Retinal Sensitivity in KCNV2-Associated Retinopathy.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the retinal sensitivity under photopic, mesopic, and scotopic conditions in a cohort of patients affected with KCNV2-associated retinopathy.

Methods: Cross-sectional evaluation of molecularly confirmed individuals was conducted. Data were obtained prospectively.

A protocol to study the effect of targeted parental education intervention to identify early childhood development disorder - multisite interventional study.

Background: In India, approximately 3.5 million children are affected by Developmental Delay (DD), often stemming from preterm births. These delays contribute to neurological and motor development delays, placing a significant financial burden on families.

Cardiovascular-Liver-Metabolic Health: Recommendations in Screening, Diagnosis, and Management of Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease in Cardiovascular Disease via Modified Delphi Approach.

There is a new awareness of the widespread nature of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and its connection to cardiovascular disease (CVD). This has catalyzed collaboration between cardiologists, hepatologists, endocrinologists, and the wider multidisciplinary team to address the need for earlier identification of those with MASLD who are at increased risk for CVD. The overlap in the pathophysiologic processes and parallel prevalence of CVD, metabolic syndrome, and MASLD highlight the multisystem consequences of poor cardiovascular-liver-metabolic health.

Impact of model physiotherapy centres in reducing the burden among the caregivers of children with neurodevelopmental disorders in the rural area of Tamil Nadu: a study protocol.

Background: Approximately 1 in 8 children under the age of 6 in Tamil Nadu are diagnosed with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD), yet only a fraction of these children receives proper medical care. The unequal distribution of healthcare services is mainly due to the lack of accessibility, especially in rural areas, leading to a significant burden on caregivers. This research aims to alleviate caregiver burden and reduce disability in preschool children by establishing model clinics or specialized outreach centers in rural villages, supported by SRM Institute of Science and Technology under the Unnat Bharat Abhiyan Scheme.

Neighborhood Social Determinants of Health are Associated With Metabolic Dysfunction-associated steatotic Liver Disease Outcomes.

Background & Aims: Significant health disparities exist in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), driven by social determinants of health (SDOH). Few studies have explored neighborhood-level SDOH in MASLD.

Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study of patients with MASLD at a multi-state healthcare institution.

Metabolomics at the cutting edge of risk prediction of MASLD.

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a major public health threat globally. Management of patients afflicted with MASLD and research in this domain are limited by the lack of robust well-established non-invasive biomarkers for diagnosis, prognostication, and monitoring. The circulating metabolome reflects both the systemic metabo-inflammatory milieu and changes in the liver in affected individuals.

Non-cirrhotic portal fibrosis/idiopathic portal hypertension: APASL recommendations for diagnosis and management.

Since the Asian Pacific Association for the Study of the Liver (APASL) published guidelines on non-cirrhotic portal fibrosis/idiopathic portal hypertension in 2007, there has been a surge in new information, especially with the introduction of the term porto-sinusoidal vascular disorder (PSVD). Non-cirrhotic intra-hepatic causes of portal hypertension include disorders with a clearly identifiable etiology, such as schistosomiasis, as well as disorders with an unclear etiology such as non-cirrhotic portal fibrosis (NCPF), also termed idiopathic portal hypertension (IPH). This entity is being increasingly recognized as being associated with systemic disease and drug therapy, especially cancer therapy.

Serum lipidomic signatures in patients with varying histological severity of metabolic-dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease.

Background & Aims: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) represents a spectrum of pathologies ranging from simple steatosis to steatohepatitis, fibrosis and cirrhosis. Patients with metabolic associated steatohepatitis (MASH) with fibrosis are at greatest risk of liver and cardiovascular complications. To identify such at-risk MASLD patients, physicians are still reliant on invasive liver biopsies.

Liver cancer in 2021: Global burden of disease study.

Background & Aims: The epidemiology of adult primary liver cancer continues to evolve, owing to the increasing prevalence of metabolic disease, rising alcohol consumption, advances in vaccination for HBV, and antiviral therapy for HCV. Disparities in care and the burden of liver cancer between populations persist. We assess trends in the burden of liver cancer and contributions by various etiologies across 204 countries and territories from 2010 to 2021.

Global Prevalence, Clinical Characteristics, Surveillance, Treatment Allocation, and Outcomes of Alcohol-Associated Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Background: Although the burden of alcohol-associated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is increasing with rising alcohol consumption, clinical presentation and outcomes of alcohol-associated HCC have not been systematically assessed. We aimed to determine the prevalence, clinical characteristics, surveillance rates, treatment allocation, and outcomes of alcohol-associated HCC.

Methods: Medline and Embase were searched from inception to January 2023.

Vibration-Controlled Transient Elastography-Based Parameters Predict Clinical Outcomes in Liver Transplant Recipients.

Background And Aims: Vibration-controlled transient elastography (VCTE) is used in clinical practice to risk-stratify liver transplant (LT) recipients; however, there are currently little data demonstrating the relationship between VCTE and clinical outcomes.

Methods: A total of 362 adult LT recipients with successful VCTE examination between 2015 and 2022 were included. Presence of advanced fibrosis was defined as liver stiffness measurement (LSM) ≥10.

Sex and Race-Ethnic Disparities in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease: An Analysis of 40,166 Individuals.

Background: To overcome the limitations of the term "non-alcoholic fatty liver disease" (NAFLD), the term metabolic-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) was introduced. While epidemiologic studies have been conducted on MASLD, there is limited evidence on its associated sex and ethnic variations.

Aims: This study assesses the differences across sex and race-ethnicity on the prevalence, associated risk factors and adverse outcomes in individuals with MASLD.

Gut-liver axis: Potential mechanisms of action of food-derived extracellular vesicles.

Food-derived extracellular vesicles (FEVs) are nanoscale membrane vesicles obtained from dietary materials such as breast milk, plants and probiotics. Distinct from other EVs, FEVs can survive the harsh degrading conditions in the gastrointestinal tract and reach the intestines. This unique feature allows FEVs to be promising prebiotics in health and oral nanomedicine for gut disorders, such as inflammatory bowel disease.