Composite Hydrogels in Three-Dimensional Models.

3-dimensional (3D) models were developed in order to mimic the complexity of real organ/tissue in a dish. They offer new possibilities to model biological processes in more physiologically relevant ways which can be applied to a myriad of applications including drug development, toxicity screening and regenerative medicine. Hydrogels are the most relevant tissue-like matrices to support the development of 3D models since they are in many ways akin to the native extracellular matrix (ECM).

Healing of Chronic Wounds: An Update of Recent Developments and Future Possibilities.

Chronic wounds are the result of disruptions in the body's usual process of healing. They are not only a source of significant pain and discomfort but also, more importantly, an unguarded port of entry for pathogens into the body. While our current understanding of this phenomenon is far from complete, findings in physiological patterns and advancements in wound healing technologies have helped develop wound management and healing solutions to this long-standing medical challenge.

Inhaled nanomaterials and the respiratory microbiome: clinical, immunological and toxicological perspectives.

Our development and usage of engineered nanomaterials has grown exponentially despite concerns about their unfavourable cardiorespiratory consequence, one that parallels ambient ultrafine particle exposure from vehicle emissions. Most research in the field has so far focused on airway inflammation in response to nanoparticle inhalation, however, little is known about nanoparticle-microbiome interaction in the human airway and the environment. Emerging evidence illustrates that the airway, even in its healthy state, is not sterile.

Biogenic tellurium nanorods as a novel antivirulence agent inhibiting pyoverdine production in Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

While antibiotic resistance in bacteria is rapidly increasing, the development of new antibiotics has decreased in recent years. Antivirulence drugs disarming rather than killing pathogens have been proposed to alleviate the problem of resistance inherent to existing biocidal antibiotics. Here, we report a nontoxic biogenic nanomaterial as a novel antivirulence agent to combat bacterial infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Emerging in vitro models for safety screening of high-volume production nanomaterials under environmentally relevant exposure conditions.

The rising production of nanomaterial-based consumer products has raised safety concerns. Testing these with animal and other direct models is neither ethically nor economically viable, nor quick enough. This review aims to discuss the strength of in vitro testing, including the use of 2D and 3D cultures, stem cells, and tissue constructs, etc.