hydrocephalus in PFT both in children and adults.

Modern cemented Furlong hemiarthroplasty: Are dislocations rates better?

Background: Dislocation following hip hemiarthroplasty is a major complication with increased mortality and morbidity. Data looking at dislocation following contemporary bipolar stems are lacking in literature.

Methods: Retrospective review of our prospective national hip fracture database over a two-year period.

Pituitary Apoplexy: A Comprehensive Review.

Pituitary apoplexy (PA) is a rare, usually vision-threatening and occasionally life-threatening entity. The exact incidence of PA in large series of pituitary adenomas is variable; however, it is more common in macroadenomas and nonfunctioning adenomas though it has been reported rarely in microadenomas. There are several well-known precipitating factors for PA including the use of anticoagulants, surgery, head trauma, pregnancy, etc.

Neurosurgery and Neurology Practices during the Novel COVID-19 Pandemic: A Consensus Statement from India.

Background: The COVID-19 infection outbreak has aroused increasing attention and affected thousands of people nationwide. The long incubation period, high infectious rate, varied manifestation, and absence of effective treatment make it difficult to manage the disease transmission.

Objective: The intended goals are to encourage efficient management of neurological and neurosurgical patients, resource utilization, and protecting the healthcare provider during the COVID-19 epidemic.

Problems in Instrumentation of Syndromic Craniovertebral Junction Anomalies - Case Reports.

The aim of this study is to highlight the complications of instrumentation in the setting of syndromic craniovertebral junction (CVJ) anomalies. The records of patients with syndromic CVJ anomalies treated by this author during the period of 2012-2017 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients in whom intraoperative difficulties and complications were encountered were culled out from the database.

Department of Neurosurgery, Madurai Medical College and the development of neurosurgery in South Tamil Nadu.

The development of neurosurgery in South Tamil Nadu can be traced to the Department of Neurosurgery, Madurai Medical College and Government Rajaji Hospital, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India. The hospital was established in the year 1940 and Madurai Medical College was started in 1954. Prof.

Proatlas segmentation anomalies: Surgical management of five cases and review of the literature.

Objective: Proatlas segementation anomalies are due to defective re-segmentation of the proatlas sclerotome. These anomalies of the craniovertebral junction are rare and have multiple presentations. The aim of this study is to report this author's personal experience in managing five of these patients with different radiological findings necessitating different surgical strategies and to provide a brief review of the relevant literature.

Chronic Recurrent Multifocal Osteomyelitis: A Diagnostic Dilemma: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Case: Chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis, a misnomer in itself, is a rare disorder that presents infrequently to orthopaedic units. The differential diagnosis is wide, including neoplastic lesions and infection, which may lead to unnecessary interventional and surgical procedures. We present a case that exhibited the hallmark features of this condition-recurrent, multifocal, aseptic osteitis in a 9-year-old girl-and our rationalized management including imaging, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and bisphosphonates.

Spondylocostal dysostosis (Jarcho-Levine syndrome) associated with occult spinal dysraphism: Report of two cases.

Spondylocostal dysostosis, also known as Jarcho-Levine syndrome, is a rare disorder characterized by multiple vertebral and rib anomalies at birth. The association of occult spinal dysraphic lesions with this entity is rare. Two patients with spondylocostal dysostosis and occult spinal dysraphic lesions, one with type I split cord malformation and another with spinal dermal sinus are being reported.

Patient evaluation of outpatient venous thromboembolism prophylaxis service following lower limb injuries using a developed validated questionnaire.

This paper explores patients' perceptions of a new service and protocol for managing outpatient venous thromboembolism (VTE) prophylaxis, using either subcutaneous Dalteparin or oral off-license Dabigatran in patients with lower limb injury requiring immobilisation. Establishing a patient's perspective is part of good practice as, when this is positive, it aids patient compliance and protocol dissemination. A questionnaire consisting of fifty questions was given at random to one hundred patients over a six month period when they attended the trauma clinic.

Odontoid synchondrosis fracture treated by c1-2 polyaxial screw-rod fixation.

The synchondrosis between the dens and the body of axis normally fuses between 5 and 7 years of age. Until this age, synchondrosis fractures can occur in children. Most synchondrosis fractures are conventionally treated by external immobilization alone.

Growing skull fracture: two rare causes.

Introduction: Growing skull fractures are rare complications of head injury in young children. Till date, growing skull fractures due to an underlying arrested hydrocephalus or subdural hygroma have not been reported. We are reporting two such rare cases.

Predictors of early mortality after hip fracture surgery.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to examine causes and potential risk factors for 30-day mortality after hip fracture surgery (HFS) at a high-volume tertiary-care hospital.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 467 patients who underwent HFS at our institution. Multivariate analysis was undertaken to identify potential predictors of early mortality.

A bony human tail causing tethered cord syndrome: case report.

Introduction: Dorsal cutaneous appendages, sometimes referred to as "human tails," are considered to be markers of underlying occult spinal dysraphism. Rarely, these tail-like structures can themselves be the cause of tethered cord syndrome. However, to date, a "bony human tail" causing tethered cord has not been reported in the literature.

Transfacet screw fixation of the subaxial cervical spine--how I do it?

Background: Transfacet screw fixation is a biomechanically effective way of fusing the subaxial cervical spine. The technique used by this author is described.

Methods: With the patient in prone position, a conventional posterior exposure of the cervical spine is done.

The cost of outpatient venous thromboembolism prophylaxis following lower limb injuries.

This paper reports the cost of outpatient venous thromboembolism (VTE) prophylaxis following 388 injuries of the lower limb requiring immobilisation in our institution, from a total of 7408 new patients presenting between May and November 2011. Prophylaxis was by either self-administered subcutaneous dalteparin (n = 128) or oral dabigatran (n = 260). The mean duration of prophylaxis per patient was 46 days (6 to 168).