Endothelial-secreted Endocan activates PDGFRA and regulates vascularity and spatial phenotype in glioblastoma.

Extensive neovascularization is a hallmark of glioblastoma (GBM). In addition to supplying oxygen and nutrients, vascular endothelial cells provide trophic support to GBM cells via paracrine signaling. Here we report that Endocan (ESM1), an endothelial-secreted proteoglycan, confers enhanced proliferative, migratory, and angiogenic properties to GBM cells and regulates their spatial identity.

Integrin α1 upregulation by TF:FVIIa complex promotes cervical cancer migration through PAR2-dependent MEK1/2 activation.

Tissue factor (TF) and protease-activated receptor 2 (PAR2) have been associated with the progression of cancer, while integrins are essential for the adhesion and migration of cancer cells. This study aimed to explore the cross-talk between the TF:FVIIa complex, PAR2 signaling, and the expression of integrin α1 in cervical cancer cells. Utilizing data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), the research examined the relationship between the TF and PAR2 genes and the integrin α1 gene (ITGA1) in reproductive cancers, revealing a positive correlation between integrin α1 expression and both TF and PAR2 genes.

Identification of Metabolites From Halamphora Sp. and Its Correlation With Quorum Sensing Inhibitory Activity via UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS-Based Metabolomics and Molecular Networking.

The UHPLC-MS/MS metabolomics approach was employed to profile and characterize multi-components in Halamphora sp. extracted with different solvents that contribute to quorum sensing inhibitory (QSI) activity. A total of 37 and 34 metabolites were tentatively identified from negative and positive ion modes, respectively.

Restricted Cortical Activity Involving Parietal Lobe and Sublobar Region Leads to Generalized Spike-Wave Discharges of Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy: Evidence from an EEG Source Localization Study.

Background: Previous studies have localized the origin of "generalized" spike-wave discharges of idiopathic generalized epilepsies to specific brain regions. Although there are studies in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME) which have investigated the origin of spike-wave discharges, reports on the propagation of discharges are sparse.

Objective: The current study investigated the propagation of spike-wave discharges in JME, which was investigated by statistically comparing the electroencephalography (EEG)-derived cortical source activity during (a) various phases of spike-wave discharge versus background (eyes closed) activity, and (b) various phases of the first spike wave versus the corresponding phase of subsequent spike waves.

Histone acetyltransferases as promising therapeutic targets in glioblastoma resistance.

Glioblastoma (GBM) is a fatal adult brain tumor with an extremely poor prognosis. GBM poses significant challenges for targeted therapies due to its intra- and inter-tumoral heterogeneity, a highly immunosuppressive microenvironment, diffuse infiltration into normal brain parenchyma, protection by the blood-brain barrier and acquisition of therapeutic resistance. Recent studies have implicated epigenetic modifiers as key players driving tumorigenesis, resistance, and progression of GBM.

Effect of short-term exposure to Raag Bilawal of North Indian classical music on young Indian adults: a high-density electroencephalogram microstate study.

Introduction: the objective of the study was to find out the microstate map topographies and their parameters generated during the resting state and during listening to North Indian classical Music Raag 'the Raag Bilawal'. It was hypothesized that in the resting state and during listening to music conditions, there would be a difference in microstate parameters i.e.

Global Effect on Cortical Activity in Young Indian Males in Response to "OM" Chanting: A High-Density Quantitative Electro-Encephalography Study.

Background: Meditation using the "OM" mantra is the most widely used practice in India. Though reports have been published about the relaxation effect during both verbal "OM" chanting and listening to "OM" chanting, there is a paucity of literature concerning the cortical areas activated/deactivated after verbal "OM" chanting and listening to "OM" chanting using quantitative electro-encephalography (qEEG).

Purpose: The objective of this study was to compare the effects of verbal "OM" chanting and listening to "OM" chanting on cortical sources as compared to baseline, as assessed by qEEG.

Phytochemical analysis, physicochemical, pharmacokinetic properties and molecular docking studies of bioactive compounds in (L.) pers. Against breast cancer proteins.

Unlabelled: Plants provide compounds that can be used to treat diseases, and methods help to expedite drug discovery while reducing costs. This study explored the phytochemical profile of methanol extract of using GC-MS to identify potential bioactive compounds. Autodock 4.

Single-nucleus expression characterization of non-enhancing region of recurrent high-grade glioma.

Background: Non-enhancing (NE) infiltrating tumor cells beyond the contrast-enhancing (CE) bulk of tumor are potential propagators of recurrence after gross total resection of high-grade glioma.

Methods: We leveraged single-nucleus RNA sequencing on 15 specimens from recurrent high-grade gliomas ( = 5) to compare prospectively identified biopsy specimens acquired from CE and NE regions. Additionally, 24 CE and 22 NE biopsies had immunohistochemical staining to validate RNA findings.

Laparoscopic necrosectomy for acute necrotising pancreatitis: Retrospective analysis of a decade-long experience from a tertiary centre.

Introduction: The objective of this study is to evaluate the role of minimally invasive surgery for the management of necrotising pancreatitis in acute settings and to propose tailor-made approaches to deal with various locations of pancreatic necrosis.

Patients And Methods: Three hundred and thirteen patients underwent laparoscopic management of necrotising pancreatitis in this study period from January 2010 to June 2021, out of which 122 patients underwent minimally invasive necrosectomy for acute necrotising pancreatitis. The remaining 191 patients underwent laparoscopic internal drainage in the form of cystogastrostomy/cystojejunostomy for walled-off pancreatic necrosis.

An optimized artificial blood feeding assay to study tick cuticle biology.

Ticks, ectoparasitic arachnids, are prominent disease vectors impacting both humans and animals. Their unique blood-feeding phase involves significant abdominal cuticle expansion, sharing certain similarities with insects. However, vital aspects, including the mechanisms of cuticle expansion, changes in cuticular protein composition, chitin synthesis, and cuticle function, remain poorly understood.

Low- and High-Grade Glioma-Associated Vascular Cells Differentially Regulate Tumor Growth.

A key feature distinguishing high-grade glioma (HG) from low-grade glioma (LG) is the extensive neovascularization and endothelial hyperproliferation. Prior work has shown that tumor-associated vasculature from HG is molecularly and functionally distinct from normal brain vasculature and expresses higher levels of protumorigenic factors that promote glioma growth and progression. However, it remains unclear whether vessels from LG also express protumorigenic factors, and to what extent they functionally contribute to glioma growth.

Functional importance of groups I and II chitinases, CHT5 and CHT10, in turnover of chitinous cuticle during embryo hatching and post-embryonic molting in the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum.

Chitinases (CHT) comprise a large gene family in insects and have been classified into at least eleven subgroups. Many studies involving RNA interference (RNAi) have demonstrated that depletion of group I (CHT5s) and group II (CHT10s) CHT transcripts causes lethal molting arrest in several insect species including the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum, presumably due to failure of degradation of chitin in their old cuticle. In this study we investigated the functions of CHT5 and CHT10 in turnover of chitinous cuticle in T.

Nephroprotective effect of PHYMIN-22 on ethylene glycol induced urolithiasis rat model.

The present study was designed to evaluate the antiurolithiatic effect of PHYMIN-22 against ethylene glycol-induced urolithiasis in rats. Healthy Albino male rats with 200-230 g body weight were randomly divided into five groups, each with 5 animals, control group, EG group (0.75%), PHYMIN-22 treatment group (0.

Functional importance of groups I and II chitinases in cuticle chitin turnover during molting in a wood-boring beetle, Monochamus alternatus.

Insects must periodically replace their old cuticle/exoskeleton with a new one in a process called molting or ecdysis to allow for continuous growth through sequential developmental stages. Many RNA interference (RNAi) studies have demonstrated that certain chitinases (CHTs) play roles in this vital physiological event because knockdown of these CHT genes resulted in developmental arrest during the ensuing molting period in several insect species. In this research we analyzed the functions of group I (MaCHT5) and group II (MaCHT10) CHT genes in molting of the Japanese pine sawyer, Monochamus alternatus, an important forest pest known as a major vector of the pinewood nematode.

Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate Oxidase Promotes Glioblastoma Radiation Resistance in a Phosphate and Tensin Homolog-Dependent Manner.

The goal of this study was to determine whether nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase (NOX)-produced reactive oxygen species (ROS) enhance brain tumor growth of glioblastoma (GBM) under hypoxic conditions and during radiation treatment. Exogenous ROS promoted brain tumor growth in gliomasphere cultures that expressed functional phosphate and tensin homolog (PTEN), but not in tumors that were PTEN deficient. Hypoxia induced the production of endogenous cytoplasmic ROS and tumor cell growth activation of NOX.

Low- and high-grade glioma endothelial cells differentially regulate tumor growth.

Background: A key feature distinguishing high-grade glioma (HGG) from low-grade glioma (LGG) is the extensive neovascularization and endothelial hyperproliferation. Prior work has shown that tumor endothelial cells (TEC) from HGG are molecularly and functionally distinct from normal brain EC and secrete higher levels of pro-tumorigenic factors that promote glioma growth and progression. However, it remains unclear whether TEC from LGG also express pro-tumorigenic factors, and to what extent they functionally contribute to glioma growth.

Ovariole-specific Yellow-g and Yellow-g2 proteins are required for fecundity and egg chorion rigidity in the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum.

Most insects reproduce by laying eggs that have an eggshell/chorion secreted by follicle cells, which serves as a protective barrier for developing embryos. Thus, eggshell formation is vital for reproduction. Insect yellow family genes encode for secreted extracellular proteins that perform different, context-dependent functions in different tissues at various stages of development involving, for example, cuticle/eggshell coloration and morphology, molting, courtship behavior and embryo hatching.

Light-Mediated Synthesis of 2-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-1-pyrroline via Intramolecular Reductive Cyclization of a Triplet Alkylnitrene.

Irradiation of -methoxyazidobutyrophenone () in methanol yielded 2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1-pyrroline () and several other photoproducts. However, in the presence of tris(trimethylsilyl)silane (TTMSS), is formed selectively. Transient absorption and ESR spectroscopy verify that the irradiation of forms triplet alkylnitrene through intramolecular energy transfer from the triplet ketone (T).

Influence of Borassus flabellifer Endocarps Hydrolysate on Fungal Biomass and Fatty Acids Production by the Marine Fungus Aspergillus sp.

Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (PUFAs) are important nutrients for human health. We aimed to evaluate the efficiency of marine water fungus Aspergillus sp. (Accession no: MZ505709) for lipid biosynthesis.

Investigation of novel ligand targeting bromodomain-containing protein 4 (BRD4) for cancer drug discovery: complete pharmacophore approach.

The Bromodomain (BRD4) and extra-terminal (BET) protein family are reversible; lysine-acetylated epigenetic readers identified as key important epigenetic regulators for protein recognition in posttranslational modifications for targeting cancer for its role in super-enhancers and transcription of oncogene expression in cancer and other forms of cancer and various diseases. Firstly, JQ-1a small potent BET inhibitors, targeting BET proteins were currently in clinical trials to ablate cancer. The identified compounds were taken from the library of preexisting therapeutically potent molecules.

Bioactive Components and Health Potential of Endophytic Micro-Fungal Diversity in Medicinal Plants.

The endophytic fungi that reside inside medicinal plants have the potential to produce various pharmaco-potential bioactive compounds. The endophytic fungi , and were isolated from different medicinal plants. The GC-MS analysis of intra- and extracellular products of endophytic fungi revealed the presence of various bioactive metabolites, such as Anthracene, Brallobarbital, Benzo [h] quinolone, Ethylacridine, 2-Ethylacridine, Cyclotrisiloxane, 5 methyl 2 phenylindolizine, and 1,4-Cyclohexadien-1-one, etc.

P300 promotes tumor recurrence by regulating radiation-induced conversion of glioma stem cells to vascular-like cells.

Glioma stem cells (GSC) exhibit plasticity in response to environmental and therapeutic stress leading to tumor recurrence, but the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. Here, we employ single-cell and whole transcriptomic analyses to uncover that radiation induces a dynamic shift in functional states of glioma cells allowing for acquisition of vascular endothelial-like and pericyte-like cell phenotypes. These vascular-like cells provide trophic support to promote proliferation of tumor cells, and their selective depletion results in reduced tumor growth post-treatment in vivo.