Overlapping repair and epitenon healing are more stable biomechanically than side to side repair and endotenon healing in achilles tendon lengthening with Z plasty.

Background: The current study aimed to compare biomechanical stability and healing process of side-to-side repair with overlapping repair after Achilles tendon lengthening with Z-plasty.

Methods: In our study, 22 Sprague Dawley male rats were used. Side-to-side repairs were classified as group 1 and overlapping repairs as group 2.

Sprengel Deformity: Comprehensive Evaluation of Concomitant Spinal and Extraspinal Anomalies in 90 Patients.

Study Design: A retrospective, case series.

Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the concomitant anomalies in patients with Sprengel deformity (SD).

Summary Of Background Data: SD is the most common congenital anomaly of the shoulder.

Treatment options for locked posterior shoulder dislocations and clinical outcomes.

Posterior dislocations are rare and diagnostically difficult injuries. Diagnosis is often delayed and this leads to a locked posteriorly dislocated humeral head.Treatment options include conservative methods and surgical anatomic reconstruction options as well as non-anatomic surgical procedures such as subscapularis tendon transfer, hemiarthroplasty and total shoulder arthroplasty.

Concomitant SLAP repair does not influence the surgical outcome for arthroscopic Bankart repair of traumatic shoulder dislocations.

Background: Prior studies revealed the presence of superior labrum anterior-to-posterior (SLAP) injury together with Bankart lesions in some patients. The purpose of the study is to compare the clinical results of isolated Bankart repairs with the clinical results of Bankart repairs when performed with concomitant SLAP repairs.

Methods: The patients who underwent arthroscopic surgery for treatment of anterior glenohumeral instability were evaluated retrospectively.

Do timing of injection and status of the suction drain effect postoperative pain scores after intra-articular bupivacaine injection in arthroscopic ACL reconstruction?

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine if the timing of intra-articular local anesthetic injection and the status of the suction drain affect variable pain scores after ACL reconstruction.

Methods: The study included 40 patients undergoing arthroscopic ACL reconstruction randomized into 4 groups. Patients in Group 1 received intra-articular 20 ml of 0.