Effects of Environment, Social, and Governance (ESG) Disclosures on ESG Scores: Investigating the Role of Corporate Governance for Publicly Traded Turkish Companies.

The world has experienced climate-related issues, which increase the importance of ESG disclosures and corporate governance (CG) of companies, which take place at the heart of economies. Therefore, improving ESG disclosures and CG practices becomes significant to combat climate change at the company level. Considering that Türkiye restructured ESG disclosures in 2022, this study investigates the role of CG on the nexus between ESG scores of publicly traded companies (PTC) and ESG reports.

How are energy transition and energy-related R&D investments effective in enabling decarbonization? Evidence from Nordic Countries by novel WLMC model.

Public interest in climate change-related problems has been developing with the contribution of the recent energy crisis. Accordingly, countries have been increasing their efforts to decarbonize economies. In this context, energy transition and energy-related research and development (R&D) investments can be important strategic tools to be helpful to countries in the decarbonization of economies.

A comprehensive analysis of key factors' impact on environmental performance: Evidence from Globe by novel super learner algorithm.

This study aims to analyze comprehensively the impact of different economic and demographic factors, which affect economic development, on environmental performance. In this context, the study considers the Environmental Performance Index as the response variable, uses GDP per capita, tariff rate, tax burden, government expenditure, inflation, unemployment, population, income tax rate, public debt, FDI inflow, and corporate tax rate as the explanatory variables, examines 181 countries, performs a novel Super Learner (SL) algorithm, which includes a total of six machine learning (ML) algorithms, and uses data for the years 2018, 2020, and 2022. The results demonstrate that (i) the SL algorithm has a superior capacity with regard to other ML algorithms; (ii) gross domestic product per capita is the most crucial factor in the environmental performance followed by tariff rates, tax burden, government expenditure, and inflation, in order; (iii) among all, the corporate tax rate has the lowest importance on the environmental performance followed by also foreign direct investment, public debt, income tax rate, population, and unemployment; (iv) there are some critical thresholds, which imply that the impact of the factors on the environmental performance change according to these barriers.

Role of energy transition in easing energy security risk and decreasing CO emissions: Disaggregated level evidence from the USA by quantile-based models.

Consistent with the increasing environmental interest, the clean energy transition is highly critical to achieving decarbonization targets. Also, energy security has become an important topic under the shadow of the energy crisis,. Accordingly, countries have been trying to stimulate clean energy use to preserve the environment and ensure energy security.

How are electricity generation effective on carbon neutrality in the global south? Evidence from sectoral CO emissions by daily data.

In light of the efforts to ensure carbon neutrality by combating climate-related problems, the study investigates the effectiveness of electricity generation (EG) from the main renewable sources (hydro-HEG, solar-SEG, and wind-WEG). In this context, the study examines the countries of the Global South (i.e.

Quantile-based effect of energy, transport, and total environmental tax on ecological footprint in EU5 countries.

Considering a vast majority of application areas, the study investigates how environmental tax (ET) affects ecological footprint. In this context, the study examines the European Union Five (EU5) countries, considers ecological footprint (EF) as the proxy of the environment, uses ET as tax-based environmental measures by making both disaggregated (i.e.

Time and frequency analysis of daily-based nexus between global CO emissions and electricity generation nexus by novel WLMC approach.

The studies have focused on changes in CO emissions over different periods, including the COVID-19 pandemic. Even if CO emissions are temporarily reduced during the pandemic according to annual figures, this may be misleading. Considering annual figures is important to understand the overall trend, but using data with much higher frequency (e.

Does Climate Change Cause an Upsurge in Food Prices?

Climate change is the reason behind most contemporary economic problems. The rising inflationary pressures in the food sector are one of these problems, and stable food prices are a necessity for economic development and social cohesion in societies. Therefore, this study analyzes the relationship between food prices and climate change in Nigeria by using various non-linear and quantile-based methods and data from 2008m5 to 2020m12.

Impact of renewable energy investments in curbing sectoral CO emissions: evidence from China by nonlinear quantile approaches.

The study analyzes the impact of renewable energy investments (RENIV) on the environment in China. In doing so, the study uses sectoral carbon dioxide (CO) emissions as the environment indicator, considers RENIV as the explanatory variable, includes monthly data from 2004/1 to 2020/6, runs quantile on quantile regression approach as the fundamental model, and further performs quantile regression for the controlling. The study reveals that RENIV curb CO emissions in all sectors at higher levels of sectoral CO emissions.

Do life expectancy and hydropower consumption affect ecological footprint? Evidence from novel augmented and dynamic ARDL approaches.

Human activities threaten the future of the ecosystem by emitting pollution to the air, water, and soil. Considering the increasing ecological footprint (EF), the study focuses on investigating the role of life expectancy and hydropower consumption by controlling also income, trade openness, and globalization on the environment under the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) hypothesis for Turkey during 1971-2018. In this context, the study performs recently developed augmented autoregressive distributed lag (AARDL) and dynamic ARDL (DARDL) methods.

Natural gas supply cuts and searching alternatives in Germany: A disaggregated level energy consumption analysis for environmental quality by time series approaches.

By considering the search for alternatives against Russia's natural gas supply cuts, this study explores the impact and causality of disaggregated level energy consumption indicators on environmental quality. Hence, the study investigates Germany, which is the leading economy in Europe and highly dependent on Russia's natural gas supply, by using carbon dioxide (CO) emissions as the environment indicator, including annual data from 1970 to 2021, and applying novel time series approaches. In the empirical examination, Granger causality-in-quantiles (GCiQ), quantile-on-quantile regression (QoQR), and multivariate adaptive regression splines (MARS) are applied as base models while quantile regression (QR) and dynamic ordinary least squares (DOLS) are used for robustness.

Can environmentally friendly technology help China to achieve a carbon neutrality target by 2060? An asymmetrical based study in China.

Climate change-related environmental challenges are prompting an increasing number of countries to set carbon-neutral targets. Since 2007, China has pursued numerous initiatives to attain carbon neutrality by 2060, including increasing the percentage of non-fossil energy, developing zero-emission and low-emission technologies, and taking actions that reduce CO2 emissions or boost carbon sinks. As a result, utilizing quarterly data from 2008/Q1 to 2021/Q4, and applying the nonlinear autoregressive distributed lag (NARDL) approach, this study evaluates the effectiveness of the measures taken by China to improve the ecological situation.

Dynamic link between central bank reserves, credit default swap spreads, and foreign exchange rates: Evidence from Turkey by time series econometrics.

In this study, dynamic links between central bank reserves (CBR), credit default swap (CDS) spreads, and foreign exchange (FX) rates are investigated. So, Turkey, which is a negative outlier country among other peer emerging countries, is examined by considering recent developments on these indicators. In doing so, the study covers relatively high frequency (i.

Environmental reverberations of geopolitical risk and economic policy uncertainty resulting from the Russia-Ukraine conflict: A wavelet based approach for sectoral CO2 emissions.

After the COVID-19 pandemic, Russia invaded Ukraine in February 2022, and a natural gas crisis between the European Union (EU) and Russia has begun. These events have negatively affected humanity and resulted in economic and environmental consequences. Against this background, this study examines the impact of geopolitical risk (GPR) and economic policy uncertainty (EPU) caused by the Russia-Ukraine conflict, on sectoral carbon dioxide (CO) emissions.

Estimation performance comparison of machine learning approaches and time series econometric models: evidence from the effect of sector-based energy consumption on CO emissions in the USA.

By considering the existence of two separate analysis families and the usage of different data frequencies, this study aims to examine the effect of method choice, data frequency, and sector-based energy consumption on carbon dioxide (CO) emissions by performing machine learning (ML) algorithms and time series econometric (TS) models simultaneously. In this situation, the study examines the United States (USA), considers sector-based energy consumption indicators as explanatory variables, uses monthly and yearly data between January 1973 and December 2021, estimates CO emissions, and compares the estimation performance of the models. The empirical findings reveal that (i) the ML algorithms outperform the TS models based on R and goodness of fit criteria; (ii) the estimation performance of the models increases with the high-frequency (i.

Asymmetric effect of economic policy uncertainty, political stability, energy consumption, and economic growth on CO emissions: evidence from G-7 countries.

This study deals with the asymmetric effect of economic policy uncertainty and political stability on carbon dioxide (CO) emissions considering also energy consumption and economic growth. In this context, the study investigates G-7 countries, which make up an important part of the world economy. Also, the study uses yearly data between 1997 and 2021 as the most available intersection data for all countries included.

Analyzing the co-movement between CO emissions and disaggregated nonrenewable and renewable energy consumption in BRICS: evidence through the lens of wavelet coherence.

This study investigates the time-frequency nexus of carbon dioxide (CO) emissions with economic growth, nonrenewable (i.e., coal, natural gas, and oil), and renewable (i.

Role of hydroelectricity and natural gas consumption on environmental sustainability in the United States: Evidence from novel time-frequency approaches.

This study analyzes time- and frequency-varying impacts of hydroelectricity energy consumption, natural gas energy consumption, and economic growth on environmental sustainability proxied by carbon dioxide (CO) emissions in the United States of America (the US) for the period 1965/Q1 to 2020/Q4. This study is the first of its kind to contribute to the current literature by analyzing dynamic relationships among these variables in the short-, medium-, and long-term at different time frequencies in the framework of a multivariate correlation, hence providing a more comprehensive picture about the impacts of these effective factors on CO emissions. To meet the objectives of the study, Wavelet local multiple local (WLMC), which is a recent novel methodology developed by Polanco-Martínez et al.

Asymmetric effect of political stability on production-based CO emissions in the UK: long-run evidence from nonlinear ARDL and frequency domain causality.

The study deals with the effect of political stability on environmental degradation in the long run for the United Kingdom (UK). For this aim, the political stability effect on production-based carbon dioxide (CO) emissions is examined by considering trade openness, renewable energy, and economic growth and using quarterly data between 1995/Q1 and 2018/Q4. Nonlinear autoregressive distributed lag (NARDL), which allows the researcher to measure the asymmetric impact of explanatory indicators positively or negatively, is performed as the empirical approach.

Role of country risks and renewable energy consumption on environmental quality: Evidence from MINT countries.

This study focuses on uncovering the effect of country risks and renewable energy consumption on environmental quality. In this context, the study examines Mexico, Indonesia, Nigeria, and Turkey (MINT) nations; takes economic growth, trade openness, and urbanization into account; includes data from 1990 to 2018; applies cross-sectional autoregressive distributed lag (CS-ARDL) as the main model while common correlated effects mean group (CCEMG) and augmented mean group (AMG) for robustness checks. The empirical results show that (i) economic growth, political risk, urbanization, and trade openness contribute to an increase in ecological footprint; (ii) economic and financial risks as well as renewable energy use have a positive influence on environmental quality; (iii) a unidirectional causality exists from economic risk, financial risk, political risk, economic growth, urbanization, and trade openness to the ecological footprint: (iv) the validity of the EKC hypothesis for the MINT economies is verified; (v) the robustness of CS-ARDL results are validated by CCEMG and AMG approaches.

Endorsing sustainable development in BRICS: The role of technological innovation, renewable energy consumption, and natural resources in limiting carbon emission.

This research aimed to examine the complex interaction between technological innovation, renewable energy consumption, natural resources, and carbon dioxide (CO) emissions of BRICS (i.e., Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa) countries from 1990 to 2019, to accomplish the Paris Climate Conference (COP-21) objective of reducing CO emissions to promote environmental sustainability.

Role of energy consumption and trade openness towards environmental sustainability in Turkey.

The growth of financial services has been critical in Turkey's pursuit of economic growth objectives throughout the last two decades. Nevertheless, it cannot be denied that it has a negative impact on environmental quality. Based on this, in the current paper, the effect of energy use, trade openness, and financial development on the load capacity factor (LCF) is explored for Turkey between 1965 and 2018.

Asymmetric and long-run impact of political stability on consumption-based carbon dioxide emissions in Finland: Evidence from nonlinear and Fourier-based approaches.

The study investigates the asymmetric and long-run impact of political stability on consumption-based carbon dioxide (CCO) emissions in Finland. In this context, the study examines the impact of political stability, economic growth, renewable energy consumption, and trade openness; includes quarterly data between 1990/Q1 and 2019/Q4, and applies nonlinear and Fourier-based approaches. The empirical outcomes reveal that (i) there is a long-run cointegration between CCO emissions and political stability as well as other controlling variables; (ii) positive changes in political stability have statistically significant impacts on CCO emissions, whereas negative shocks in political stability are not statistically significant.