Angiotensin II and angiotensin II receptor 2 levels can predict shock and mortality in septic patients.

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the place of angiotensin II and its receptors in the prognosis of septic patients.

Methods: Patients with sepsis and septic shock were included in the study group. The control group consisted of patients who were followed up in the ICU and had no sepsis/septic shock.

Efficacy of Intravenous Ibuprofen and Intravenous Paracetamol in Multimodal Pain Management of Postoperative Pain After Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy.

Purpose: Many different techniques, including multimodal analgesia, have been used for the management of postoperative pain after Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL). Ketorolac, intravenous (IV) paracetamol, rofecoxib, and IV ibuprofen have been used as a part of a multimodal analgesic approach in different surgical procedures. However, the efficacy of IV ibuprofen has not been well elucidated in adult patients undergoing elective PCNL.

Does smoking increase the anesthetic requirement?

Background/aim: To examine the effects of active and passive smoking on perioperative anesthetic and analgesic consumption.

Materials And Methods: Patients were divided into three groups: group S, smokers; group PS, passive smokers; and group NS, individuals who did not have a history of smoking and were not exposed to smoke. All patients underwent the standard total intravenous anesthesia method.

Comparing 2% lidocaine gel (Dispogel and Cathejell) in cystoscopy.

Objective: Cystoscopy is a common urologic procedure. Analgesics are often used to reduce any pain associated with this procedure. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy in reducing pain and the cost-effectiveness of two forms of lidocaine gel in patients undergoing cystoscopy.

Ultrasound-guided transversus abdominis plane block for postoperative analgesia in living liver donors: A prospective, randomized, double-blinded clinical trial.

Background: Transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block is a peripheral nerve block that reduces postoperative pain, nausea, vomiting and the need for postoperative opioids following various types of abdominal surgery. The primary aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of TAP block on postoperative analgesia and opioid consumption in living liver donors in whom a right "J" abdominal incision was used.

Methods: This prospective, double-blinded, randomized controlled study was conducted with 50 living liver donors, aged 18-65years, who were scheduled to undergo right hepatectomy.

Patient-controlled Intermittent Epidural Bolus Versus Epidural Infusion for Posterior Spinal Fusion After Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: Prospective, Randomized, Double-blinded Study.

Study Design: A prospective, randomized, double-blinded study.

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy and side effects of patient-controlled intermittent bolus epidural analgesia (PCIEA) and patient-controlled continuous epidural analgesia (PCCEA) for postoperative pain control in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.

Summary Of Background Data: Epidural analgesia is an accepted efficacious and safe procedure for postoperative pain management in scoliosis surgery.

Evaluation of pleth variability index as a predictor of fluid responsiveness during orthotopic liver transplantation.

Fluid management is challenging and still remains controversial in orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT). The pleth variability index (PVI) has been shown to be a reliable predictor of fluid responsiveness of perioperative and critically ill patients; however, it has not been evaluated in OLT. This study was designed to examine whether the PVI can reliably predict fluid responsiveness in OLT and to compare PVI with other hemodynamic indexes that are measured using the PiCCO2 monitoring system.

Anesthesia Management in Aortic Dissection in Patients Undergoing Kidney Transplant.

Kidney transplant is a last resort to increase the life expectancy and quality of life in patients with renal failure. Aortic dissection is a disease that requires emergency intervention; it is characterized by sudden life-threatening back or abdominal pain. In the case described, constant chest pain that increased with respiration was present on examination of a 28-year-old man (85 kg, 173 cm) who presented at our emergency department complaining of severe back pain.

Effects of Ketamine-Propofol Mixture on Intraocular Pressure and Haemodynamics in Elderly Patients: A Randomised Double-Blind Trial.

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the effects of a ketamine-propofol mixture (ketofol) and propofol on intraocular pressure (IOP) and haemodynamics in elderly patients during anaesthetic management at each repeated measurement times.

Methods: Forty elderly ASA I and II patients were divided into two random groups and received either propofol (1.5 mg kg(-1); group P, n=20) or ketofol (1:1 single syringe mixture of 5 mg mL(-1) ketamine and 5 mg mL(-1) propofol; group KP, n=20).

Effects of dexmedetomidine and midazolam on motor coordination and analgesia: a comparative analysis.

Objective: We compared the effects of 2 sedative drugs, dexmedetomidine and midazolam, on motor performance and analgesic efficacy in a rat model.

Materials And Methods: Rats were randomly divided into the following 4 groups on the basis of the treatment received. The first group received 83 µg/kg/min midazolam; the second, 1 µg/kg/min dexmedetomidine; the third, 83 µg/kg/min morphine; and the fourth was a control group.

Effects of perineural administration of dexmedetomidine in combination with levobupivacaine in a rat sciatic nerve block.

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess if perineural administration of dexmedetomidine combined with levobupivacaine increases the duration of the sensory and motor blockade of a sciatic peripheral nerve block in rats.

Methods: Forty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 5 experimental groups: Group 1, sham; Group 2, perineural levobupivacaine (0.2 mL of a 0.

Protective effects of melatonin and β-d-glucan against liver injury in rats - a comparative study.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the possible protective effects of melatonin and β-d-glucan against ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury in rats.

Material And Methods: Forty rats were randomly divided into 5 groups, each consisting of 8 animals, as follows. Sham group [S], IR group [C], IR + β-Glucan group [β], IR + melatonin group [MLT], IR + melatonin + β-Glucan group [MLT + β].

Effective management of exposure keratopathy developed in intensive care units: the impact of an evidence based eye care education programme.

Objectives: To assess the impact of eye care education on the incidence of corneal exposure in intensive care units (ICU).

Research Methodology/design: Approximately 300 ICU personnel were educated about eye care to reduce the incidence of corneal exposure. The patients were divided into two groups: pre-training (Group 1: Between February 1, 2011 and March 31, 2011 [2 months]) and post-training periods (Group 2: Between April 1, 2011 and April 1 2012 [1 year]).

The hemodynamic effects of dexmedetomidine and esmolol in electroconvulsive therapy: a retrospective comparison.

Aim: Acute hemodynamic responses, including transient hypertension and tachycardia, to electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) predispose vulnerable patients to significant cardiovascular complications. Many drugs have been used in an attempt to attenuate these responses. To date, no comparative study of the acute hemodynamic effects of dexmedetomidine and esmolol in ECT has been published.

Pain, fentanyl consumption, and delirium in adolescents after scoliosis surgery: dexmedetomidine vs midazolam.

Background: The study aim was to compare the efficacy of dexmedetomidine vs midazolam for sedation during the early postoperative period in adolescents who underwent scoliosis surgery.

Methods: We performed a prospective, randomized trial in an intensive care unit (ICU) in a tertiary care center. In this study, 42 patients (American Society of Anesthesiology physical status I and II) who underwent scoliosis surgery were divided into two groups according to sedation protocols: group dexmedetomidine (DEX) (n = 22) and group midazolam (MDZ) (n = 20).

The effects of secondhand smoke on postoperative pain and fentanyl consumption.

Background: Although the need for increased postoperative analgesia in smokers has been described, the effect of secondhand smoke on postoperative analgesia requirements has not been studied. We examined the effects of secondhand smoke on fentanyl consumption and postoperative pain.

Methods: In this study, 101 patients (American Society of Anesthesiology physical status I and II) who underwent abdominal hysterectomy were divided into 3 groups according to history of exposure to cigarette smoke as per medical records which was retrospectively confirmed by measurement of serum cotinine: smokers (n = 28), nonsmokers (n = 31), and secondhand smokers (n = 32).

Comparison of effects of propofol and ketamine-propofol mixture (ketofol) on laryngeal mask airway insertion conditions and hemodynamics in elderly patients: a randomized, prospective, double-blind trial.

Purpose: The objective of this study was to compare the effects of ketamine-propofol mixture (ketofol) and propofol on ProSeal laryngeal mask airway (PLMA) insertion conditions and hemodynamics in elderly patients.

Methods: Eighty elderly patients, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status I and II, were randomly divided into two groups to receive either propofol 0.15 ml/kg (n = 40), or ketofol (using a 1:1 single-syringe mixture of 5 mg/ml ketamine and 5 mg/ml propofol) (n = 40) before induction of anesthesia.

The effects of cognitive impairment on anaesthetic requirement in the elderly.

Context: Patients with dementia have a lower bispectral index score (BIS) when awake than age-matched healthy controls.

Objectives: The primary aim was to compare the BIS and the dose of propofol required for induction in patients suffering from cognitive impairment with that in those who had normal cognitive function. This study also evaluated the effects of cognitive impairment in the elderly on anaesthetic agent consumption during surgery and on emergence from anaesthesia.