Determining the Thyroid Gland Volume Causing Tracheal Compression: A Semiautomated 3D CT Volumetry Study.

Increased thyroid gland volume (TV) may bring about tracheal compression, which is one of the causes of respiratory distress. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between TV and the severity of tracheal compression independent of patients' symptoms using semiautomated three-dimensional (3D) volumetry (S3DV) reconstructed from computed tomography (CT) scans. Cut-off TVs leading to different levels of tracheal narrowing were evaluated.

Effects of acidic and nonacidic reflux on the eustachian tube: An animal experiment.

We investigated the effects of pepsin/hydrochloric acid and bile acids on eustachian tube function and eustachian tube mucosa in 40 Sprague-Dawley rats. The animals were randomly assigned to groups of 10: one group received pepsin/hydrochloric acid (pepsin/HCl group), another received human bile (human bile group), a third received a mixture of pepsin/HCl and human bile (combination group), and the fourth received isotonic saline solution (control group). Test solutions were applied transnasally three times a day for 10 days.

BRAF Inhibitors for BRAF V600E Mutant Colorectal Cancers: Literature Survey and Case Report.

The main method of fighting against colon cancer is targeted treatment. BRAF inhibitors, which are accepted as standard treatment for V600E mutant malign melanomas, are the newest approach for targeted treatment of V600E mutant colorectal cancers. In this case report, we share our experience about the use of BRAF inhibitor vemurafenib on a V600E mutant metastatic right colon adenocarcinoma patient.

Three Cases of Relapsing Polycondritis with Isolated Laryngotracheal Stenosis.

Relapsing polychondritis (RP) is a rare autoimmune and inflammatory disease, particularly characterized by recurrent inflammation of the hyaline cartilage. Laryngotracheal involvement in RP is the most serious complication that is observed in 50% of the patients and may lead to a life-threatening condition. The most common cause of death is laryngotracheal stenosis associated with lung infections or severe respiratory insufficiency that may be observed in 10%-50% of the patients.

Endoscopy-assisted Coblation for nasopharyngeal stenosis: A report of 2 cases.

Acquired nasopharyngeal stenosis, the standard treatments for which carry a high risk of restenosis, is an uncommon complication of both velopharyngeal surgery and radiotherapy to the nasopharynx. We present the cases of 2 men, aged 41 and 52 years, who underwent surgical treatment for nasopharyngeal stenosis with endoscopy-assisted Coblation. The two surgeries lasted 23 and 18 minutes, respectively.

A tertiary center experience with velopharyngeal surgical techniques for treatment of snoring and obstructive sleep apnea.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the outcomes of patients who treated with the relatively new surgical procedures; anterior palatoplasty (AP), Cahali lateral pharyngoplasty (CLP), and expansion sphincter pharyngoplasty (ESP) for habitual snoring or obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).

Methods: Prospective series of 93 patients were evaluated. The performed surgical techniques, polysomnographic outcomes, pre- and postoperative clinical parameters, and complication rates were assessed.

Various combinations of velopharyngeal and hypopharyngeal surgical procedures for treatment of obstructive sleep apnea: Single-stage, multilevel surgery.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the safety and outcomes of velopharyngeal surgeries combined with hypopharyngeal surgeries as single-stage interventions for treatment of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).

Methods: Retrospective analysis of operated patients. The velopharyngeal surgical interventions were uvulopalatal flap, anterior palatoplasty, expansion sphincter pharyngoplasty, transpalatal advancement pharyngoplasty, Cahali lateral pharyngoplasty, Z-palatoplasty, and modified uvulopalatopharyngoplasty.

The Management of the Paranasal Sinus Osteomas.

Objective: Osteoma is the most common benign tumor of the paranasal sinuses. The clinical characteristics and treatment of this disease remain controversial. The aim of this study is to determine the appropriate method of treatment approach according to the features of osteomas.

A new surgical technique versus an old marker: can expansion sphincter pharyngoplasty reduce C-reactive protein levels in patients with obstructive sleep apnea?

The aim of this study was to evaluate the change in serum levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) before and after expansion sphincter pharyngoplasty (ESP) and continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment. Fifty-one patients with newly diagnosed OSA were prospectively enrolled in this study. We performed ESP in twenty-three patients in the surgery group and twenty-eight patients were included in the CPAP group.

Neurofibroma around the Ear Canal: Report of Three Cases.

Facial nerve neurofibromas are an uncommon entity, particularly in the intraparotid region. Three cases are presented herein, including the first reported case of both an intratemporal and intraparotid facial nerve malignant neurofibroma. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first medical publication to describe a neurofibroma involving both the intratemporal and intraparotid regions.

The Practicability of Transnasal Esophagoscopy and the Evaluation of Patient's Perception: A Prospective Study.

Objectives: Transnasal esophagoscopy (TNE) is a relatively new diagnostic procedure in the evaluation of patients with globus sensation and dysphagia. Enabling doctors to examine all of the upper aerodigestive system without the need for sedation, this technique is becoming more popular among otolaryngology specialists. The aim of this study is to evaluate the practicability of TNE and tolerability of patients to the test.

Do Pharyngeal Surgeries for Snoring and Obstructive Sleep Apnea Have an Impact on Nasalance Scores?

Objective: Most of the surgeries which are used in the treatment of habitual snoring and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) mainly target velopharyngeal structures, which play an important role in voice characteristics such as nasalance. The aim of this study is to assess the effect of different types of such surgical procedures including expansion sphincter pharyngoplasty (ESP), lateral pharyngoplasty (LP), and anterior palatoplasty (AP) on nasalance scores.

Subjects And Methods: Forty-nine consecutive patients with primary snoring or OSA who underwent AP, LP, and ESP procedures were included in this study.

Analysis of Vestibular Evoked Myogenic Potentials and Electrocochleography in Noise Induced Hearing Loss.

Objective: Our objective was to analyze the electrocochleography (ECoG) and cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potential (cVEMP) results of patients with noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL).

Materials And Methods: The study included 20 patients with NIHL. Pure-tone audiometry, tympanic membrane ECoG, and cVEMP were performed on all patients.

Epiglottic cyst as an etiological factor of globus sensation.

Background/aims: Globus is a subjective complaint that describes a sensation of a lump or a foreign body in the throat. Despite being a well-known and common clinical condition, the etiological factors have not been definitely elucidated yet. The study was set up to ascertain the relationship between epiglottic cysts and globus sensation.

Airway and Respiration Parameters Improve Following Vocal Fold Medialization: A Prospective Study.

Objectives/hypothesis: Laryngeal medialization procedures such as injection laryngoplasty (IL) and thyroplasty type 1 (TT1) are standard techniques for the treatment of glottic insufficiency related to unilateral vocal fold paralysis (UVFP). These procedures reliably improve the voice and may also improve swallowing function. Despite the association of laryngeal paralysis with airway regulation, there is little published on the effect of UVFP and its surgical treatment on respiration.

Effect of antibiotic use on bacterial flora of tonsil core in patients with recurrent tonsillitis.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of commonly used antibiotics on bacterial flora of the tonsil core. Patients who underwent tonsillectomy for recurrent chronic tonsillitis were included in the study. Three groups were formed: group 1 was treated for 10 days preoperatively with amoxicillin/clavulanic acid; group 2 was treated for 10 days preoperatively with clarithromycin; and group 3 included patients who underwent tonsillectomy without preoperative antibiotic use.

Evaluation of the changes in the nasal cavity during the migraine attack.

Objectives: There are some subjective symptoms involving the nasal cavity such as nasal congestion during a migraine attack. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the possible changes occurring in the nasal cavity during headache in patients with migraine.

Materials And Methods: Patients with migraine were studied.

Minor salivary gland neoplasms.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the clinical presentation, histopathologic and epidemiological aspects, as well as the treatment modalities and outcomes of patients with minor salivary gland tumors (MSGTs).

Subjects And Methods: A series of 23 patients with MSGTs were reviewed retrospectively.

Results: This study included 11 (48%) benign and 12 (52%) malignant tumors of minor salivary glands.

Submandibular triangle masses.

Objective: The study aims to analyze the demographic data of a large case series operated on because of submandibular triangle mass for more than 10 years and presents a review of the literature.

Materials And Methods: The charts of patients who underwent surgical intervention for submandibular triangle mass between January 2000 and November 2010 were reviewed. The medical history, age, sex, duration of symptoms, clinical presentation, preoperative investigations, and histopathologic diagnosis were reviewed.

Nasalance scores for normal-speaking Turkish population.

Objective: The aim of this study was to obtain normative nasalance scores for adult and children subjects speaking Turkish language and obtain a reference for normality when nasality is evaluated.

Methods: Mean nasalance scores were obtained from 35 normal-speaking children aged 7 to 13 years, and 125 adults aged 18 to 69 years during the repetition of 3 nasalance passages that were categorized according to the amount of nasal consonants (oral, oronasal, and nasal passages). The Nasometer (model 6400) was used to obtain nasalance scores for the 3 reading passages.

Subcutaneous approximation suture for preventing soft tissue pollybeak deformity.

Background: Pollybeak deformity due to abundant fibrosis formation in the supratip region after rhinoplasty is still a common problem. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a modified subcutaneous approximation suture on pollybeak deformity of soft tissue origin.

Methods: Three groups, each consisting of eight rabbits, were included in the study.

Comparison of early postoperative pain among surgical techniques for obstructive sleep apnea.

One of the criticized aspects of surgeries for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is postoperative pain. We performed a study to compare the severity of pain occurring after different surgical techniques and to determine analgesic requirements in the first postoperative 24 h. Forty-eight patients with primary snoring or OSA who underwent anterior palatoplasty (AP), lateral pharyngoplasty (LP) or tongue base suspension suture (TBS) were included in this study.

The upper airway evaluation of habitual snorers and obstructive sleep apnea patients.

Objective: To investigate the relationship between the Apnea Hypopnea Index (AHI) and upper airway examination findings of habitual snorers and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients.

Materials And Methods: This study included 264 patients whose tonsils were evaluated in 4 grades. The Mallampati classification was used to determine the relationship between tongue and palate.