Nigella sativa, Anthemis hyaline and Citrus sinensis extracts reduce SARS-CoV-2 replication by fluctuating Rho GTPase, PI3K-AKT, and MAPK/ERK pathways in HeLa-CEACAM1a cells.

Traditional remedies have long utilized Anthemis hyaline, Nigella sativa, and Citrus sinensis peel extracts as treatments for microbial infections. This study aimed to investigate the influence of Anthemis hyaline, Nigella sativa, and Citrus sinensis extracts on coronavirus replication and apoptosis-related pathways. HeLa-CEACAM1a cells were exposed to mouse hepatitis virus-A59.

High-throughput screening and clinical importance of autophagy-associated genes in basal cell carcinoma.

Autophagy is a type II programmed cell death mechanism that plays a critical role in preserving cellular homeostasis through the regulation of protein, lipid, and organelle quality control. It has become gradually evident that autophagy plays a fundamental role in the initiation and progression of various types of human cancers. Nevertheless, its significance in non-melanoma skin cancers, particularly in basal cell carcinoma, has not been well documented and remains largely elusive.

UV radiation resistance-associated gene (UVRAG) promotes cell proliferation, migration, invasion by regulating cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK) and integrin-β/Src signaling in breast cancer cells.

Breast cancer is a highly heterogeneous group of human cancer with distinct genetic, biological and clinicopathological features. Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most aggressive and metastatic type of breast cancer and associated with poor patient survival. However, the role of UV Radiation Resistance-Associated Gene (UVRAG) in TNBC remains unknown.

Nucleocapsid Protein Recruitment to Replication-Transcription Complexes Plays a Crucial Role in Coronaviral Life Cycle.

Coronavirus (CoV) nucleocapsid (N) proteins are key for incorporating genomic RNA into progeny viral particles. In infected cells, N proteins are present at the replication-transcription complexes (RTCs), the sites of CoV RNA synthesis. It has been shown that N proteins are important for viral replication and that the one of mouse hepatitis virus (MHV), a commonly used model CoV, interacts with nonstructural protein 3 (nsp3), a component of the RTCs.

MicroRNA 603 acts as a tumor suppressor and inhibits triple-negative breast cancer tumorigenesis by targeting elongation factor 2 kinase.

Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive type of breast cancer characterized by the absence of defined molecular targets, including estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) and is associated with high rates of relapse and distant metastasis despite surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy. The lack of effective targeted therapies for TNBC represents an unmet therapeutic challenge. Eukaryotic elongation factor 2 kinase (eEF2K) is an atypical calcium/calmodulin-dependent serine/threonine kinase that promotes TNBC tumorigenesis, progression, and drug resistance, representing a potential novel molecular target.

Polymorphisms in the MTHFR gene are associated with recurrence risk in lymph node-positive breast cancer patients.

Purpose: The aim of this study is to clarify the relationship between recurrence risk of breast cancer and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T polymorphisms.

Patients And Methods: Breast cancer patients who had undergone surgery in Gaziantep University Oncology Hospital between June 2005 and June 2012 were followed-up and retrospectively enrolled in this study. Blood samples were collected from all patients to assess MTHFR C677T polymorphisms.

Polymorphism of CYP3A4 and ABCB1 genes increase the risk of neuropathy in breast cancer patients treated with paclitaxel and docetaxel.

Background: Interindividual variability of pharmacogenetics may account for unpredictable neurotoxicities of taxanes.

Methods: From March 2011 to June 2015, female patients with operable breast cancer who had received docetaxel- or paclitaxel-containing adjuvant chemotherapy were included in this study. All patients were treated with single-agent paclitaxel intravenously (IV) 175 mg/m(2) every 3 weeks for four cycles, or IV 80 mg/m(2) weekly for 12 cycles, and IV 100 mg/m(2) docetaxel for four cycles as adjuvant treatment.

Gene expression profiles of autophagy-related genes in multiple sclerosis.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an imflammatory disease of central nervous system caused by genetic and environmental factors that remain largely unknown. Autophagy is the process of degradation and recycling of damaged cytoplasmic organelles, macromolecular aggregates, and long-lived proteins. Malfunction of autophagy contributes to the pathogenesis of neurological diseases, and autophagy genes may modulate the T cell survival.

Expression Levels of miR-30a-5p in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma: A Comparison Between Serum and Fine Needle Aspiration Biopsy Samples.

Background: Fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) is a useful tool in the diagnosis of thyroid nodules. However, some limitations exist as approximately 25% of the cases cannot be distinguished with this method. Therefore, identification of novel diagnostic markers is very important in improving the papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) diagnosis.

Novel Βeta (β)-Thalassemia Mutation in Turkish Children.

Beta (β)-thalassemia is the most frequently observed hereditary blood disorder in the world. It is characterized by deficiency of hemoglobin β-globin gene and is also a profoundly heterogeneous both at the molecular and clinical level. In the case of β-thalassemia, there is reduced (β(+) type) or absent (β(o) type) synthesis of the beta chains of hemoglobin.

Synthesis, molecular modeling, and biological evaluation of novel chiral thiosemicarbazone derivatives as potent anticancer agents.

A series of new chiral thiosemicarbazones derived from homochiral amines in both enantiomeric forms were synthesized and evaluated for their in vitro antiproliferative activity against A549 (human alveolar adenocarcinoma), MCF-7 (human breast adenocarcinoma), HeLa (human cervical adenocarcinoma), and HGC-27 (human stomach carcinoma) cell lines. Some of compounds showed inhibitory activities on the growth of cancer cell lines. Especially, compound exhibited the most potent activity (IC50 4.

The association of the expression of miR-122-5p and its target ADAM10 with human breast cancer.

MicroRNAs can regulate many biological functions. miR-122-5p has a tumor suppressor function through different molecular pathways. Also, our second hit, ADAM10, targeted by miR-122-5p, is a major determinant of HER2 shedding causing that trastuzumab cannot bind to HER2 receptors.

Do fasudil and Y-27632 affect the level of transient receptor potential (TRP) gene expressions in breast cancer cell lines?

Breast cancer (BC) is the most frequent cancer type in women, and the mortality rate is high especially in metastatic disease. Ion channels such as the transient receptor potential (TRP) channels correlate with malignant growth and cancer progression. Hence, some authors have suggested that the expression levels of TRP channels may be used as a marker in the diagnosis and predicting the prognosis of BC.

Evaluation of Factor V G1691A, prothrombin G20210A, Factor XIII V34L, MTHFR A1298C, MTHFR C677T and PAI-1 4G/5G genotype frequencies of patients subjected to cardiovascular disease (CVD) panel in south-east region of Turkey.

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors, such as arterial hypertension, obesity, dyslipidemia or diabetes mellitus, as well as CVDs, including myocardial infarction, coronary artery disease or stroke, are the most prevalent diseases and account for the major causes of death worldwide. In the present study, 4,709 unrelated patients subjected to CVD panel in south-east part of Turkey between the years 2010 and 2013 were enrolled and DNA was isolated from the blood samples of these patients. Mutation analyses were conducted using the real-time polymerase chain reaction method to screen six common mutations (Factor V G1691A, PT G20210A, Factor XIII V34L, MTHFR A1298C and C677T and PAI-1 -675 4G/5G) found in CVD panel.

Screening of common and novel familial mediterranean fever mutations in south-east part of Turkey.

Familial mediterranean fever (FMF) is an autosomal recessive autoinflammatory disorder (MIM# 249100), particularly common in populations of Mediterranean extraction. MEFV gene, responsible for FMF, encoding pyrin has recently been mapped to chromosome 16p13.3.

The effects of Nigella sativa (Ns), Anthemis hyalina (Ah) and Citrus sinensis (Cs) extracts on the replication of coronavirus and the expression of TRP genes family.

Extracts of Anthemis hyalina (Ah), Nigella sativa (Ns) and peels of Citrus sinensis (Cs) have been used as folk medicine to fight antimicrobial diseases. To evaluate the effect of extracts of Ah, Ns and Cs on the replication of coronavirus (CoV) and on the expression of TRP genes during coronavirus infection, HeLa-CEACAM1a (HeLa-epithelial carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1a) cells were inoculated with MHV-A59 (mouse hepatitis virus-A59) at moi of 30. 1/50 dilution of the extracts was found to be the safe active dose.

Correlation between Rho-kinase pathway gene expressions and development and progression of glioblastoma multiforme.

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and the most aggressive primary malignant tumor of the brain. Prognostic factors in GBM can be sorted as age, tumor localization, tumor diameter, symptom period and type, the extent of surgery, postoperative tumor volume, and adjuvant radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy status. Besides the interactions between actin microfilaments, microtubules, and intermediate filaments, environmental factors and intracellular signals which regulate them affect the cell invasion.

Thr21Met (T21M) but not Ser89Asn (S89N) polymorphisms of the urotensin-II (UTS-II) gene are associated with Behcet's disease (BD).

Behcet's disease (BD) is multisytemic vasculitis or chronic inflammation that may lead to various autoimmune and autoinflammatory syndromes. Exact etiopathogenesis of BD has not been clarified yet. Urotensin II (UTS-II) is predominantly a vasoactive peptide and Thr21Met polymorphism in UTS-II gene was proved to increasing in some autoimmune diseases.

An autophagy-independent role for LC3 in equine arteritis virus replication.

Equine arteritis virus (EAV) is an enveloped, positive-strand RNA virus. Genome replication of EAV has been associated with modified intracellular membranes that are shaped into double-membrane vesicles (DMVs). We showed by immuno-electron microscopy that the DMVs induced in EAV-infected cells contain double-strand (ds)RNA molecules, presumed RNA replication intermediates, and are decorated with the autophagy marker protein microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3).

Mobility and interactions of coronavirus nonstructural protein 4.

Green fluorescent protein (GFP)-tagged mouse hepatitis coronavirus nonstructural protein 4 (nsp4) was shown to localize to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and to be recruited to the coronavirus replicative structures. Fluorescence loss in photobleaching and fluorescence recovery after photobleaching experiments demonstrated that while the membranes of the ER are continuous with those harboring the replicative structures, the mobility of nsp4 at the latter structures is relatively restricted. In agreement with that observation, nsp4 was shown to be engaged in homotypic and heterotypic interactions, the latter with nsp3 and nsp6.

The coronavirus nucleocapsid protein is dynamically associated with the replication-transcription complexes.

The coronavirus nucleocapsid (N) protein is a virion structural protein. It also functions, however, in an unknown way in viral replication and localizes to the viral replication-transcription complexes (RTCs). Here we investigated, using recombinant murine coronaviruses expressing green fluorescent protein (GFP)-tagged versions of the N protein, the dynamics of its interactions with the RTCs and the domain(s) involved.

Coronaviruses Hijack the LC3-I-positive EDEMosomes, ER-derived vesicles exporting short-lived ERAD regulators, for replication.

Coronaviruses (CoV), including SARS and mouse hepatitis virus (MHV), are enveloped RNA viruses that induce formation of double-membrane vesicles (DMVs) and target their replication and transcription complexes (RTCs) on the DMV-limiting membranes. The DMV biogenesis has been connected with the early secretory pathway. CoV-induced DMVs, however, lack conventional endoplasmic reticulum (ER) or Golgi protein markers, leaving their membrane origins in question.

Qualitative and quantitative ultrastructural analysis of the membrane rearrangements induced by coronavirus.

Coronaviruses (CoV) are enveloped positive-strand RNA viruses that induce different membrane rearrangements in infected cells in order to efficiently replicate and assemble. The origin, the protein composition and the function of these structures are not well established. To shed further light on these structures, we have performed a time-course experiment in which the mouse hepatitis virus (MHV)-induced membrane rearrangements were examined qualitatively and quantitatively by (immuno)-electron microscopy.