Chemical Composition and Neuroprotective Properties of Indonesian Stingless Bee () Propolis Extract in an In-Vivo Model of Intracerebral Hemorrhage (ICH).

Stroke is the world's second-leading cause of death. Current treatments for cerebral edema following intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) mainly involve hyperosmolar fluids, but this approach is often inadequate. Propolis, known for its various beneficial properties, especially antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, could potentially act as an adjunctive therapy and help alleviate stroke-associated injuries.

Comprehension of Calcitriol Levels in Pregnant Women With Latent Tuberculosis and Immune Function in their Newborns.

Background: Pregnant women with latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) may develop active tuberculosis infection and could infect their neonates, which could impair the child's immune system due to infection-mediated immunological responses. In order to develop a preventative TB program in this study, we desired to understand the impact of calcitriol in LTBI pregnant women and immunological responses in neonates.

Patients And Methods: In three hospitals in Medan, North Sumatra, we implemented a case-control design with 84 pregnant women in their third trimester and their newborns.

Effect of (Scheff.) Boerl Leaf Ethanol Extract on Serum IL-6 and TNF-α Levels in Diabetic Rats.

Background: Hyperglycemia conditions in diabetes mellitus (DM) can turn on pro-inflammatory cytokines like IL-6 and TNF-α. These cytokines play a role in insulin resistance and the development of DM complications. People in Indonesia have used to treat diabetes, but the leaf of this plant has not been studied to see if it can reduce inflammation.

Study of the Molecular Dynamics Stability in the Inhibitory Interaction of Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate against CTLA-4 in Chronic Hepatitis B Patients.

Background: Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) is a first-line nucleotide analog (NA) drug for hepatitis B therapy. Long-term NA therapy increases peripheral T cell levels to enhance antiviral response, while CTLA-4 inhibits the activation.

Objective: This study analyzed the interaction between TDF and CTLA-4 through molecular docking.

The Role of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Secretome in the Inflammatory Mediators and the Survival Rate of Rat Model of Sepsis.

In sepsis, simultaneously elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and interleukin (IL)-10 indicate immune response dysregulation, increasing the mortality of the host. As mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) secretome is known to have immunomodulatory effects, we aim to assess the role of MSC secretome in the inflammatory mediators (NF-κB p65 and p50, TNF-α, IL-10) and the survival rate of a rat model of sepsis. In this study, forty-eight male rats were divided into one sham group and three groups with sepsis induction: the control group and the sepsis-induced rat groups treated with 150 μL (T1) and 300 μL (T2) of secretome.

Association Between Serum Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte Antigen (CTLA)-4 Level and Disease Progression in Patients With Chronic Hepatitis B.

Backgroud: Immune impairment, marked by increased expression of cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen (CTLA)-4, promotes the disease progression of chronic hepatitis B.

Objective: This study aimed to determine the association between serum CTLA-4 level and disease progression in patients with chronic hepatitis B.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at Haji Adam Malik General Hospital Medan, Indonesia between October 2021 to September 2022.

Comparison of Gambier Extract (Uncaria Gambier Robx) and Angiotensin Receptor Blocker on Proteinuria Reduction and Antioxidants - Enhancement in Nephrotic Rat Models.

Background: Proteinuria is a significant clinical manifestation that causes edema in several diseases, including Nephrotic Syndrome (NS). Untreated proteinuria is strongly linked to the progression of kidney failure. One of the adjuvant therapies could be used to reduce proteinuria such as Angiotensin Receptor Blocker (ARB) including Losartan®.

Indonesian Version of Addiction Rating Scale of Smartphone Usage Adapted from Smartphone Addiction Scale-Short Version (SAS-SV) In Junior High School.

Background: The increase of smartphone user among Indonesian junior high school students, particularly for teenagers, indicates the addiction factor of the smartphone.

Aim: This research is designed to adapt the Smartphone Addiction Scale-Short Version (SASS-SV) to Indonesian version based on cultural adaptation of the rating scale.

Methods: This study involves 300 participants consisted of 151 of male children and 149 female children with an average age is 13.

Shared Psychotic Disorder (Folie À Deux): A Rare Case with Dissociative Trance Disorder That Can Be Induced.

Background: Shared psychotic disorder was first introduced in the 19th century in France with the name Folie à deux. Since then, the concept of Folie à deux has been developed and produces several subtypes in France. In DSM, this disorder is called Shared Psychotic Disorder, and in ICD-10, it is called Induced Delusional Disorder.

The Comparison of Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale-Anxiety Scores between Female Caregivers of People with Schizophrenia According to Gender Difference.

Background: Caregiver plays an important role for a better outcome in people with schizophrenia, although it usually causes emotional distress for the caregiver. Anxiety is one of the emotional distress. Gender of schizophrenic patients is associated with the emotional distress of caregiver.

Brain-Derived Neurotropic Factor Serum Level and Severity Symptom of Bataknese Male Patients with Schizophrenia in North Sumatera, Indonesia.

Background: Schizophrenia is a severe mental disorder that is multi-causative and multi-factor, generally affecting about 1% of the population. The elevation level of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) offers several protections from other neurodegenerative processes that occur in schizophrenia since this deficit of neurotrophic factors can contribute to changes in brain structure and function that underlie the schizophrenia psychopathology.

Aim: To analyse the correlation between BDNF serum levels and symptom severity by using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) instrument in Bataknese male patients with schizophrenia.

Affective Psychopathology Towards the Quality of Life of Breast Cancer Patients with Radiotherapy in Medan, Indonesia.

Background: Cancer has to become the scariest disease and tends to reduce the quality of life of the patient. Therefore, it is not only a medical treatment that needs to be conducted but also a psychological treatment.

Aim: to analyse the relationship between affective psychopathology and the quality of life of breast cancer patients who are receiving radiotherapy treatment.

The Comparison of Olanzapine and Risperidone Treatment in Male Schizophrenic Patients using Positive and Negative Syndromes Scale (PANSS).

Introduction: The most common method to compare olanzapine and risperidone is by calculating the score of positive and negative syndromes scale (PANSS). However, there were some conflicting results mentioned from previous studies.

Aim: This study aimed to compare the treatment of olanzapine and risperidone using PANSS, limited to only male patients receiving inpatient treatment to obtain more significant results.