Parachute-like harness to position patients with severe kyphosis during cataract surgery.

We describe a technique to position patients with severe kyphosis so the head is horizontal. The legs are lifted into the Trendelenburg position, and the patient is supported with straps similar to those of a parachute. Although the patient's legs are high above the head and jugular distension has been observed, we have not noticed posterior pressure in the 2 cases we describe.

Retinoblastoma and hypochondroplasia: a case report of two germline mutations arising simultaneously.

Purpose: To report a rare case of a patient with two germline mutations arising de novo resulting in bilateral retinoblastoma and hypochondroplasia.

Design: A brief review about retinoblastoma and hypochondroplasia; a case report with genetic mutational analysis results.

Case Report: We report a patient manifesting the clinical features of both bilateral retinoblastoma and hypochondroplasia.

Multidrug resistant proteins: P-glycoprotein and lung resistance protein expression in retinoblastoma.

Background/aim: Retinoblastoma is the commonest primary intraocular tumour in children. Chemotherapy now plays a big part in the treatment of these tumours. There is not much information about the role of the multidrug resistance proteins (MDR)-P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and vault protein lung resistance protein (LRP)-in retinoblastoma.

Risk factors for treatment failure of anisometropic amblyopia.

Purpose: This study sought to explore factors which might predict the lack of vision improvement following therapy of anisometropic amblyopia.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the records of 104 children aged 3 to 8 years who had anisometropic amblyopia with a difference in the refractive power between the two eyes of at least 1 diopter, a difference in corrected visual acuity between the two eyes of at least 3 logMAR units, visual acuity in the amblyopic eye of 20/50 or worse, and no ocular structural abnormalities. Patients were treated with either patching or atropine penalization therapy.

Multiwavelength optical intrinsic signal imaging of cortical spreading depression.

Cortical spreading depression (CSD) is an important disease model for migraine and cerebral ischemia. In this study, we exploit the high temporal and spatial resolution of optical imaging to characterize perfusion-dependent and -independent changes in response to CSD and to investigate the etiology of reflectance changes during CSD. In this experiment, we characterized the optical response to CSD at wavelengths that emphasize perfusion-related changes (610 and 550 nm), and we compared these results with 850 nm and blood volume data.

Characterization of optical intrinsic signals and blood volume during cortical spreading depression.

Cortical spreading depression (CSD) was imaged in vivo in a rodent model with optical intrinsic signals (OIS). This is the first study to identify a triphasic OIS response and to characterize the rate and timing of the response. The initial OIS phase had a highly uniform wavefront, which spread at a rate characteristic of CSD, 3.