Factors influencing the adoption of innovation in spine surgery: An international survey of AO spine network.

Introduction: Knowledge translation from research to clinical practice can often be challenging, and practice modification patterns among surgeons may stem from a variety of sources, including personal experience, peer influence, ongoing education, and evolving research findings.

Research Question: This study aimed to investigate the adoption patterns amongst surgeons for newer innovations and to analyse the factors affecting the implementation of the same in clinical practice. We used the adoption of osteobiologics as a case example.

Efficacy of Dialkylcarbamoylchloride (DACC)-Impregnated Dressings in Surgical Wound Management: A Review.

Surgical site infections (SSIs) are a significant challenge in postoperative care, leading to increased morbidity, extended hospital stays, and elevated healthcare costs. Traditional antimicrobial dressings, such as those containing silver or iodine, have limitations, including cytotoxicity and the potential for antimicrobial resistance. Dialkylcarbamoyl chloride (DACC)-impregnated dressings offer a novel approach, employing a physical mechanism to bind and remove bacteria without the use of chemical agents, thereby reducing the risk of resistance.

Framework for Adoption of Enabling Technologies for Improved Outcomes in Spine Surgery.

Study Design: Narrative Review.

Objectives: We aim to investigate the integration and impact of enabling technologies, such as augmented reality, virtual reality, mixed reality, navigation, robotics, and artificial intelligence within the domain of spinal surgery.

Methods: We made a literature review for articles that examined the progression of adoption from initial to subsequent adopters.

Is platelet-rich plasma better than steroids as epidural drug of choice in lumbar disc disease with radiculopathy? Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

The current meta-analysis was performed to analyze the efficacy and safety of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) as an epidural injectate, in comparison with steroids in the management of radiculopathy due to lumbar disc disease (LDD). We conducted independent and duplicate searches of the electronic databases (PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library) in March 2024 to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) analyzing the efficacy of epidural PRP for pain relief in the management of LDD. Animal or studies, clinical studies without a comparator group, and retrospective or non-randomised clinical studies were excluded.

Global Practices and Preferences in the Use of Osteobiologics for Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Study Design: Cross-sectional study.

Objectives: To assess global practices and preferences in the use of osteobiologics for anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) and identify factors influencing the choice of specific osteobiologics.

Methods: An online survey developed by AO Spine was distributed to spine surgeons worldwide.

Subchondral Cellular Density Decreases with Increasing Grade of Cartilage Degeneration in Knee Osteoarthritis - An Ex vivo Histopathological Analysis.

Introduction: Subchondral milieu has been the region of interest in recent clinical trials demonstrating it as an effective treatment focus in knee osteoarthritis (OA). However, a systematic analysis of the subchondral cell population density is lacking in knee OA. Hence, this study aims to analyze the cell population density of the subchondral zone for every stage of cartilage degeneration to analyze the rationale behind this evolving treatment method for knee OA.

Comparative Efficacy and Safety of Fluoroscopy-guided Caudal Epidural Steroid Injection and Transforaminal Epidural Steroid Injection for Unilateral L5-S1 Paracentral Discogenic Radicular Pain.

Introduction: Epidural steroid injection (ESI) is one of the key management strategies in the management of discogenic radicular pain. This study aims to compare the efficacy and safety of fluoroscopy-guided ESI through caudal (cESI) and transforaminal (tfESI) routes for unilateral paracentral L5-S1 discogenic radicular pain.

Materials And Methods: This prospective non-randomized comparative study conducted between January 2023 and January 2024 in a tertiary care hospital included patients presenting with unilateral paracentral L5-S1 discogenic radicular pain who failed 6 weeks of conservative care.

Noninvasive in vivo imaging of macrophages: understanding tumor microenvironments and delivery of therapeutics.

Macrophages are pivotal in the body's defense and response to inflammation. They are present in significant numbers and are widely implicated in various diseases, including cancer. While molecular and histological techniques have advanced our understanding of macrophage biology, their precise function within the cancerous microenvironments remains underexplored.

Linguistic validation and cultural adaptation of Tamil version of oxford shoulder score.

Background: The Oxford Shoulder Score (OSS) is a well-established and extensively utilized shoulder score translated into Western and Asian languages for use in respective countries. Our study aimed to translate, cross-culturally adapt, and psychometrically validate the OSS in the Tamil language community.

Methods: The translation and cross-cultural adaptation were conducted according to previously established standards.

Sexual Dysfunction in Cervical Spondylomyelopathy and Its Prognosis Following Surgical Decompression: A Systematic Review.

Study Design: Systematic review.

Objective: While the occurrence of sexual dysfunction in patients sustaining traumatic cervical or thoracic injuries is well acknowledged, the evidence regarding its prevalence and outcome in individuals with degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM) is still limited. The current systematic review was planned to comprehensively evaluate the existing literature regarding the prevalence, patterns, presentation, and outcome of sexual dysfunction in patients presenting with DCM.

Gut microbiome and orthopaedic health: Bridging the divide between digestion and bone integrity.

The gut microbiome, a complex ecosystem of microorganisms in the digestive tract, has emerged as a critical factor in human health, influencing metabolic, immune, and neurological functions. This review explores the connection between the gut microbiome and orthopedic health, examining how gut microbes impact bone density, joint integrity, and skeletal health. It highlights mechanisms linking gut dysbiosis to inflammation in conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis, suggesting microbiome modulation as a potential therapeutic strategy.

Obese Patients Do Not Benefit from Bone Marrow Aspiration Concentrate Injection for Knee Osteoarthritis: A Prospective Cohort Study of 68 Patients.

Background: Bone marrow aspirate concentrate (BMAC) is considered one of the biological treatments for knee osteoarthritis (KOA). Patient selection remains a key factor to ensure that optimal treatment benefit and body mass index (BMI) are one of the key factors to be considered. This study aims to evaluate the influence of obesity on the duration of treatment benefit of BMAC for KOA.

Optimizing outcomes: Implementing enhanced recovery after surgery in orthopedic surgery.

In the realm of orthopedics, the adoption of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocols marks a significant stride towards enhancing patient well-being. By embracing a holistic approach that encompasses preoperative counseling, dietary optimization, minimally invasive procedures, and early postoperative mobilization, these protocols have ushered in a new era of surgical care. Despite encountering hurdles like resistance to change and resource allocation challenges, the efficacy of ERAS protocols in improving clinical outcomes is undeniable.

How Reliable is the Assessment of Fusion Status Following ACDF Using Dynamic Flexion-Extension Radiographs?

Study Design: Reliability study.

Objectives: The radiographic diagnosis of non-union is not standardized. Prior authors have suggested using a cutoff of <1 mm interspinous process motion (ISPM) on flexion-extension radiographs, but the ability of practicing surgeons to make these measurements reliably is not clear.

What Radiographic and Spinopelvic Parameters do Spine Surgeons Consider in Decision-Making for Treatment of Degenerative Lumbar Spondylolisthesis?

Study Design: Cross-sectional survey.

Objective: Surgical treatment of degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis is remarkably varied due to heterogeneity of clinical-radiological presentations. This study aimed to assess which spinopelvic radiological parameters were considered for decision-making.

Combating antimicrobial resistance in osteoarticular infections: Current strategies and future directions.

The emergence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has profoundly impacted the management of osteoarticular infections (OAIs), presenting significant challenges for healthcare systems worldwide. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the current landscape of AMR in OAIs, emphasizing the necessity for assertive and innovative strategies to combat this escalating health threat. It discusses the evolution of resistance among key pathogens, including ESKAPEE organisms, and the implications for treatment protocols and healthcare outcomes.

Insights of gut-liver axis in hepatic diseases: Mechanisms, clinical implications, and therapeutic potentials.

With the rising prevalence of chronic liver diseases worldwide, there exists a need to diversify our artillery to incorporate a plethora of diagnostic and therapeutic methods to combat this disease. Currently, the most common causes of liver disease are non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, hepatitis, and alcoholic liver disease. Some of these chronic diseases have the potential to transform into hepatocellular carcinoma with advancing fibrosis.

Evidence-based orthobiologic practice: Current evidence review and future directions.

The field of orthopedic and regenerative medicine is rapidly evolving with the increasing utilization of orthobiologic. These biologically derived therapies, including platelet-rich plasma, mesenchymal stem cells, bone marrow aspirate concentrate, stromal vascular fraction (SVF), and autologous chondrocyte implantation, are gaining traction for their potential to enhance the body's natural healing processes. They offer a promising alternative to traditional surgical interventions for musculoskeletal injuries and degenerative conditions.

Discectomy versus sequestrectomy in the treatment of lumbar disc herniation: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background Context: Lumbar disc herniation (LDH) is a leading cause of low back pain (LBP) and leg pain and may require surgical treatment in case of persistent pain and/or neurological deficits. Conventional discectomy involves removing the herniated fragment and additional material from the disc space, potentially accelerating disc degeneration and contributing to chronic LBP. Conversely, by resecting the herniated fragment only, sequestrectomy may reduce postoperative LBP while increasing the risk of LDH recurrence.

Chondrogenic Potential of Umbilical Cord-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells: Insights and Innovations.

Background: The advent of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine has introduced innovative approaches to treating degenerative and traumatic injuries, particularly in cartilage, a tissue with limited self-repair capabilities. Among the various stem cell sources, umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (UC-MSCs) have garnered significant interest due to their non-invasive collection, minimal ethical concerns, and robust regenerative potential, particularly in cartilage regeneration.

Methods: A comprehensive literature review was conducted using multiple databases, including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar.

Automated Screening of Hip X-rays for Osteoporosis by Singh's Index Using Machine Learning Algorithms.

Introduction: Osteoporosis is a significant and growing global public health problem, projected to increase in the next decade. The Singh Index (SI) is a simple, semi-quantitative evaluation tool for diagnosing osteoporosis with plain hip radiographs based on the visibility of the trabecular pattern in the proximal femur. This work aims to develop an automated tool to diagnose osteoporosis using SI of hip radiograph images with the help of machine learning algorithms.

Gut microbiome: A revolution in type II diabetes mellitus.

Type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has experienced a dramatic increase globally across countries of various income levels over the past three decades. The persistent prevalence of T2DM is attributed to a complex interplay of genetic and environmental factors. While numerous pharmaceutical therapies have been developed, there remains an urgent need for innovative treatment approaches that offer effectiveness without significant adverse effects.