Investigation into a new denervation model of the sciatic nerve zones in rats: Selective motor or sensorial denervation.

Objective: This study aimed to introduce a reliable and useful model of selective sensorial or motor denervations of the sciatic nerve in rats with clinical and laboratory outcomes.

Methods: The surgical technique was determined via detailed cadaveric dissections of rat sciatic nerve roots and cross-sectional histoanatomy. Forty animals were divided into the sham, sensorial denervation (SD), motor denervation (MD), and combined denervation (CD) groups and evaluated clinically via the pinch test and observation.

Hand injuries with mole gun: A hidden danger.

Background: Mole guns are handmade destructive tools used in the fight against harmful rodents in agricultural areas. Acciden-tal triggering of these tools at the wrong time can result in major hand injuries that impair hand functionality and cause permanent hand disability. This study aims to draw attention to the fact that mole gun injuries cause severe loss of hand functionality and that these tools should be considered within the scope of firearms.

The Use of the Free Iliac Bone Flap by Shaping Like Puzzle for a Wide Alveolar Defect in a Bilateral Cleft Lip and Palate with Rudimentary Premaxilla.

Secondary alveolar bone grafting may not be feasible in a considerable number of patients who have cleft lip and palate, mainly because of the requirement for sizeable bony restitution and the insufficient amount of soft tissue for reliable coverage. Bone transport distraction and free vascularized bone transfers are the salvage techniques for treating these deformities and accomplishing successful bone grafting. This report presents a case of bilateral cleft lip and palate with a large palatoalveolar fistula and a rudimentary premaxilla after prior failed attempts at bone grafting.

Psychometric findings and normative values for the CLEFT-Q based on 2434 children and young adult patients with cleft lip and/or palate from 12 countries.

Background: Patients with cleft lip and/or palate can undergo numerous procedures to improve appearance, speech, dentition and hearing. We developed a cleft-specific patient-reported outcome instrument to facilitate rigorous international measurement and benchmarking.

Methods: Data were collected from patients aged 8-29 years with cleft lip and/or palate at 30 hospitals in 12 countries between October 2014 and November 2016.

Risk factors for complex regional pain syndrome in patients with surgically treated traumatic injuries attending hand therapy.

Study Design: Prospective cohort study.

Introduction: Identification of risk factors for CRPS development in patients with surgically treated traumatic injuries attending hand therapy allows to watch at-risk patients more closely for early diagnosis and to take precautionary measures as required.

Purpose Of The Study: The aim of this study was to evaluate the risk factors for the development of complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) after surgical treatment of traumatic hand injuries.

Rehabilitation of the Work Accident-Related Traumatic Mandible With Iliac Free Flap, Distraction Osteogenesis, and Dental Implants.

Mandibular bone defects due to extensive trauma impair occlusion and affect the aesthetics of facial contouring, making it difficult to obtain a satisfactory outcome. Distraction osteogenesis and free flap is an effective and aesthetic treatment option for rehabilating these defects. In this clinical report, the authors present rehabilitation of a wide mandibular traumatic defect due to a work-related accident with iliac free flap, distraction osteogenesis, and dental implants.

Unilateral Le Fort I Osteotomy for Rehabilitating the Large Alveolar Cleft and Vertical Malocclusion With the Distraction Technique.

Rehabilitation of the large alveolar clefts with autogenous graft or distraction osteogenesis is one of the most common treatment choices. Depending on the clinical situation such as vertical deficiencies, linear transport of the segment does not always ensure a proper closure of the cleft space. In this report, the authors present a patient in whom large unilateral cleft and vertical alveolar deficiency were closed by unilateral Le Fort I osteotomy and distraction technique using the orthodontic elastics.

Nasoalveolar molding in a case of incomplete cleft lip: Is it worth doing?

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of presurgical nasoalveolar molding in an infant with incomplete cleft lip and alveolar notch. The patient was a 15-day-old female infant with a two-thirds vertical separation of the left side of the upper lip, with an intact nasal sill. A modified molding appliance was made to improve nasal esthetics and correct the alveolar notch.

Serial Presurgical Orthopedics for Eye Repositioning and Optimization of Soft-Tissue Repair in an Infant With Tessier No. 4 Cleft.

Objective: A male patient with Tessier No. 4 cleft (unilateral left) presented at 20 days of age. The cleft defect beginning between the cupid bow and oral commissure extended to the ipsilateral orbital floor, skirting the nose and lacrimal duct while passing through the cheek medial to the infraorbital nerve.

Surgical treatment of posttraumatic ankylosis of the TMJ with different pathogenic mechanisms.

Objective: Posttraumatic ankylosis of the TMJ can be caused by many different pathogenic mechanisms. Prosthetic alloplastic grafts and autogenous grafts are the options for surgical treatment.

Methods: Seven patients were examined clinically and radiologically.

Myxoma of the dorsal hand.

Myxomas of the hand are rare tumours and the diameters are usually smaller than 2 cm. In this report we describe the biggest reported myxoma that localised on the dorsal hand and the comprehensively review of hand myxomas. This case is to our knowledge the first hormone-receptor-positive myxoma of the hand.

Flow-through free latissimus dorsi flap for reconstruction of injured limbs: Evaluation of hemodynamic effects on extremity circulation.

Management of vascularized injured extremity requires careful reconstruction for continuity of leg circulation. Protection of the remaining intact vessels during free flap transfer provides condition for blood flow maintenance in the distal extremity. Latissimus dorsi muscle has the correct vessel anatomy for applying flow-through flap because it protects recipient vessel integrity during soft tissue reconstruction.

Versatility of free SCIA/SIEA flaps in head and neck defects.

Reconstruction of head and neck defects may require replacement of the bony structures, external soft tissue, and intraoral mucosa. Most cases, including maxillary defects, often require repair using only soft tissue flaps. Recently, the authors used free superficial circumflex iliac artery/superficial inferior epigastric (SCIA/SIEA) flaps for head and neck reconstruction.

Upper extremity reconstruction using free SCIA/SIEA flap.

The most suitable free flap alternative in upper extremity reconstruction has adequate and quality of tissue with consistent vascular pedicle. Free flap must provide convenient tissue texture to reconstruct aesthetic and functional units of upper extremity. Furthermore, minimal donor site morbidity is preferred features in free flap election.

Hemodynamic differences in blood flow between free skin and muscles flaps: prospective study.

We used Doppler ultrasound to evaluate postoperative hemodynamic changes in blood flow in skin (n = 11) and muscle (n = 4) flaps. The minimum velocities, resistance indexes, and diameters of the pedicle, the recipient, and control artery (the corresponding contralateral artery that served as a recipient vessel) were recorded intraoperatively and at 10 days, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months after surgery. The minimum velocities and blood flow in recipient and pedicle arteries in both groups increased after flap transfer.

Wide combined thin free SCIA/SIEA flap.

A thin skin flap is often required for optimal resurfacing of particular areas of the body such as oral lining, hands, and feet. Using wide and thin flaps provides a higher level of esthetic and functional results in reconstructive surgery. Recently, the authors also applied the thinning procedure for free SCIA/SIEA flaps.

Reconstruction of soft tissue defect of lower extremity with free SCIA/SIEA flap.

Free tissue transfer is the most important means of soft tissue reconstruction for the lower extremity. However, cosmetic results and donor site morbidity are only of secondary concern of lower extremity reconstruction. In our efforts to obtain the best possible outcome for patients, as our first priority we chose free superficial circumflex inferior artery (SCIA)/superficial inferior epigastric artery (SIEA) flap over other free flap options in the soft tissue reconstruction of lower extremity because of some advantages.

Thrombotic effect of purposeful back-wall stitch for end-to-side microarterial anastomosis in rats.

The accidental placement of a back-wall stitch is a mistake easily made by microsurgeons during an end-to-side (ETS) anastomosis, which is technically more difficult compared with an end-to-end (ETE) anastomosis. The thrombogenic effects of a back-wall stitch may aggravate the already existing turbulence and therefore thrombus-prone ETS anastomosis. We investigated this dangerous combination by applying a purposeful back-wall stitch model (PBWS) in an ETS microarterial anastomosis model in various configurations the rat carotid and femoral arteries.

Soft tissue augmentation for restoration of facial contour deformities using the free SCIA/SIEA flap.

Reconstruction for facial contour deformities is still a challenging process and treatment for most cases is achieved only by soft tissue augmentation. The use of free tissue transfer offers the advantage of one step vascularized soft tissue augmentation. This article summarized the authors' use of de-epithelialized free superficial circumflex iliac artery/superficial inferior epigastric artery flap for facial contour deformities.

Fat tissue as a new vascular carrier for prefabrication in reconstructive surgery: experimental study in rats.

Several vascular carriers for different tissues were used for the purpose of fat tissue prefabrication. However, the inguinal fat pad in rats can be elevated with a vascular pedicle and considered as a vascular carrier. To the best of our knowledge, the fat tissue in rats as a vascular carrier has not been reported in any experimental studies to date.

Free SCIA/SIEA skin flap: a dual blood supply approach to groin region.

Free groin flap donor skin is unequaled in generous skin supply and inconspicuousness. We reliably utilize this region by taking advantage of the dual blood supply from superficial circumlex iliac (SCIA) and superficial inferior epigastric (SIEA) arteries and name the flap "Free SCIA/SIEA skin flap." The arterial pedicle is selected between SCIA and SIEA according to vascular anatomy which is explored through an incision along the inguinal ligament prior to skin island planning.

Nondigital tissue replantation and microsurgical spare part utilization in mutilated hands: case reports and review.

Five cases with microsurgical utilization of spare parts from unreplantable amputated segments are presented. Besides, nondigital composite tissue replantations are firstly reported in hand. They all resulted in satisfactory outcomes compared to alternative treatments without any donor site morbidity.

New microvenous anastomosis model for microsurgical training: external jugular vein.

In microsurgical training, the femoral vein is used frequently for a microvenous anastomosis model. But the femoral vein in the rat does not completely simulate the human vein because of its thin wall, fragility, and tendency to collapse. These anatomic characteristics cause some difficulty in carrying out anastomoses in microsurgery training particularly for beginners.

DEXA analysis on the bones of rats exposed in utero and neonatally to static and 50 Hz electric fields.

Effects of the electromagnetic fields on living bodies, bones in particular, are among the relevant issues of contemporary life. In this study, we report the influences of 50 Hz and 0 Hz (static) electric fields (EF), on intact rat bones, as evaluated by dual energy X-ray absorbtion (DEXA) measurements on bone content and density when these animals (n = 27) are continuously exposed in utero and neonatally to EFs (10 kV/m) 14 days before and 14 days after their birth, for 28 days in total. Differences between 50 Hz EF and static EF groups are found to be significant (95% confidence level) for total bone mineral content (BMC), TBMC (P = .

Coverage of the cranium with latissimus dorsi in the recurrent basal cell carcinoma of Gorlin syndrome: for protection against clinical invasion.

Gorlin's syndrome is a genetic disorder of autosomal dominant inheritance with characterized primarily by five major findings: multiple basal cell carsinoma (BCC), jaw cysts, pits on the palms and soles, ectopic calcification of the falx cerebri and skeletal anomalies. BCC is the most frequently accompanied tumor with this syndrome. The risk of recurrent BCC with Gorlin's syndrome is higher than non-syndromic BCC.