Comparison of syndromic and non-syndromic craniosynostosis cases followed in a tertiary pediatric intensive care unit: a case control study.

Introduction: Craniosynostosis, marked by premature skull suture closure, manifests as isolated or syndromic cases. While isolated cases are more common, syndromic craniosynostoses are associated with a range of complications. This study aims to compare postoperative outcomes in isolated and syndromic craniosynostosis, hypothesizing greater complications in the latter.

Langerhans cell histiocytosis located in the spheno-orbital bone and the pons: illustrative case.

Background: This is a case of aggressive Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) with an atypical intracranial location.

Observations: In this report, the authors present the diagnosis and treatment of a 12-year-old male patient diagnosed with LCH. The patient was admitted to the emergency department with left-sided facial palsy, and a solid lesion with mass effect in the pons was found.

Effect of the pandemic on surgical procedures in a tertiary care hospital: A retrospective review.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to examine the impact of performing surgeries with necessary precautions and to evaluate demographic characteristics of operated patients during novel coronavirus-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and the infection rates during hospitalization and within 14 days after surgery.

Material And Methods: Between March 15, 2020 and April 30, 2020, a total of 639 patients who had been operated on in our center were retrospectively analyzed. According to the triage system, the surgical procedures were classified as emergency, time-sensitive, and elective procedures.

A new method for quantification of frontal retrusion and complex skull shape in metopic craniosynostosis: a pilot study of a new outcome measure for endoscopic strip craniectomy.

Objective: The objective of this study was to propose a new skull outline-based method to objectively quantify complex 3D skull shapes and frontal and supraorbital retrusion in metopic craniosynostosis using 3D photogrammetry.

Methods: A standard section from 3D photogrammetry, which represents the trigonocephalic shape, was used in this study. From the midpoint of the area of this section, half diagonals were calculated to the skull outline at 5° increments in the anterior half of the head.

Continuous hemoglobin measurement during frontal advancement operations can improve patient outcomes.

Massive hemorrhage in pediatric cranioplasty operations may necessitate blood transfusion, which may cause many complications. Radical-7 Pulse CO-Oximeter (Massimo Corporation, Irvine, CA) can provide continuous hemoglobin concentration (SpHb) measurements noninvasively. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effects of SpHb measurement on perioperative transfusion management and postoperative patient outcomes.

Modified endoscopic strip craniectomy technique for sagittal craniosynostosis: provides comparable results and avoids bony defects.

Purpose: This study describes a modified technique addressing bony defects and incomplete ossification after endoscopic strip craniectomy (ESC) for SC followed by postoperative helmet therapy (PHT). The study aims to delineate quantitative and qualitative outcomes of this modified ESC technique followed by PHT and discern the optimal duration of PHT following ESC. A secondary aim is to address the effects of the technique on bony defects.

Impact of prognostic nutritional index on survival in recurrent glioblastoma.

Background: Primary brain tumors are relatively rare malignancy, with high-grade gliomas (glioblastoma multiforme and anaplastic gliomas) are the most common types. We aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI), which is calculated by lymphocyte count and albumin, in recurrent glioblastoma patients treated with systemic treatment.

Methods: Data of 64 patients with recurrent glioblastoma who received systemic treatment and followed in our clinic between 2012 and 2018 was retrospectively collected and analyzed.

Intermediate-Grade Meningeal Melanocytoma in a 19-Month- Old Child with Difficulties in Differential Diagnosis and Management.

Intermediate-grade meningeal melanocytoma (IGM) is a rare tumor that has not been reported in children so far. It is speculated to have more aggressive clinical behavior with undefined best management options. In this study, we present a 19-month-old girl as the first case with IGM in English literature.

Penetrating Craniocerebral Injury by the Hook of a School Desk.

Introduction: Although penetrating cranial injuries are rare in pediatric patients, these injuries can lead to morbidity and mortality. Removal of a gigantic foreign body from the cranium requires proper management as it has high risk of further brain damage and seizures.

Case Presentation: We report the case of a patient with cranial injury caused by hitting the head to the hook of a school desk.

Impact of prognostic nutritional index on survival in recurrent glioblastoma.

Background: Primary brain tumors are relatively rare malignancy, with high-grade gliomas (glioblastoma multiforme and anaplastic gliomas) are the most common types. We aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI), which is calculated by lymphocyte count and albumin, in recurrent glioblastoma patients treated with systemic treatment.

Methods: Data of 64 patients with recurrent glioblastoma who received systemic treatment and followed in our clinic between 2012 and 2018 was retrospectively collected and analyzed.

A Rare Cause of Hypophosphatemia: Raine Syndrome Changing Clinical Features with Age.

Raine Syndrome (RS) is caused by biallelic loss-of-function mutations in FAM20C gene and characterized by hypophosphatemia, typical facial and skeletal features. Subperiosteal bone formation and generalized osteosclerosis are the most common radiological findings. Here we present a new case with RS.

Low grade oligodendroglioma seeding around the 4th ventricle.

We report a 45 years old female patient with a left temporal grade II oligodendroglioma that recurred on the wall of the fourth ventricle at grade II oligodendroglioma.

Direct withdrawal of a knife lodged in the thoracic spinal canal in a patient with normal neurologic examination: is it safe?

Stab wound injuries to the spinal cord are rare, although they commonly cause complete or incomplete neurological deficits. Normal neurological examination with a knife traversing the spinal canal is extremely rare. Here we report on a patient with a knife lodged in the thoracic spine with normal neurological examination and describe direct withdrawal of the knife with excellent results that have not been reported to date.

Antimicrobial Effect of Polymer-Based Silver Nanoparticle Coated Pedicle Screws: Experimental Research on Biofilm Inhibition in Rabbits.

Study Design: Antimicrobial effect of a novel silver-impregnated pedicle screw in rabbits.

Objective: A novel spine implant model was designed to study the antimicrobial effect of a modified Titanium (Ti) pedicle screws with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in multiple surgical sites in the lumbar spine of a rabbit.

Summary Of Background Data: Infection in spinal implant is of great concern.

Hereditary spastic paraplegia with recessive trait caused by mutation in KLC4 gene.

We report an association between a new causative gene and spastic paraplegia, which is a genetically heterogeneous disorder. Clinical phenotyping of one consanguineous family followed by combined homozygosity mapping and whole-exome sequencing analysis. Three patients from the same family shared common features of progressive complicated spastic paraplegia.

Color Correction of Stained Tissue Section Images by Histogram Transfer According to Control Images.

Objective: To present a color correction method by histogram transfer depending upon control tissue image (CTI) differences, and subsequently evaluate its performance.

Study Design: Images from colon and placenta sections stained by anti-CD34 were used as CTI and/ or sample tissue images (STIs). In total, 36 slides were stained: 1 according to standard procedure and 35 with some variation in the durations or dilutions used for the staining process.

Neural tube defect family with recessive trait linked to chromosome 9q21.12-21.31.

Purpose: Meningomyelocele is one of the most common and socioeconomically, psychologically, and physically debilitating neurodevelopmental diseases. A few chromosomal locus and genes have been identified as responsible for the disease; however, clear evidence still needs to be produced. This study aimed to show evidence of a strong genetic linkage in a novel chromosomal locus in a family with this neural tube defect.

Drainage Vein Induced Hydrocephalus Caused by an Unruptured Arteriovenous Malformation in an Adult Presenting with Visual Loss.

Arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) commonly present with seizures and hemorrhage. Hydrocephalus associated with an unruptured AVM in an adult patient is exceedingly rare. A 37-year-old male patient presented with total visual loss in his right eye and severe impairment in his left eye.

Aligned bacterial PHBV nanofibrous conduit for peripheral nerve regeneration.

The conventional method of peripheral nerve gap treatment is autografting. This method is limited. In this study, an aligned nanofibrous graft was formed using microbial polyester, Poly (3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV).

The effect of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3- hydroxyhexanoate) (PHBHHx) and human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) on axonal regeneration in experimental sciatic nerve damage.

This study is designed to evaluate the treatment effect of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate) (PHBHHx) and human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSC) on axonal regeneration in experimental rat sciatic nerve damage, and compare the results of this modality with autologous nerve grafting. In Spraque-Dawley albino rats, 10-mm-long experimental nerve gaps were created. Three groups were constituted, the gap was repaired with autologous nerve graft (autograft group), PHBHHx nerve graft alone (PHBHHx alone group), and PHBHHx nerve graft with hMSCs inside (PHBHHx with hMSC group), respectively.

Quantification of immune deposits in renal diseases.

In this series of renal diseases, in addition to semiquantitative scoring of direct immunofluorescein images, the immune deposits were quantified by image analysis. The aim of this study was to evaluate quantitative measurements for diagnosis and prognosis of renal immune complex diseases. Immunoglobulin A (IgA) nephropathy (n=27, 54%), membranous nephropathy (n=8, 16%), membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (n=8, 16%), and systemic lupus erithematosus nephritis cases (n=7, 14%) were evaluated by semiquantitative scores (SS) for IgG, IgA, IgM, C3, C1q, λ, and κ.

A quantitative description of immunofluorescein images using mathematical morphology.

This study investigates whether automatic image shape analysis measurements improved by feedforward neural networks [(FFNN), a software application model] showing the activity of small neural groups can be used as an image analysis tool in the interpretation of skin biopsies evaluated by direct immunofluorescence, by identification of local shape characteristics of patterns. An FFNN software was designed with 4 inputs: the "selected digital characteristics" (SDIC), that is, the proportion of node, link, end point, and branch pixels to total pixels; and 6 outputs: "patterns of direct immunofluorescence images" (PDI), that is, basement membrane linear, basement membrane granular, epidermal intercellular, vascular, negative, and nonspecific background staining; and 10 hidden layers for training process. Microscopic images from anti-IgG, IgA, IgM, C3, and fibrinogen stained sections were collected to a computer; 292 direct immunofluorescence images from 72 patients.

Adherence of triamcinolone acetonide to various intraocular lens materials.

Purpose: To determine the adherence of triamcinolone acetonide to various intraocular lens (IOL) materials.

Setting: Department of Ophthalmology, Dokuz Eylül University, Izmir, Turkey.

Methods: Four IOLs of 4 materials (single-piece poly(methyl methacrylate) [PMMA], 3-piece foldable silicone, 3-piece hydrophobic acrylic, and single-piece hydrophilic acrylic) were first immersed in triamcinolone acetonide (40 mg/mL) for 15 minutes and then bathed in a balanced salt solution for another 15 minutes.