Examination of immunohistochemical of the effects of flattened and unflattened radiotherapy beams in nude mice breast cancer xenografts.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the radiobiological effects underlying the inhibition of breast cancer (BCa) following radiotherapy in nude mice models, and to evaluate the impact of changes in immunohistochemical parameters induced by FF and FFF beams.

Materials And Methods: The study included thirty-six adult nude mouse models, which were randomly assigned to five groups: control (G1), breast cancer (BCa) (G2), FF-400 MU/min (G3), FFF-1100 MU/min (G4), and FFF-1800 MU/min (G5). The control group received neither radiation nor treatment, while the BCa group had a cancer model without radiation.

Reduced Serum sRANKL and sTREM2 Levels in High-Grade Gliomas: Association with Prognosis.

Introduction: High-grade gliomas (HGG), including Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), account for the majority of primary brain tumors. Nevertheless, prognostic and diagnostic biomarkers are quite limited for HGG. The objective of this study was to investigate the prognostic value of sRANKL and sTREM2 levels in HGG patients.

Effects of tamoxifen therapy on sciatic nerve crush injury: An experimental study in rats.

Objective: This study aimed to determine the effects of tamoxifen on sciatic nerve crush injury in a rat model using histopathological, histomorphometric, and immunohistochemical approaches.

Methods: In this study, 24 male Sprague-Dawley rats aged of 5 to 7 weeks and weighing between 300 g and 400 g were used. The rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: control (group C), sciatic nerve injury (group SNI), and sciatic nerve injury with tamoxifen (group SNT).

Radioprotective effect of melatonin against radiotherapy-induced cerebral cortex and cerebellum damage in rat.

Purpose: The present study aims to investigate the radioprotective effect of melatonin (MEL) against early period brain damage caused by different dose rate beams in the experimental rat model.

Materials And Methods: Forty-eight Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into six groups; the control, only melatonin, low dose rate-radiotherapy (LDR-RT), high dose rate-radiotherapy (HDR-RT) groups and (LDR-RT) + MEL and (HDR-RT) + MEL radiotherapy plus melatonin groups. Each rat administered melatonin was given a dose of 10 mg/kg through intraperitoneal injection, 15 minutes before radiation exposure.

Morphometric analysis of cervical intervertebral disc space to reduce neural complications during anterior approaches to the cervical spine.

Background: Although neurovascular complications rarely occur during surgical procedures, they have serious consequences. We reviewed the limits of safe surgery to decrease the possibility of neurovascular injuries.

Methods: Four measurements were performed for each patient at the vertebral levels adjacent to the intervertebral discs at C3-C4, C4-C5, C5-C6, and C6-C7.

Combination Therapy of Gabapentin and N-Acetylcysteine Against Posttraumatic Epilepsy in Rats.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major public health problem worldwide that is associated with increased mortality and morbidity. Posttraumatic epilepsy (PTE) is one of the sequelae of TBI. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) as an adjuvant on the efficacy of levetiracetam (LEV) and gabapentin (GBP) in PTE model encouraged by pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) after mild-TBI in male Sprague-Dawley rats.

Finite Element Analysis of Short- Versus Long-Segment Posterior Fixation for Thoracolumbar Burst Fracture.

Objective: The thoracolumbar (TL) area marks the transition of the rigid thoracic spine into the mobile lumbar spine, and it is considered to be the weakest part of the spine. This study was designed to develop a finite element (FE) model of the TL junction (T9-L3) to provide data that could help the clinician and researcher to answer the question of whether short-segment posterior fixation is sufficient for biomechanical performance. In addition, the aim was to examine whether long-segment posterior fixation carries a greater risk of the development of adjacent segment disease.

Morphometric analysis of posterior fossa and craniovertebral junction in subtypes of Chiari malformation.

Objectives: Chiari malformations (CMs) are a group of disorders defined by anatomic anomalies of the cerebellum, brainstem, and craniovertebral junction (CVJ). In this study, we aimed to investigate morphometry of posterior fossa and CVJ in subtypes of CM and in control group, and to bring up a matter a correlation with demographic data and subtypes of CM.

Patients And Methods: The study group included patients managed for CM between 2012 and 2016 and control group.

Correlation of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1, -2, -3, and -9 expressions with demographic and radiological features in primary lumbar intervertebral disc disease.

Degeneration of IVD is a progressive and irreversible process and can be evaluated with immunohistochemical examination or radiological grading. MMPs are a family of proteolytic enzymes and involved in the degradation of the matrix components of the IVD. We aimed to compare MMP-1, -2, -3, and -9 expressions with demographic features, visual analogue scale (VAS), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) and radiological (MRI) grades.

The relation of matrix metalloproteinase 1, 2, 3 expressions with clinical and radiological findings in primary and recurrent lumbar disc herniations.

Aim: In this study, our aim was to examine if matrix metalloproteinase expressions (MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-3) in patients operated with a lumbar disc hernia diagnosis are different in terms of clinical and neuroradiological findings.

Material And Methods: The study included 80 patients treated with micro discectomy for lumbar disc hernia. Degeneration was scored via magnetic resonance (MR) images.

Comparison of disc and body volumes in degenerated and nondegenerated lumbar discs: a stereological study.

Aim: To carry out comparison and correlation analyses of the intervertebral disc (IVD) and vertebral body (VB) volumes in magnetic resonance (MR) images of patients with degenerated and nondegenerated lumbar discs.

Materials And Methods: MR images were examined retrospectively in 93 patients. Lumbar VB and IVD volumes in T1-T2 weighted sagittal MR images were calculated via the Cavalieri method, a stereological method.

Spinal intramedullary metastasis of breast cancer.

Objective. Breast cancer accounts for approximately one-third of all cancers in females. Approximately 8.

Spontaneous cervical epidural hematoma with hemiparesis mimicking cerebral stroke.

Aim. Spontaneous cervical epidural hematoma (SCEH) is defined as an epidural hematoma that does not have an etiological explanation. The most common site for SCEH is cervicothoracic area.

Spinal arachnoid cyst associated with arachnoiditis following subarachnoid haemorrhage in adult patients: A case report and literature review.

Objective: Arachnoiditis is an inflammatory process resulting with the fibrosis of arachnoid mater. It can vary in severity from mild thickenings to catastrophic adhesions that ruins subarachnoid space. As a result, arachnoid cysts can be formed.

The role of a single nucleotide polymorphism of the matrix metalloproteinase-1 gene promoter region in invasion and prognosis of meningiomas.

Aim: The matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) enzyme family has been shown to be active in tumorigenesis and tumor progression. In this study, we analyzed the prevalence of a guanine insertion in the MMP-1 gene promoter region in meningiomas and its effect on invasion and prognosis.

Material And Methods: The study was performed with 33 meningioma patients.

Spinal intradural hematoma and permanent paraparesis after a lumboperitoneal shunt operation: an unusual complication.

Pseudotumor cerebri is a condition of increased intracranial pressure in the absence of clinical, laboratory or radiological pathology. Spinal intradural hematoma formation after lumboperitoneal shunt (LPS) implantation is very rare, but it can cause sudden and serious deterioration. In this report, we present a patient who developed an intradural hematoma following LPS operation.

Monostotic fibrous dysplasia involving occipital bone: a case report and review of literature.

Fibrous dysplasia (FD) is a progressive systemic bone tumour of young and it can be seen on cranial bones. FD is divided into three types according to radiological features. The second most common subtype is polyostotic subtype.