Accuracy of Ultrasound Scans as Compared to Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology in the Diagnosis of Thyroid Nodules.

Introduction: Thyroid nodules (TNs) are among the more common findings on physical examinations. Due to the fear of the TN harboring malignancy and with the increasing incidence of thyroid cancer, ultrasound (US) scanning is used as an important diagnostic tool in the assessment of a TN. The American College of Radiology's Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (TI-RADS) was established based on specific patterns composed of two or more features.

The clinicopathological features of programmed death ligand-1 expression in colorectal carcinoma.

Background: Few studies have addressed the clinicopathological features of colorectal cancer (CRC) that express programed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1). Various assays and scoring methodologies were used and thus inconsistent results were obtained. In this study, we aimed to investigate the relationship of PD-L1 expression in CRC with various clinicopathological variables using a standardized assay and scoring algorithm.

The Educational Environment Is Warming Up: Response to Changes in a Component of a Medical Curriculum.

Introduction: The Dundee Ready Educational Environment Measure (DREEM) is a valid instrument to evaluate the educational environment of institutions. This quantitative study aimed to discover if applying interactive educational approaches to a component of a traditionally taught medical curriculum improved the educational environment, as measured by the DREEM.

Methods: The bilingual Arabic-English DREEM questionnaire was distributed twice to all third-year medical students (273 students) at the Hashemite University in Jordan.

Unusual histopathological findings in appendectomy specimens with clinical diagnosis of acute appendicitis: A retrospective cohort analysis.

Introduction: While appendicitis is considered one of most common acute surgical conditions, several studies have reported abnormal histopathological findings in appendectomy specimens; however, sending all appendices to histopathology is not yet routinely done.Here we report many unusual findings. Those unusual findings played a role not only in confirming acute appendicitis as a cause of the presentation in some cases but also discovering etiologies that mimic it with great impact on its management.

A Golgi study of neurons in the camel cerebellum (Camelus dromedarius).

Neurons in the cerebellar cortex of camels were studied using modified Golgi impregnation methods. Neurons were classified according to their position, morphology of their soma, density and distribution of dendrites, and the course of their axons. Accordingly, eight types of neurons were identified.

Family readiness for evidence-based injury prevention and car seat safety in Jordan.

Primary prevention involves developing positive health behaviours designed to avert adverse health outcomes, whereas evidence-based primary prevention adopts practices that reduce illness and injury. This study's objective was to determine whether families in Jordan would adopt car safety measures after participating in an evidence-based injury prevention programme. Parents of children attending a regional government hospital in Jordan took part in an evidence-based educational class on child car restraints and car safety, six months later follow-up phone calls were made to see if the parents implemented the knowledge obtained in the class.